good governance and social responsibility essay

Essay on Good Governance And Social Responsibility

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100 Words Essay on Good Governance And Social Responsibility

What is good governance.

Good governance means that the people who run our towns, cities, and countries do their jobs well. They must be fair, open about what they do, and listen to what people need. When leaders make wise decisions, everyone benefits. They should use money carefully, make rules that are good for all, and ensure that no one is left out.

Understanding Social Responsibility

Social responsibility is about caring for others and our planet. It means businesses and people should act in ways that are good for society and not harm the environment. For example, companies should reduce pollution and help communities. Everyone has a part to play in making the world better.

Why They Matter Together

Good governance and social responsibility are important together because they make sure that our leaders and businesses work for the good of all people. When they pay attention to these ideas, they help create a fair world with opportunities for everyone. This leads to happier, healthier communities.

250 Words Essay on Good Governance And Social Responsibility

Good governance means making sure that the people who run our towns, cities, and countries do their jobs well. It’s like when your class leader makes sure everyone gets a turn to speak and follows the rules. Leaders should be honest, make fair decisions, and listen to what people need. They should not use their power just to help themselves or their friends.

Why is Social Responsibility Important?

Social responsibility is when people and companies think about how their actions affect others and the world. Imagine if you saw someone being bullied and you decided to help. That’s being socially responsible. Companies can do this too, by doing things like not polluting the air or helping people in need.

Good Governance Helps Everyone

When leaders govern well, it’s like having a good referee in a sports game. The game is fair, and everyone has a chance to play and win. This means that in a country, good schools, hospitals, and roads are built, and everyone has an equal chance to live a good life.

Working Together

Good governance and social responsibility are like a team sport. Leaders, companies, and regular people need to work together. When everyone plays their part, communities become better places to live. Leaders should make sure that the rules are fair and that they care about the future, and everyone else should help by following the rules and caring for others.

In summary, good governance and social responsibility mean that leaders must be fair and care for their people, and everyone should act in ways that help others and the planet. When this happens, our world can be a happier and safer place for all.

500 Words Essay on Good Governance And Social Responsibility

Good governance is like a rule book for leaders and officials that tells them how to make decisions and manage things in a way that is fair, clear, and helpful for everyone. It’s not just about making rules; it’s also about making sure that these rules work well and that people in charge are honest, listen to what others have to say, and do their jobs properly. Good governance is important because it makes sure that the people who lead us do so in a way that is good for all of us, not just for themselves or a few people.

Being Responsible to Society

Social responsibility is when people and organizations act in a way that is good for society. It means thinking about how your actions might affect other people and the world around you. For example, a company that makes sure its products do not harm the environment is being socially responsible. This is important because it helps make the world a better place for everyone.

Leaders Must Show the Way

Leaders have a special role in making sure that good governance and social responsibility work together. They should set an example by being honest, treating everyone fairly, and making sure that their actions help the community. When leaders do this, they show others how to behave and help build trust in the government or organization they are leading.

Rules and Laws

For good governance to work, there must be clear rules and laws that everyone understands and follows. These rules should be made in a way that includes everyone’s ideas and needs. When rules are fair and everyone knows what they are, it is easier for people to do the right thing and for leaders to manage things in a good way.

Listening to People

Good governance also means that leaders need to listen to what people have to say. This includes not just listening to the voices of adults but also paying attention to what children and young people think. When leaders listen, they can make better decisions that help everyone.

Doing Good for Everyone

Social responsibility is not just for leaders; it’s for everyone. This means that each person, including students like you, can do things that are good for other people and the environment. This could be something small, like helping a friend, or something bigger, like volunteering in your community.

Good governance and social responsibility are like two sides of the same coin. They both help to make sure that our leaders do a good job and that we all work together to make the world a better place. When we have good governance, our leaders are fair and honest, and when we are socially responsible, we all do our part to help others and take care of our planet. This is important for making sure that everyone, now and in the future, can have a good life.

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Governance and Good Governance: A New Framework for Political Analysis

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• Published: 12 October 2017
• Volume 11 , pages 1–8, ( 2018 )

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In a time of great change, accelerating globalization and increasing uncertainty, all countries, whether developed or developing, are searching for a new form of governance that is better adapted to the times so as to gain an advantage in economic competitiveness and create substantial and sustainable social growth. As governance theory is becoming the dominant political theory in response to the change, the values backing the discourse and texts consistent with them have helped revise the theory of government in mainstream politics and were agreed upon by global politicians, scholars, officials and entrepreneurs. When we comprehend governance theory based on the practice of public administration in China, it strikes us how theoretically and practically important governance theory is for rebuilding the intellectual system of China’s democratic politics, searching for an institutional platform for good governance, transforming the public policy-making model and getting rid of the practice in public administration in the process of market-oriented development that is inefficient, or even fails in many ways.

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The English word governance derives from Latin and ancient Greek and originally meant control, guidance and manipulation. Its meaning had long overlapped with the word government and was mainly used to refer to administrative and political activities related to national public affairs. However, in the 1990s, it was given a new meaning by western political scientists and economists. Since then, the word has implied much more than it did traditionally and is starkly different from what the word government means. Instead of an exclusively English word, it is in common use among people speaking other major European languages; instead of an exclusively political term, it is widely used in social and economic spheres.

When trying to sum up what was happening in Africa in 1989, the World Bank used the term “crisis in governance” for the first time. Since then, governance as a word has been widely used in political development studies, especially for describing the political status of post-colonial and developing countries. By now, scholars from various countries have come up with five major propositions on governance as theory. They are as follows:

Governance refers to a set of institutions and actors that are drawn from but also beyond the Government. It challenges the authority of the State or the Government in the traditional sense and maintains that the Government is not the only power center of a state. As long as the power exercised by a public or private institution is recognized by the public, it is possible to become a power center at a specific level.

Governance identifies the blurring of boundaries and responsibilities for tackling social and economic issues. It indicates that, in modern society, the State is transferring its once exclusive responsibilities to civil society (i.e., private sector organizations and voluntary groups, which are undertaking more and more responsibilities that were formerly in the hands of the State). As a result, the boundaries between the State and society and between public and private sectors are becoming increasingly blurred, as are definitions of their responsibilities.

Governance identifies the power dependence involved in relationships between institutions involved in collective action. To be specific, every organization devoted to collective action has to depend on other organizations; to achieve its purpose, it has to exchange resources and negotiate a common goal with others, and the outcome of the exchange depends not only on the resources of each actor, but also on the rules of the game and the environment in which the exchange takes place.

Governance emphasizes the importance of autonomous self-governing networks of actors. A self-governing network as such has the authority to issue orders in a certain sphere and work with the Government in this sphere and share its responsibilities for public administration.

Governance recognizes the capacity to get things done without relying on the power of the Government to command or use its authority. In public affairs management, there are other management tools and techniques and the Government has the responsibility to use them to steer and guide public affairs (Stoker 1999 ).

Of all the definitions of governance, the one made by the Commission on Global Governance is one of the most representative and definitive. In a research report titled Our Global Neighborhood issued in 1995, the commission defined governance thus: “governance is the sum of the many ways individuals and institutions, public and private, manage their common affairs. It is a continuing process through which conflicting or diverse interests may be accommodated and cooperative action may be taken. It includes formal institutions and regimes empowered to enforce compliance, as well as informal arrangements that people and institutions either have agreed to or perceive to be in their interest.” It has four features: governance is not a set of rules or an activity, but a process; the process of governance is not based on control, but on coordination; it involves both public and private sectors; it is not a formal institution, but continuing interaction. Footnote 1

From the aforementioned definitions of governance, we can see that, essentially, governance means exercising authority to maintain order and meet the needs of the public within a certain range. The purpose of governance is to guide, steer and regulate citizens’ activities through the power of different systems and relations so as to maximize the public interest. In terms of political science, governance refers to the process of political administration, including the normative foundation of political authority, approaches to dealing with political affairs and the management of public resources. It particularly focuses on the role of political authority in maintaining social order and the exercise of administrative power in a defined sphere.

Literally, there seems no great difference between “governance” and “government.” Yet semantically, they are vastly different. To many scholars, a prerequisite for correct understanding of governance is to distinguish it from government. As Jean-Pierre Gaudin said, “Governance has to be distinguished from the traditional concept of government by the State from the very beginning” (Gaudin 1999 ). As a political administration process like government by the State, governance also requires authority and power and ultimately aims to maintain a normal social order. Despite their similarities, there are two fundamental differences between them.

First of all, the most fundamental, or even essential, difference between them is that governance requires authority but, unlike government, this authority does not necessarily come from organs of the Government. However, the authority for government is necessarily the State. The body of government is necessarily the public institutions in a society, while the body of governance can either be a public institution, a private one, or even a cooperation between the two. Governance is the cooperation between a political state and its civil society, the Government and non-governmental organizations, public and private institutions, which can be mandatory or voluntary cooperation. It is mainly characterized by “contracting, rather than supervision; decentralization, rather than centralization; administration by the State, rather than redistribution by the State; management based on market principles, rather than management by administrative departments; cooperation between the State and private sectors, rather than being guided by the State” (Merrien 1999 ). Therefore, governance is a broader concept than government. From modern corporations to colleges and basic-level communities, all of them can do without government by the State, but not without governance, if they are meant to run efficiently and in an orderly manner.

Second, power runs in different directions in management processes. For government by the State, power runs top-down all the time as it exercises the political authority of the Government to implement one-way management on social and public affairs by issuing orders and making and executing policies. By comparison, as an administrative process of interaction between the upper and lower levels, the body of governance manages public affairs through cooperation, negotiation, partnership, establishment of identity and common goals, etc. In essence, governance is cooperation based on market principles, common interest and identity. Its administrative mechanism does not rely on the authority of the Government substantially, but rather, the authority of a collaborative network. Its power is multi-directional and two-way, rather than unidirectional and top-down.

The immediate reason why Western political scientists and management scientists came up with the concept of governance and advocated replacing government is that they saw market failure, as well as state failure, in social resource allocation. Market failure means that it is impossible to bring about Pareto Optimum, a term in economics, by market-based means alone. As the market has innate limitations in restricting monopoly, supplying public goods, restraining extremely selfish behavior by individuals, bringing the anarchic state of production under control, cost accounting, etc., market-based means alone cannot bring about the optimum state of social resource allocation. Likewise, instruments of the State alone, including making plans and issuing orders, cannot do that either, or promote or safeguard the citizens’ political and economic interests ultimately. In view of state and market failure, there has been a “growing fascination with using governance mechanisms as a solution to market failure and/or that in State coordination” (Jessop 1999 ).

Governance can compensate for certain deficiencies of the State and the market in regulation and coordination, but it is never a panacea. State and market can fail in social resource allocation; so can governance. So, a natural challenge facing scholars is how to overcome its failure and make it more effective. In response to the challenge, many scholars and international organizations have come up with a number of concepts, such as meta-governance, sound governance, effective governance and good governance. Among them, the most influential one is “good governance.”

Ever since the State and government came into being, there had been the concept of good government in the English language. However, since the 1990s, good government, which had dominated as a political ideal, has been severely challenged around the world. The challenge to it comes from “good governance.” Since the 1990s, there has been an increasing usage of the concept in English and Chinese political science literature, making it one of the most pervasive terms. What does good governance mean? What are the essential difference between good government and good governance? And what are the elements of good governance? Political scientists are still debating these questions.

In a nutshell, good governance refers to the public administration process that maximizes public interest. One of its essential features is that it is a kind of collaborative management of public life performed by both the State and the citizens and a new relationship between political State and civil society, as well as the optimum state of the two. To sum up all the perspectives on good governance, we can see that it has six essentials:

Legitimacy It refers to the state or quality that social order and authority are voluntarily recognized and obeyed. It has no direct relevance to laws and regulations, and from the legal angle something legal is not necessarily legitimate. Only the authority and orders genuinely recognized by people within a specific group are legitimate in political science. The higher the degree of legitimacy is, the higher the level of good governance will be. The principal approach to achieving and improving legitimacy is to maximize the consensus and political identity shared by citizens. Therefore, good governance requires the relevant administrative bodies and administrators to manage various conflicts of interest among citizens and between them and the State to the maximum so as to obtain the citizens’ maximum consent to and approval of their public administration activities.

Transparency It refers to the publicity of political information. All citizens are entitled to the information on State policies that are related to their own interests, including legislative activities, policy-making, legal provisions, policy enforcement, administrative budget, public expenditure and other relevant political information. Transparency requires that the aforementioned political information be duly communicated to citizens through various media vehicles so that they can participate in public policy-making and supervise the process of public administration in an effective manner. The higher the degree of transparency is, the higher the level of good governance will be.

Accountability Accountability means holding every person accountable for his or her own behavior. In public administration, it refers in particular to the duties related to a certain position or institution and its corresponding obligations. Accountability means that administrators and administrative bodies must fulfill the functions and obligations of the positions they hold. If they fail to fulfill their bounden functions or duties, or if they do so in an inappropriate manner, their conduct constitutes dereliction of duty or lack of accountability. The more accountability the public, especially public officers and administrative bodies have, the higher the level of good governance will be. In this regard, good governance requires the employment of both law and ethics to enhance the accountability of individuals and institutions.

Rule of law Essentially, rule of law means that law is the supreme principle in public political administration that should be observed by all government officials and citizens, who should be all equal before the law. The immediate goal of rule of law is to regulate citizens’ behavior, manage social affairs and maintain a normal order in social life, while its ultimate goal is to protect citizens’ basic political rights, including freedom and equality. In this sense, rule of law is opposite to rule of man as it both regulates citizens’ behavior and restricts the conduct of the State. It is the arch-enemy of political autocracy. Rule of law is a basic requirement of good governance, which would be impossible without a sound legal system, due respect for the law or a social order based on the law.

Responsiveness Responsiveness is closely associated with the aforementioned concept of accountability. In a sense, it is an extension of accountability. Essentially, it means that public administrators and administrative bodies must respond to the demands of citizens in a timely and responsible manner, and that it is forbidden to make delays without cause or leave any issue unresolved without response. When necessary, they should proactively solicit advice from citizens, explain their policies to them and answer their questions on a regular basis. The greater the level of responsiveness is, the higher the level of good governance will be.

Effectiveness It mainly refers to management efficiency. It has two essential meanings: rational administrative structure, scientifically designed administrative procedures and flexible administrative activities; and minimized administrative costs. Ineffective or inefficient administrative activities are out of tune with good governance. The higher the level of good governance is, the higher the effectiveness of administration will be.

Good governance is the active and productive cooperation between the State and citizens, and the key to its success lies in the powers participating in political administration. Only when citizens have sufficient political power to participate in elections, policy-making, administration and supervision can they prompt the State and join hands with it to build public authority and order. Apparently, democracy is the only practical mechanism that can safeguard the fully free and equal political power owned by citizens. Hence, good governance is organically combined with democracy. In an autocratic system, it is possible to have good government when the system is at its best, but it is impossible to have good governance. Good governance can only be achieved in a free and democratic political system, as it cannot emerge without freedom and democracy.

In fact, there were more profound causes why the theory and practice of good governance sprang up in the 1990s. First of all, good governance is more widely applicable than good government in the traditional sense. Good government has the same scope of coverage as the State. In modern society, the State cannot interfere in many areas, from civil organizations like companies, communities, clubs and professional associations to the international community. In contrast, good governance is not subject to the scope of coverage of the State as it is also indispensable to companies, communities, regions, states and the international community. Second, globalization is becoming the dominant feature of our time, which, in fact, has been referred to by many as the “Global Age.” One important feature of globalization is the growing influence of transnational organizations and supranational organizations and the diminishing sovereignty of nation-states and diminishing power of their governments. As the government authority of nation-states in the traditional sense is eroded, good governance is playing an increasingly important role. It is because the international community and the society within a state are still in want of public authority and order, a new kind of public authority and order that can only be achieved through good governance, rather than created by the State in the traditional sense. Finally, good governance is an inevitable consequence of democratization. Democratization is a political feature of our time, as well as an irresistible historical trend. One of its essential significances is that political power is returning from political states to civil societies. Limited government power and the shrinking functions and powers of the State do not necessarily mean vanishing social and public authority, but rather that public authority will be based more on cooperation between the State and citizens.

Immature and essentially ambiguous as it is, governance theory is a breakaway from the traditional dichotomous thinking that has long been dominant in social sciences, i.e., market versus planning, public sector versus private sector, political State versus civil society and nation-state versus international community. It regards effective administration as cooperation between the two; it tries to develop completely new techniques for public affairs management; it emphasizes that administration is cooperation; it argues that legitimate power comes not only from the State, but also from the civil society. The theory also deems governance to be a new practical form of modern democracy. Those are all its contributions of positive significance to political studies. However, there is also a dangerous tendency in Western countries to use the theory to justify some transnationals’ and superpowers’ interference with the internal affairs of other countries and pursuit of international hegemony. Based on the premise that the role of the State and state sovereignty are insignificant and the boundaries of nation-states are blurred, governance theory, especially global governance theory, emphasizes the nature of governance as a transnational and global activity. The danger here is that undermining the important roles of state sovereignty and sovereign government in domestic and international governance might be regarded as a theoretical basis for the superpowers and multinationals to interfere with the internal affairs of other countries and promote their international hegemonic policies. Therefore, we must keep a wary eye on the dangerous tendency of governance theory, especially global governance theory.

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Keping, Y. Governance and Good Governance: A New Framework for Political Analysis. Fudan J. Hum. Soc. Sci. 11 , 1–8 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40647-017-0197-4

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Importance Of Corporate Social Responsibility & Governance

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Business Ethics and Social Responsibility Essay

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Searching for business ethics and social responsibility essay? This reflection paper discusses the importance of corporate ethics and social responsibility.

Introduction

The importance of business ethics.

• Corporate Ethics & Social Responsibility
• Relevant Practices

Ethics and social responsibility play an important role in business management. Organizations, both public and private, feel the need to incorporate corporate responsibility in their organizational culture. Ethics deals with knowing what is wrong and what is right. Business ethics encompasses analyzing ethical decisions, beliefs, and actions inline with business activities. Organizations are expected to show ethical values and operate socially responsible.

The major issue is that business ethics integrates different sets of ethics. This is the reason as to why organizations should employ good individuals as workers. Social responsibility deals with business conduct in respect to the broader social values. It questions the duties of business to the entire society (Sims, 2003). In this light, this paper discusses the importance of ethics and social responsibility and various practices and theories employed in different organizations.

Businesses operate in such a way that their owners can realize some benefits. Business owners are also known as shareholders. Though, other stakeholders are part of critical components of decision making because businesses have to act in a liable and ethical manner and reflect on the potential effects of any choices made. Stakeholders such as dealers, customers, staff, owners, and communities are the integral part of business operations.

Customers, who are also citizens, require quality products which are affordable. Likewise, other stakeholders expect fair business engagements from organizations. Citizens need to know that right things are being done for the right reasons. This is because organizations target citizens in their plans for making profits and it is imperative that citizens observe the conduct of businesses in order to make the right choices (McNamara, 2010).

Knowing ethical and social norms help citizens to keep organizations in tandem with the society’s expectations. Businesses should work in a way that is lawful, beneficial, ethical, and inline with social commands (Johnson, n.d). Ethics in business enable organizations to maximize profits, utilize business resources, and create support in the market. Ethical values should command what is suitable to pay employees as well as to charge consumers.

An organization is therefore required to have a culture that enhances strong values. This will also attract good employees in the company. For example, companies strive to be included in the list of the top 100 firms in the United States issued frequently in Fortune magazine. The most common criteria used are analyzing profit sharing, bonuses, and stock markets. The list also incorporates policies and rewards that refer to work and enhance social responsibility (Griffin, 2008).

In the health sector, patients are supposed to trust physicians because hospitals are normally governed with good ethical conducts. This trust ensures that good medical care is offered to patients. Studies have found that trust is mostly related to patient satisfaction and therefore vital in selecting and applying treatment that is essential to patients (Thom & Campbell, 1997). Moreover, such trusts are essentials because in many cases patients require long-term or ongoing management in chronic cases.

Reflection about Business Ethics and Social Responsibility

Social responsibility is an element of ethical conduct. It is improving the community in general. Areas of social responsibility include business giving, ecological and environmental quality, consumerism, government relation, and labor relations. Social responsibility improves the public image of an organization and enhances the local economy.

Trust and excellent reputation are among the most important assets in any business that can only be realized through social responsibility. Social responsibility also attracts and retains employees who are committed to their task, hence improved performance. By doing so, companies can reduce the cost of recruitment.

Moreover, social responsibility increases the customer base and attracts investors. Being a social responsible organization enable a business to gain competitive advantage. Developing products that are friendly to the environment adds value and increases sales in business. Investors prefer social responsible businesses because it is an indication of proper management and a good reputation (The Economist, 2009).

However, if a company produces products that are detrimental to the environment, there is high chance that the company’s image can be destroyed.

The effect of pollution on air, water, and land calls for the need to observe ecological and environmental quality. Companies should clean up the existing pollution, start processes to reduce pollution, control noise, recycle materials, and perform aesthetic improvements. Consequently, social responsibility determines how children behave and thus there is need to educate children about social responsibility in order to put a sustainable investment in the future. Children are the potential business stakeholders in future.

Practicing social responsibility such as training children and improving health and education broadens their view and persuade them to help others. Teenagers can be asked to take part in volunteer programs in nursing homes, heath centers, and schools. This helps to heighten the idea that we are accountable for the state and quality of our societies (Griffins, 2008).

Practices of Corporate Social Responsibility

Ethics and social accountability in the context of business have changed over the last decades. This is due to various ethics scandals that have captured the interest of people. It is vital to talk about some of these scandals. The Salmon Brothers, a sponsor of security, defied Treasury policy in 1990s by purchasing more than thirty five percent of a Treasury copy of securities at auction. This business scandal forced three top executives to resign, including other effects.

The crime contributed in the effort of setting the U.S. Sentencing Commission in 1991 which was responsible for ensuring that companies are accountable for any unlawful behavior (Brenner, 1992). In the mid 1990, many ethical scandals were inline with sexual harassment and racial prejudice.

Coca-cola, Mitsubishi, and Texaco are some of the companies that received such accusations. At the start of the new century, scandals were persistent in the news. In 2001, Firestone and Ford expressed regret to their customers for a continued tire failures. Business ethics crimes are still common in the present days and therefore there is a possibility of changing ethical and social responsibility practices and theories in the future.

From the inference of public interest in social responsibility during the last forty years, two implications can be made. Attention in social responsibility has increased throughout the past three decades. Consequently, attention in ethics and social responsibility appears to have been driven by business scandals. In essence, the society has constantly changed their view on the issue with different tastes; some take it seriously and others take it lightly.

Because of the increasing ethical missteps, companies have been undergoing an intensive analysis from the public with regards to their performance. Due to many allegations, such as unfavorable care for the customer and environmental degradation, social responsibility has changed dramatically and thus companies are required to offer back to the community. It is believed that individual corporations are like citizens so they should contribute to the society (Henn, 2009).

The current organizations in many aspects are part of the society made up of many persons with different views and expectations. This implies that there is new demand for all stakeholders to reorganize their relationships.

For example, according to the President of McDonald’s, Don Thompson, the enduring success of the company relies on customers’ trust and loyalty – in the value and safety of food, in the business processes, and in the firm’s commitment to solving issues presented by the customers (personal communication, June 13, 2010). Those businesses expected to last for long will be concerned with making certain that the evolving requirements are met.

These companies will need to observe legal, ethical, and social requirements while being able to operate in tandem with changing economic conditions. In the past, social responsibility was seen as a practice that can decrease profits and thus contradicting the reason for the firm’s existence (Griffin, 2008).

Likewise, most organizations applied the utilitarian principle in solving ethical problems. The utilitarian principle argues that an action should be taken if it brings greater value to the whole organization. Modern organizations take into consideration the rights of every individual. This is known as the moral rights principle of solving ethical problems. It is imperative that modern firms observe and preserve the rights of employees, customers, and the whole society.

In future, ethics and social responsibility will have a new meaning in the context of business operations. From the current happenings, it is possible that businesses will be required to be adoptive and interactive. Future organizations will need to observe the changing laws that govern business operations.

As pressure increases from the outside environment, companies will be able to anticipate environmental changes and blend their own goals with those of the society. This is an interactive approach that reduces the difference between society’s viewpoint and business routine.

Social responsibility is part of business ethics that require managers to be open in their business engagements. Observing ethics and social responsibility improves the company’s image and result to profit maximization.

The whole world would benefit from social responsibility because companies are required to take part in the following aspects: improve environmental quality, provide truthful advertisement, start industries in marginal areas, provide equal employment rights, develop quality products, and enable freedom of participation in company’s affairs.

As explained in this paper, ethics and social responsibility requires constant changes in organizational conduct and performance. Since internal and external requirements change, it is imperative that firms likely to survive in future observe the changing needs from the society and regulations imposed by the government. In essence, since businesses create some problems they should help solve them.

Brenner, S. N. (1992). “Ethics Programs and Their Dimensions”. Journal of Business Ethics , 11, 391-399.

Griffin, A. (2008). New Strategies For Reputation Management: Gaining Control of Issues, Crisis & Corporate Social Responsibility. Philadelphia, USA: Kogan Page Limited.

Henn, K. (2009). Business Ethics: A Case Study Approach. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Johnson, K. W. Integrating Applied Ethics and Social Responsibility . Ethical Complexity or Ethical Chaos? . Web.

McNamara, C. (2010). Complete Guide to Ethics Management: An Ethics Toolkit for Managers . Free Management Library. Web.

Oneal, M. (Interviewer) & Thompson, D. (Interviewee). (2010). McDonald’s on a Roll, But Still Not at Top of its Game . Chicago Tribune. Web.

Sims, R. (2003). Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility: Why Giants Fall. United States: Green wood Publishing Group, Inc.

The Economist. (2005). The Importance of Corporate Responsibility . Economist Intelligence Unit. Web.

Thom, D. H. & Campbell, B. (1997). Patient-Physician Trust: An Exploratory Study. BNET. Web.

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IvyPanda. (2018, July 16). Business Ethics and Social Responsibility Essay. https://ivypanda.com/essays/ethics-and-social-responsibility/

"Business Ethics and Social Responsibility Essay." IvyPanda , 16 July 2018, ivypanda.com/essays/ethics-and-social-responsibility/.

IvyPanda . (2018) 'Business Ethics and Social Responsibility Essay'. 16 July.

IvyPanda . 2018. "Business Ethics and Social Responsibility Essay." July 16, 2018. https://ivypanda.com/essays/ethics-and-social-responsibility/.

1. IvyPanda . "Business Ethics and Social Responsibility Essay." July 16, 2018. https://ivypanda.com/essays/ethics-and-social-responsibility/.

Bibliography

IvyPanda . "Business Ethics and Social Responsibility Essay." July 16, 2018. https://ivypanda.com/essays/ethics-and-social-responsibility/.

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1 Good Governance: An Introduction

• Published: April 2019
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Good governance is a legal concept and a cornerstone of the modern state. It is the most modern of the three cornerstones of the state, whereas the rule of law and democracy concepts are the more classical yet still lively cornerstones. The legal system of the state requires further specification by norms and enforcement and the concept of good governance plays an important role. Three steps can be distinguished in the positivation of the concept: the identification, the internalization, and the enforcement of good governance. There is a direct link between good governance and human rights which can be illustrated by different articles in international human rights treaties. The latest developments are related to the right to good governance. Important also are the development of most of the originally unwritten principles by the judiciary which are later more or less codified and the internationalization of national administrative law by the development of principles of good governance including principles of good administration.

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6 Examples of Corporate Social Responsibility That Were Successful

• 06 Jun 2019

Business is about more than just making a profit. Climate change, economic inequality, and other global challenges that impact communities worldwide have compelled companies to be purpose-driven and contribute to the greater good .

In a recent study by Deloitte , 93 percent of business leaders said they believe companies aren't just employers, but stewards of society. In addition, 95 percent reported they plan to take a stronger stance on large-scale issues in the coming years and devote significant resources to socially responsible initiatives. With more CEOs turning their focus to the long term, it’s important to consider what you can do in your career to make an impact .

Access your free e-book today.

What Is Corporate Social Responsibility?

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a business model in which for-profit companies seek ways to create social and environmental benefits while pursuing organizational goals, such as revenue growth and maximizing shareholder value.

Today’s organizations are implementing extensive corporate social responsibility programs, with many companies dedicating C-level executive roles and entire departments to social and environmental initiatives. These executives are commonly referred to as chief officers of corporate social responsibility or chief sustainability officers (CSO).

There are many types of corporate social responsibility , and CSR might look different for each organization, but the end goal is always the same: Do well by doing good . Companies that embrace corporate social responsibility aim to maintain profitability while supporting a larger purpose.

Rather than simply focusing on generating profit, or the bottom line, socially responsible companies are concerned with the triple bottom line , which considers the impact that business decisions have on profit, people, and the planet.

It’s no coincidence that some of today’s most profitable organizations are also socially responsible. Here are six successful examples of corporate social responsibility you can use to drive social change at your organization.

Check out our video on corporate social responsibility below, and subscribe to our YouTube channel for more explainer content!

6 Corporate Social Responsibility Examples

1. lego’s commitment to sustainability.

As one of the most reputable companies in the world, Lego aims to not only help children develop through creative play but also foster a healthy planet.

Lego is the first, and only, toy company to be named a World Wildlife Fund Climate Savers Partner , marking its pledge to reduce its carbon impact. And its commitment to sustainability extends beyond its partnerships.

By 2030, the toymaker plans to use environmentally friendly materials to produce all of its core products and packaging—and it’s already taken key steps to achieve that goal.

Over 2013 and 2014, Lego shrunk its box sizes by 14 percent , saving approximately 7,000 tons of cardboard. Then, in 2018, the company introduced 150 botanical pieces made from sustainably sourced sugarcane —a break from the petroleum-based plastic typically used to produce the company’s signature building blocks. The company has also recently committed to removing all single-use plastic packaging from its materials by 2025, among other initiatives .

Along with these changes, the toymaker has committed to investing $164 million into its Sustainable Materials Center , where researchers are experimenting with bio-based materials that can be implemented into the production process.

Through these initiatives, Lego is well on its way to tackling pressing environmental challenges and furthering its mission to help build a more sustainable future.

Related : What Does "Sustainability" Mean in Business?

2. Salesforce’s 1-1-1 Philanthropic Model

Beyond being a leader in the technology space, cloud-based software giant Salesforce is a trailblazer in corporate philanthropy.

Since its outset, the company has championed its 1-1-1 philanthropic model , which involves giving one percent of product, one percent of equity, and one percent of employees’ time to communities and the nonprofit sector.

To date, Salesforce employees have logged more than 5 million volunteer hours . Not only that, the company has awarded upwards of $406 million in grants and donated to more than 40,000 nonprofit organizations and educational institutions.

In addition, through its work with San Francisco Unified and Oakland Unified School Districts, Salesforce has helped reduce algebra repeat rates and contributed to a high percentage of students receiving A’s or B’s in computer science classes.

As the company’s revenue grows, Salesforce stands as a prime example of the idea that profit-making and social impact initiatives don’t have to be at odds with one another.

3. Ben & Jerry’s Social Mission

At Ben & Jerry’s, positively impacting society is just as important as producing premium ice cream.

In 2012, the company became a certified B Corporation —a business that balances purpose and profit by meeting the highest standards of social and environmental performance, public transparency, and legal accountability.

As part of its overarching commitment to leading with progressive values, the ice cream maker established the Ben & Jerry’s Foundation in 1985, an organization dedicated to supporting grassroots movements that drive social change.

Each year, the foundation awards approximately $2.5 million in grants to organizations in Vermont and across the United States. Grant recipients have included the United Workers Association, a human rights group striving to end poverty, and the Clean Air Coalition, an environmental health and justice organization based in New York.

The foundation’s work earned it a National Committee for Responsive Philanthropy Award in 2014, and it continues to sponsor efforts to find solutions to systemic problems at both local and national levels.

Related : How to Create Social Change: 4 Business Strategies

4. Levi Strauss’s Social Impact

In addition to being one of the most successful fashion brands in history, Levi’s is also one of the first to push for a more ethical and sustainable supply chain.

In 1991, the brand created its Terms of Engagement , which established its global code of conduct regarding its supply chain and set standards for workers’ rights, a safe work environment, and an environmentally friendly production process.

To maintain its commitment in a changing world, Levi’s regularly updates its Terms of Engagement. In 2011, on the 20th anniversary of its code of conduct, Levi’s announced its Worker Well-being initiative to implement further programs focused on the health and well-being of supply chain workers.

Since 2011, the Worker Well-being initiative has been expanded to 12 countries, benefitting more than 100,000 workers. In 2016, the brand scaled up the initiative, vowing to expand the program to more than 300,000 workers and produce more than 80 percent of its product in Worker Well-being factories by 2025.

For its continued efforts to maintain the well-being of its people and the environment, Levi’s was named one of Engage for Good’s 2020 Golden Halo Award winners , the highest honor reserved for socially responsible companies.

5. Starbucks’s Commitment to Ethical Sourcing

Starbucks launched its first corporate social responsibility report in 2002 with the goal of becoming as well-known for its CSR initiatives as for its products. One of the ways the brand has fulfilled this goal is through ethical sourcing.

In 2015, Starbucks verified that 99 percent of its coffee supply chain is ethically sourced , and it seeks to boost that figure to 100 percent through continued efforts and partnerships with local coffee farmers and organizations.

The brand bases its approach on Coffee and Farmer Equity (CAFE) Practices , one of the coffee industry’s first set of ethical sourcing standards created in collaboration with Conservation International . CAFE assesses coffee farms against specific economic, social, and environmental standards, ensuring Starbucks can source its product while maintaining a positive social impact.

For its work, Starbucks was named one of the world’s most ethical companies in 2021 by Ethisphere.

6. New Belgium Brewing’s Sustainable Practices

New Belgium Brewing has always been a proponent of green initiatives . As early as 1999, it was one of the first breweries to use wind power to source 100 percent of its electricity, significantly reducing its operational carbon footprint.

In Harvard Business School Online’s Business and Climate Change course, Katie Wallace, New Belgium Brewing's chief environmental, social, and governance (ESG) officer, elaborates on the company’s sustainable practices.

"We have biogas here that we capture from our process water treatment plant," Wallace says in the course. "We make electricity with it. When we installed our solar panels on the Colorado packaging hall, it was the largest privately owned solar array at that time in Colorado. And today, we have many other sources of renewable electricity and have invested quite a bit in efficiencies."

New Belgium Brewing also turns outward in its sustainability practices by actively engaging with suppliers, customers, and competitors to promote broader environmental change. These efforts range from encouraging the use of renewable resources in supply chains to participating in policy-making discussions that foster industry-wide sustainability. For example, it co-founded the Glass Recycling Coalition to improve recycling nationwide after recognizing sustainability concerns in the bottling industry.

New Belgium's commitment to corporate social responsibility is an ongoing process, though. The brewery continues to set ambitious targets for reducing waste, conserving water, and supporting renewable energy projects to build a more sustainable future.

The Value of Being Socially Responsible

As these firms demonstrate , a deep and abiding commitment to corporate social responsibility can pay dividends. By learning from these initiatives and taking a values-driven approach to business, you can help your organization thrive and grow, even as it confronts global challenges.

Corporate social responsibility is critical for businesses today. It enables organizations to contribute to society while also achieving operational goals. By prioritizing social responsibility, you can build trust with your stakeholders and leave a positive impact.

Do you want to understand how to combine purpose and profit and more effectively tackle global challenges? Explore our online business in society courses , including Sustainable Business Strategy and Business and Climate Change , to learn more about how business can be a catalyst for system-level change.

This post was updated on May 30, 2024. It was originally published on June 6, 2019.

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Social Responsibility And Good Governance Business Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

Disclaimer: This essay has been written and submitted by students and is not an example of our work. Please click this link to view samples of our professional work witten by our professional essay writers . Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of EssayCompany.

Social Responsibility and Good Governance are used interchangeably worldwide by individuals and corporations to show their associations with the activities carried out for the betterment of the society. Although from appearance the two terminologies similar in various aspects but there are huge differences between them when their basics are studied in detail; with the passage of time, the UK government has undertaken numerous legal decisions to support the concept of sustainability, good governance and social responsibility (BIAO, 2009).

According to Robinson and Dowson (2011), the social responsibility is described as an ethical theory in which an entity that can be an individual or an organisation has a responsibility of acting on behalf of the society. The social responsibility is considered as an obligation that every organisation or individual has to perform for keeping a balance between the ecosystem and the economy. The main purpose of the social responsibility is to ensure equilibrium between the environment and society; the government has to impose certain restrictions by developing code of business ethics that will allow every company and individual to fulfil its social responsibilities.

On the other hand, good governance is defined as the complete set of principles or rules that have to be developed with the passage of time for meeting new challenges in various areas such as quality, commerce, reputation, risk, probity, accountability and finance (Charity Commission, 2010). When the organisation's management started to get separated from its ownership, the concept of good governance began gaining entrance in the field of corporate world.

After the economic crisis hit the countries across the globe, the governments realised the need of developing corporate governance policies which are stricter than the existing ones and the businesses will have to ensure compliance with all of them. In the last few years, there has been growth in the need of fulfilment of social responsibilities which incorporated satisfying every stakeholder i.e. customers, suppliers, community, government, distributors, employees and others. All of these tasks have to be accomplished at both individuals and corporate level (Aras & Crowther, 2010).

In order to ensure that the social responsibility and good governance work together, there is a wide range of legal perspectives that have to be studied to understand in detail the effectiveness of these policies. The UK government has designed Code of Governance for various enterprises such as voluntary, commercial, community and social that is developed on six basic principles. Hence, the social responsibility and good governance are inter-linked that aim to give protection to the interests of the stakeholders so that they can get benefited from the decision making processes of existing entities especially corporations.

Social Responsibility

Social responsibility is a term that is used to explain the contract, either written or verbal, that a corporation is required to accomplish in its business environment. Every company has to ensure compliance with specific standards that are set by the customers, society and investors. While, majority of these compliances are available in the form of regulations, some others are practised in good faith of the citizens (Medrano & Penalver, 2011).

From an organisation's point of view, it is an obligation of the firm's management to make decisions and implement actions that will improvise the interest and welfare of the society. There are various level of social responsibilities that have to be supported by the organisations such as ethical, legal, discretionary and economic. The six key areas comprise of employees, customers, shareholders, government, community/environment and other groups or associations (Williamson & Lynch-Wood, 2008). The pyramid of the social responsibility is shown in the following figure:

Source: Arson and Crowther (2010)

Legal Perspective of Social Responsibility

It has been stated by Banff Executive Leadership Inc. (2010) that there is a huge range of inequality in the roles of various entities as they tend to fulfil their own claimed responsibilities. Although different corporations have varying roles but they have to ensure compliance with the rules that are set by the government such as civil rights of the citizens, provide human rights to the employees, offer authentic and genuine products and services to the customers, make available their financial statements to the investors for ensuring transparency, protecting the environment by carrying out activities in an environmental-friendly way and making valuable contribution in the country's economy (Thomson, Panwar & Hansen, 2010).

According to Golob, Podnar and Lah (2009), social responsibility is voluntary but there are certain restrictions that are imposed by the government in the form of laws and those areas fall in the category of legal responsibilities. One of the crucial legal requirements of every country is that the corporation should develop its Statement or Code of Ethics and ensure that the business practices are conducted in accordance to the ethical practices outlined by the government body.

Similarly, an organisation has to ensure that it does not exploit the rights of its employees by promoting the idea of equal employment opportunities, offering them minimum wages as implemented by the laws, developing healthy and safe working conditions, assisting them in turbulent times, presenting worthwhile solutions for health care and other facilities and avoiding any kind of discrimination within the business operations (Szimigan et al., 2011).

Since a company is liable to present the investors with information about the business activities with complete integrity, it has to fulfil its commitment of being accountable to every decision made by the management team. Similarly, it has to abide by the trust that the customers have in its offerings; the customers have the right to demand any explanation for the course of action undertaken by the company. The customers are willing to purchase those products more whose companies are involved in numerous corporate social responsibility activities especially the protection of nature and environment (Aras & Crowther, 2009).

One of the most important things that need to be given utmost attention is the compliance with the government regulations so that the official authorities do not intervene in the business activities too frequently. The UK government has set laws related to industrial relations, protection of employees, protection of customers, tax compliance, quality standards maintenance, competition policy, transparency principle and others so that every firm can ensure that it meets the social responsibility obligations effectively.

However, social responsibility has to be imposed by the government in the form of good governance so that the individuals and corporations are compelled to make significant contributions in the society.

Good Governance

The term 'good governance' has been used in the literature of international development for providing a framework to the public institutions about conducting the public affairs and simultaneously managing and effectively utilising the resources of the public. In simple words, governance is defined as the process of strategic decision making in which careful analysis of available options is done and ensured the decision is implemented appropriately (UNESCAP, 2012). It is further implied that the term 'governance' can be applied to local, national, corporate and corporate governance or even to the interactions that take place between various sectors of the society.

It is stated by Charity Commission (2012) that the concept of 'corporate governance' emerges as the model to do comparison among the unsuccessful economies or political bodies with those ones that have workable political bodies and economies. This concept mandates the government need of realising their obligations to the society and the governing bodies have to meet the needs of the masses as compared to the selected groups of society.

Generally, good governance is perceived to be a normative principle in administrative law in which the State is obliged to perform its roles in ways that will foster the values of responsiveness, decreased corruption and high efficiency for the civil society. This principle is largely defined in terms of its association with the statecraft. According to Bullivant et al. (2012), although the government is not held responsible for delivering of the goods but it has to ensure that the complete processes involved in the identification and delivery of these goods are tangible in terms of:

Developed in response to the demands of public.

Resources allocated in the production are entirely transparent

Goods will be distributed evenly throughout the country.

Moreover, The good governance concept has been implied to a large extent in the operations of both private and public sector organisations. In such a well-integrated manner, the decision making strategies in corporate world are assimilated with the core principle of good governance and ensure that interests of all stakeholders are taken into account effectively (Good Governance Code, 2012).

Legal Perspectives of Good Governance

In UK, the importance of good governance is deemed important in all sectors of the country i.e. private, public and voluntary. All the corporations especially voluntary and community organisations are driven by the altruistic values and they are working for the public benefit, they need to be governed by appropriate code of ethics that will ensure that they conduct their operations appropriately and are held accountable as well (Bullivant et al., 2012).

Over the past decades, some sectors have developed their codes of Good Governance such as Co-operatives UK, National Housing Federation and HEFCE. In 2004, the Good Governance Standard for Public Services was developed and introduced especially for the public sector. Similarly, the UK Corporate Governance Code was launched in the private sector; the work was undertaken by Greenbury, Higgs and Cadbury in response to the governance failures that were encountered by the business organisations as a result of recession in 2008 (Aras & Crowther, 2010).

Similarly, the Code for the Voluntary and Community sector was introduced in 2005 with the aim of providing guidance to the philanthropic organisations about carrying out their business activities in support of the community needs.

Principles of Good Governance

The importance of good governance lies in the fact that the government and other stakeholders have to collectively increase the efforts of improving the lives of citizens. According to the United Kingdom Department for International Development, cited by Ridley, D'Silva and Szombathelyi (2011), "good governance is not solely about the government; it comprises of the political parties, the media, civil society and the judiciary. The main areas that are addressed by this governance are the ways in which leaders, citizens and public institutions work together to bring changes within the community."

The three basic requirements of the good governance are as follows:

Capability of the state - The degree to which the government and leaders have the ability of getting the things done.

Accountability - The aptitude of the civil society, private sector and citizens to analyse the decisions of the government and public institutions and holding them accountable for their implemented steps. It provides the opportunity of changing leader by means of democracy.

Responsiveness - The extent to which the public institutions and policies respond to the citizens' needs and even endorse their rights (BIOA, 2009).

The primary eight characteristics of the good governance are shown in the following figure which is being effectively followed by the UK government to ensure that its governance methods are in compliance with the requirements of today's market:

Source: Aras & Crowther (2009)

In order to provide enhanced protection to each and every stakeholder, the UK Government has provided complete details about the governance rules that can be exercised by the companies, customer, employees, community, suppliers and many more. Following are some of the examples that demonstrate the government's initiatives to reinforce the implication of the concept of 'good governance':

Employees - Laws related to Health and safety at work, payroll, dismissing staff and redundancies, Statutory leave and time off, contracts of employment and working hours, recruiting and hiring and staff pensions.

Education and learning - Governance related to apprenticeships, admission to the schools and transport facility, school life and students finance, loans and universities.

Living in UK - Obligations related to British citizenship and moving to UK, Rights to vote, Living in the UK (government and democracy) and Coasts, country sides and creatures.

The UK government has developed various bodies such as government agencies and boards that ensure that the corporate governance in every sector is effectively followed. There are differed departments within the UK government body that ensures that the laws and regulations are effectively implemented (BIAO, 2009).

Linkage between SR and GG

As the countries worldwide are becoming aware of their responsibility towards their community and society, they are promoting the idea of strengthening the governance bodies so that they develop the policies that are favourable for everyone within the convergence. There is strong link between Social Responsibility and Good Governance because only with the help of authoritative bodies, the individuals and corporations can be forced to work for the benefits of the society and country as a whole (Williamson & Lynch-Wood, 2008).

Since the corporate governance was not strong in 2008 in UK, the government decided to reform its Code of Governance for various organisations by developing separate policies for the diverse range of types of businesses. Hence, good governance is vital in every phase of the social responsibility whether it is for the corporation environment or society in general or even the political setting. With the help of good governance, the public faith will increase and people will be more confident about the stability of the country's political situation.

When there is limited number of resources available for meeting the minimum expectations of the people, a good and effective governance can assist in flourishing the idea of social responsibility so that society's welfare can be promoted. Moreover, the corporate world will be able to conduct its business activities at minimal level of risk as it will be aware of the methods that have to be implemented to avoid any business related pitfalls (Bullivant et al., 2012).

Points of separation between SR and GG

The main point of separation between the two terminologies is that good governance can be easily measured by using the right tools and techniques which ensure that any modifications are quickly made. Whereas, the extent of social responsibility effectiveness cannot be assessed by utilising the measurement tools; hence, it becomes mandatory for the official bodies to ensure alignment between the good governance and social responsibility so that both of them can work along.

In some cases, the organisations are provided to support to promote the profit making objective but they have to make sure that they don't compromise on the quality of products or deny employees their rights. Sometimes, maintaining a balance between the two concepts becomes unmanageable. In addition to these aspects, the UK government is considered about developing a global governance system so that it can provide effective guidelines for the corporations that are working in international market. For instance, the government aims to provide employment opportunities to its citizens but it also needs to provide support to the organisations to make contribution in the country's economy.

Therefore, it can be said that the corporate governance and social responsibility have various separation points but they need to be inter-linked in an effective manner so that there are no problems for any stakeholders and everyone gets benefited with the government's good governance policy (Szmigin et al., 2011).

Critical review and analysis

As UK is also operating in the free market system, it will have to ensure that it creates a sustainable environment for the citizens, corporations and every stakeholder by making effective use of good governance tools. The legal bodies have started working on developing the relationship between good governance, social responsibility and sustainability so that the country can sustain for a long period despite negativity within the corporate world.

If the free market democracy has to be ensured, the system of sustainability has to be strengthened by developing a deep sense of responsibility towards the society. The citizens have to be made aware about their role in helping the government in fulfilling its social responsibilities along with providing appropriate and positive policies to the business players. In order to embed the social responsibility wisdom, the voters have to reassert the control over unchecked bureaucracies and lenient politicians who are not working too hard to develop an effective governance framework.

The legal framework needs to be updated frequently so that it takes into account the changing patterns of globalisation and industrial trends that are happening worldwide. Since corporations and government authorities can exploit the customer's right of freedom, the citizens have to become alert and protective about their freedom that has given them the prosperity and right of making decisions about their own lives.

Similarly, the society has to be prepared to make any sacrifices that are required for promotion the well-being of the society along with supporting the welfare of the associate citizens and continue to enhance the economy's competitiveness on global level. Similarly, the leaders of these free market democracies are developing their own beneficiary goals without considering the basic requirements of the citizens. These leaders have to ensure that they define the goals that are realistic and attainable goals and then gain support from the voters (Bullivant et al., 2012).

Hence, social responsibility and corporate governance are same concepts in various aspects. Every stakeholder in the country is equally responsible for the protection of their rights and have to ensure that they work together like a team. When everyone will share same responsibility about the whole society, then the laws developed will be effective and the country will prosper at an accelerating pace.

In the last few years, the social responsibility and good governance have become crucial aspects of the countries as they are the backbone for assisting it in effectively flourishing on the global level. Although the UK government and its legal bodies have ensured that they promote the social responsibility among citizens and corporations but they need to revitalise their political setting. It has become mandatory for the governance to be implemented properly so that it can maintain sustainability for unlimited time.

Moreover, it has been found that those countries who have citizens that are deeply committed to the social responsibility are able to sustain and prosper in this tough and challenging environment. The good governance schemes have to be strategically implemented that are in compliance with the social responsibility so that everyone within the country is able to reap the benefits of sustainability for immense time period.

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