much oder many homework

Much or Many – Usage, Difference & Examples

| Candace Osmond

Candace Osmond

Candace Osmond studied Advanced Writing & Editing Essentials at MHC. She’s been an International and USA TODAY Bestselling Author for over a decade. And she’s worked as an Editor for several mid-sized publications. Candace has a keen eye for content editing and a high degree of expertise in Fiction.

Back in my days as a line editor for authors, I saw the misuse of the terms “many” and “much” more times than I care to admit. Sure, they seem interchangeable, but I assure you they’re not. There’s a big difference between many and much and how you’re supposed to use them. But fret not! I’m here to explain things in a simple way that everyone can understand.

Much or Many: Are They the Same?

While you might find “much” and “many” often used in place of one another, there’s a key difference between them. Much” is meant to be used with uncountable nouns , and “many” is used with countable nouns .

• Uncountable: Much water
• Countable: Many bottles of water

Is Much Singular or Plural?

“Much” is always singular because it refers to one thing. But the word “many” is always plural because it refers to more than one thing.

You can’t say, “you have many respect for your elders,” it just doesn’t make sense, but you can say, “you have much respect for your elders.”

How Much vs. How Many

When you’re asking a question about the quantity of something, use “how much” with uncountable nouns and “how many” with countable nouns.

• Uncountable: How much water do you need? (The answer would be something like a lot, a bunch, etc.)
• Countable: How many bottles of water do you need? (The answer would be a number, aka countable.)

When to Use Much and Many

As I just explained, “much” should be used with uncountable nouns and countable nouns with “many.”

• Much: much homework, much sugar, much love
• Many: many dogs, many people, many ideas

Is It Much or Many Money?

“Money” is an uncountable noun, so you’d definitely use the word “much” rather than “many” in this case.

• Correct: Do you have much money?
• Incorrect: Do you have many money?

See how one just sounds weird?

Is It Much or Many Time?

I find “time” to be a bit trickier because it can be both countable and uncountable. When you’re talking about a specific amount of time, such as “five minutes,” use “many.”

• How many minutes before we can leave? (The answer would have a number.)

But when referring to time as a general or loose concept, use “much.”

• How much time has passed? (The answer could be a little or a lot. )

Is Much Used With a Countable Noun?

No, as I’ve explained above, “much” is not to be used with a countable noun. You’re meant to use it with uncountable nouns, which can’t be counted individually. Make sense?

Is Many Used With a Countable Noun?

Yes! “Many” is absolutely used with a countable noun.

Sentence Examples Using Much

• I don’t have much time to finish this project, so I need to focus and get it done.
• She has so much love for her family; you can see it in how she looks at them.
• How much sugar do you need for the cake recipe?
• My dad didn’t have much money to spend on the trip, so we packed a cooler full of food and snacks.

Sentence Examples Using Many

• How many books are on that shelf?
• How many people are coming to your party?
• She has many ideas for the project, and I can’t wait to hear them all.
• I drank too many cups of coffee this morning and can now see colors.

Don’t Worry Too Much

Countable and uncountable nouns can be tricky to grasp, but if you ask yourself, “Can I answer this with a number?” and the answer is yes, then you’ve got yourself a countable noun like “many.”

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• I have a lot of books in my bag.
• They drink lots of water .
• There are n't many tomatoes .
• I do n't eat much sugar .
• ‘ How much rice do you eat? ’   ‘ Quite a lot . ’
• ‘ How many potatoes are there? ’   ‘ Not many . ’
• ‘ How much money do you have? ’   ‘ None . ’
• I do n't have any money .
• He eats a lot of apples .
• I drink lots of milk .
• I eat quite a lot of apples . I eat quite lots of apples.
• I drink quite a lot of milk .
• We do n't have many books . ( = We have a small number. )
• I do n't have much money . ( = I have a small amount. )
• We do n't eat lots of potatoes .
• I do n't have a lot of time .
• How many books has she got?
• How many cars are there?
• How much money do you need?
• How much cheese do you eat?
• ‘ How many shops are there? ’   ‘ A few./Quite a lot./ A lot. ’
• ‘ How much homework do you have? ’   ‘ A little./None. ’
• ‘ How many shops are there? ’   ‘ There are quite a lot of shops . ’
• ‘ How much money have you got? ’   ‘ I have n't got any money . ’
• ‘ How much meat do you eat? ’   ‘ None ./I do n't eat any meat. ’
• ‘ How much money is there? ’   ‘ None ./There's no money. ’
• Practice 1   Gap-fill
• Practice 2   Gap-fill
• Practice 3   Gap-fill
• Practice 4   Gap-fill
• Practice 5   Gap-fill
• Practice 6   Gap-fill
• Practice 7   Gap-fill
• Practice 8   Gap-fill
• Practice 9   Multiple choice

much or many – Test

Task nr. 2439.

Is much or many used before the given phrase?

• much many dirt
• much many traffic
• much many birds
• much many teachers
• much many cups
• much many sweets
• much many fruit
• much many smartphones
• much many sand
• much many cornflakes
• You are here:

• many or  much  — Exercise 1
• 1. I don’t eat bread. much
• 2. He drank so wine that he couldn't drive. much
• 3. Susan has friends in the USA. many
• 4. I'm sorry, but I don't have time. much
• 5. I have never seen so birds in the sky. many
• 6. There were cars on the road. many
• 7. Emma wants to lose some weight, so she doesn't eat food. much
• 8. houses in my street look the same. many
• 9. Not people know that I've decided to move to Australia. many
• 10. There isn't space in my flat. much
• 11. My daughter has toys. many
• 12. I don't drink coffee lately. much
• 13. How money did you spend yesterday? much
• 14. I see maple trees out of my window. many
• 15. I've put too salt in the soup. much
• many or  much  — Exercise 2
• many or  much  — Exercise 3
• many or  much  — Exercise 4
• Change into plural — Exercise 1
• Change into plural — Exercise 2

Much and Many

Ai generator.

In English, “Much” and “Many” are quantifiers used to indicate a large amount of something, but they are used differently based on the type of noun they’re quantifying. “Much” is used with uncountable nouns, which are items that we cannot count individually, such as “water,” “sand,” or “information.” For example, you might say, “I don’t have much time.” On the other hand, “many” is used with countable nouns, which refer to items that can be counted, like “books,” “cars,” or “people.” An example would be, “There are many stars in the sky.” Understanding the distinction between “much” and “many” is essential for expressing quantities accurately in English.

Much and Many – Meaning

Much: Much refers to a large quantity or degree of something that is not countable. It is used with singular, uncountable nouns to describe a large amount of a substance, concept, or abstract quality. Much is often used in questions, negative statements, or with “too,” “so,” “as,” and “very” to express the idea of a large amount of something that cannot be counted. For example, one might say, “There is much interest in the upcoming election,” or, “I don’t have much time to finish this project.” Many: Many refers to a large number of items, people, or entities that can be counted. It is used with plural, countable nouns to denote a significant quantity of individual items or units. Many is commonly used in both affirmative and negative sentences, as well as questions, to indicate a high number of countable things. For example, one could say, “Many people attended the concert,” or, “There aren’t many cookies left in the jar.”

The primary distinction between “much” and “many” lies in their application to different types of nouns. “Much” is used to quantify uncountable nouns, referring to a large quantity of something that cannot be individually counted, such as water, happiness, or sand. On the other hand, “many” is used with countable nouns, indicating a large number of individual items or entities that can be counted, like books, cars, or people. Understanding the difference is crucial for accurate expression in English, as it helps convey the extent of quantity or volume with precision, whether it’s something tangible and countable or abstract and uncountable.

How To Pronounce Much and Many

Pronouncing English words correctly can significantly impact your clarity and understanding in communication. Here are simple guidelines to help you pronounce “Much” and “Many” correctly.

• Phonetic Spelling: /mʌtʃ/
• Pronunciation Tips: The word “much” begins with the /m/ sound, where your lips come together. Following that is the /ʌ/ sound, similar to the ‘u’ in “cut” or “hut.” Finally, it ends with a /tʃ/ sound, which is the same sound you hear at the end of “watch” or “catch.” The tongue lightly touches the roof of the mouth behind the teeth, and then a short, sharp sound is produced.
• Phonetic Spelling: /ˈmɛni/
• Pronunciation Tips: “Many” starts with the /ˈm/ sound, just like “much.” The difference comes with the vowel sound /ɛ/, which is like the ‘e’ in “bed” or “pet.” It ends with the /ni/ part, where the ‘n’ is pronounced as usual in English, and the ‘i’ is similar to the ‘ee’ in “see” or “bee.” The sound is somewhat longer and ends with a clear, distinct ‘ee’ sound.

Difference Between Much and Many

Tricks to remember “much” and “many”.

Understanding when to use “much” and “many” can enhance your English language skills significantly. Here are some easy tricks to remember the difference:

For “Much”:

• M emorize the U se with N on-Countable C oncepts: Think of “MUCH” as standing for “ M easurable U nits for C oncepts and H 2O (water).” This mnemonic helps you recall that “much” is used for things that cannot be counted individually, such as abstract concepts (love, happiness) or substances (water, sand).
• Visualize Liquid: Since “much” is often used with substances that can be poured or are fluid in nature (like water, coffee, air), picturing a liquid can help remind you that “much” is the word to use with uncountable nouns.

For “Many”:

• Count on “Many”: Simply remember that “many” has the same number of letters as “count,” and it’s used for things you can count. This can help you associate “many” with countable nouns.
• Visualize a Crowd: Think of “many” as a way to describe groups of countable items or people. Picturing a crowd or a bunch of objects can trigger your memory to use “many” when referring to countable nouns.

By employing these tricks and visual cues, you can quickly recall whether to use “much” or “many” in a sentence, improving both your written and spoken English accuracy.

When to Use Much and Many

Understanding when to use “much” and “many” is essential for expressing quantity accurately in English. Here’s a guide to help distinguish between these two quantifiers:

Use “Much” When:

• Referring to Uncountable Nouns: Use “much” for singular, uncountable nouns, which are things that you cannot count individually. These include abstract concepts (like love, information, or happiness) and substances or materials (such as water, sand, or air). Example: There isn’t much sugar left in the jar.
• In Questions and Negative Sentences: “Much” is commonly used in questions and negative statements, especially when talking about quantity or degree. Example: How much time do we have to complete this?

Use “Many” When:

• Referring to Countable Nouns: Use “many” with plural, countable nouns, which are items or entities that you can count individually. These include objects, people, and animals. Example: There are many books on the shelf.
• In Affirmative, Negative Sentences, and Questions: Unlike “much,” “many” is used freely in affirmative sentences, as well as in negative sentences and questions. Example: There are many ways to solve this problem.

How to Use “Much” and “Many”

“much” and “many” are quantifiers used to express the amount or quantity of something. Their correct use depends on the type of noun they’re describing—whether the noun is countable or uncountable. Here are guidelines to help you use these words accurately in sentences.

Using “Much”:

• With Uncountable Nouns: Use “much” for singular, uncountable nouns, which typically refer to things that you cannot count individually. This includes substances (like water, air, sugar), concepts (such as time, advice, information), and abstract ideas (like happiness, freedom).
• In Questions and Negative Statements: “Much” is often used in questions and negative sentences, although it can appear in affirmative sentences when combined with too, so, very, and as.

Using “Many”:

• With Countable Nouns: Use “many” for plural, countable nouns, which are items or entities you can count individually. This category includes things like books, people, cars, and houses.
• In Affirmative, Questions, and Negative Sentences: Unlike “much,” “many” can be used freely in affirmative sentences, in addition to questions and negatives.

Examples of Much and Many

Examples of “Much”

• How much money do you need for the trip?
• I haven’t seen much progress in this project lately.
• There’s too much noise in the city at night.
• We don’t have much time before the meeting starts.
• After the storm, there was much damage to repair.

Examples of “Many”

• How many guests are we expecting at the party?
• She has visited many countries around the world.
• Many people prefer to shop online rather than in-store.
• We faced many challenges during the project’s development.
• There were many stars visible in the sky last night.

Synonyms For Much and Many

Fill in the blank with the correct form of much and many.

• How ____________ sugar do you need for the cake?
• There are ____________ reasons why I love reading.
• We haven’t seen ____________ snow this winter.
• ____________ people believe that starting the day early is beneficial.
• I don’t have ____________ time to finish this project today.
• There were ____________ stars visible in the sky last night.
• How ____________ water does this plant require?
• ____________ students in the class passed the exam with good grades.
• She has ____________ patience when it comes to teaching new skills.
• There aren’t ____________ cookies left in the jar.

How Do You Teach Many and Much?

To teach “many” and “much,” focus on countability. “Many” is for countable nouns (books, cars), and “much” is for uncountable nouns (water, information). Use visual aids and examples to differentiate between countable and uncountable nouns, reinforcing with exercises.

Is Homework Much or Many?

Homework is uncountable; therefore, the correct form is “much.” You would say, “I have too much homework this weekend,” because homework cannot be counted individually.

What Is the Rule of Much and Many?

The rule for “much” and “many” centers on noun countability. Use “much” with uncountable nouns to denote a large quantity and “many” with countable nouns to indicate a large number. Remember, “much” often appears in questions and negative statements, while “many” is used more broadly.

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English Grammar

A LOT OF -  MUCH  - MANY

Words to express quantities, amounts and degree..

• We learned a lot of   new English words.
• We didn't learn a lot of  grammar.
• Did you learn a lot of  English expressions?
• The new owner made a lot of money on the stock market.
• Charlie's got lots of money and he's generous with it.
• Tom knows a lot of vocabulary.
• Charlie is talkative. He talks a lot .
• I don't know much English yet.
• Do you get much homework to do?
• I don't know many words yet.
• Do you get many exercises to do?
• Many people believe all they hear.
• Much of what was said was confusing.
• There was much noise .
• There was so much noise that I couldn’t hear very well.
• We ate many cherries .
• You can eat as many cherries as you like.
• They gave us much information .
• They gave us too much information.
• I enjoyed the film very much.
• In formal or written English. In affirmative sentences much and many are more often used in formal or written English, whereas a lot of / lots of  are more common in informal conversation. In newspaper reports and headlines, for example, much and many are generally used.
• The results of the elections led to much concern.
• There are many books available on the subject.
• Much of his life was devoted to humanitarian causes.
• Not many of the witnesses could describe the attacker.

MUCH vs TOO MUCH

QUICK SUMMARY OF THE USE OF  'a lot', 'a lot of', 'much' and 'many':

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Much, Many, and A lot – Easy English grammar (Video-Quiz-PDF)

The words MUCH, MANY, and A LOT (LOTS) show there is a large amount of something. Much is used with uncountable nouns. (smoke, water, money, etc.) Many is used with plural countable nouns. (cars, sunglasses, people, etc.) A lot (Lots) can be used with both countable and uncountable nouns.

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MUCH, MANY, and A LOT

This blog post will help you understand this grammar with images and lots of examples. Also,  improve your listening and pronunciation skills with the MUCH vs. MANY video at the end of the post. Soon you’ll be sounding just like a native speaker!

• MUCH rules and examples
• MANY rules and examples
• A LOT OF (LOTS OF) – rules and examples
• Countable Vs. Uncountable (Groups Vs. Items)
• Too much – Too many
• So much – So many
• Bonus #1 – Quiz
• Bonus #2 – PDF Download
• Bonus #3 – Much Many and A Lot infographic

MUCH is used with nouns we cannot count. Words like smoke, water, money , help .

• There is too much smoke in this restaurant.

MUCH is most often used in negative sentences. Too much or not much of something.

Saying “I have much money .” is not natural.

• I drank too much beer last night at the party!
• Kyle would like to travel more, but he doesn’t have much money .
• Sorry, I’m not much help .

MANY is used with the plural forms of nouns we can count. Words like: cars, sunglasses, people

• There are many people on this train.
• There are too many cars on the road. Public transportation is better for the environment.
• I have many apps on my iPhone.

*Apps is the plural form of the countable noun ‘app.’ It’s short for a software application.

Lot also shows a large amount of something. A LOT and LOTS have the same meaning, they are usually followed by OF, and they can be used with both countable and uncountable nouns. 

• He has lots of money. (Money is an uncountable noun)
• There are a lot of people on this train (People is the plural form of the countable noun person).

Difference #1 . A LOT OF is only telling you the size or amount of something whereas TOO MANY or TOO MUCH has a more negative feeling. It’s more than you need. A LOT doesn’t have this negative feeling.

Difference #2 . A LOT is not used with measurements of time or distance. For example, we can say “My school is many kilometers from my house.” But we would never say “My school is a lot of kilometers from my house.” X

• The captain spent many months away from his family. *Not a lot of months

Difference #3 . As an adverb, A LOT is rarely used in negative sentences. MUCH is better in these sentences.

• Pete lies to people, I don’t like him very much .

Positive sentences are fine.

• Jason is a nice guy, I like him a lot .

Countable Vs. Uncountable

Countable nouns are nouns that we can count, this means that they have a plural form.

Dogs is the plural form of the countable noun dog.

Children is the plural form of the countable noun child.

Uncountable nouns are nouns that we cannot count, they do not have a plural form. 

Uncountable noun examples:

Nouns that are liquid

coffee, glue, toothpaste, etc.

• If I drink too much coffee it’s hard to sleep.

*So far, we have used the uncountable noun examples water , beer , and coffee . You can guess that anything we drink is uncountable .

• Can you stop at the drugstore and buy some toothpaste ? We don’t have much left.

*Ice cream is not a liquid but we don’t count it. Ice cream is an uncountable noun .

• The restaurant had an all-you-can-eat ice cream bar so I ate much ice cream. This is incorrect. Using A LOT OF is better in this sentence. 
• The restaurant had an all-you-can-eat ice cream bar so I ate A LOT OF ice cream.

Nouns that are gas

smoke, steam, etc.

• Can we have a table in the back? There is not much smoke there.
• I don’t like the sauna at my gym. There is too much steam .

Nouns that are very small and act as a group

sand, rice, etc.

• We’re going to the beach but wear your shoes, the beach is mostly rocks. There is not much sand .
• The beef curry at this restaurant has just a few pieces of meat and too much rice .

Nouns that are categories

music, art, furniture, etc.

• When I was younger, I listened to a lot of music. Now I don’t listen to much music at all.
• My hometown had a very small museum. There was never much art to see there.

Other examples of uncountable nouns that you might hear with MUCH

luck, traffic, bread, hair, money.

• My brother and I went fishing this morning but we didn’t have much luck . I only caught 2 fish and they were quite small.
• I like to get to the office before 7:00. It’s quiet in the morning and there is not much traffic on the roads.
• My aunt makes delicious bread , but I always eat too much .
• When Ian was younger he had a lot of hair but now he doesn’t have very much .

Countable Vs. Uncountable Groups Vs. Items

Here is a chart with some countable and uncountable word pairs that describe groups ( uncountable ) and things ( countable ) are part of that group.

Groups – uncountable

Things in group – countable.

• Chair, table, sofa
• Chance, accident
• Car, van, motorcycle
• Dollar, Euro

Too MUCH – Too MANY

The adverb TOO is used to show that the amount of something is more than is good, necessary, possible, etc. This is a negative feeling.

TOO is used before adjectives and adverbs:

We arrived at the hotel 3 hours before check-in. We are TOO early.

• We arrived earlier than necessary. (Early is an adjective)

When TOO is used before much and many it is stressing that amount of the noun that follows it is more than is good, necessary, possible, etc.

I put too much sugar in my coffee this morning. I couldn’t finish it. (The amount of sugar is more than I needed, it had a negative effect on the coffee.)

TOO can be used with both much and many.

There are too many cars on the road.

I wanted to take a walk in the woods but there are too many mosquitoes tonight.

Thanks to Cambridge English .

So MUCH So MANY

Below is a quote from my SO and SUCH blog post (with video)

SO can be used with the determiners much, many, little, and few to make these words stronger. In English grammar, a determiner is a word that comes before a noun to show how the noun is being used.

• Greg has so much responsibility at work. I feel bad for him, he works overtime every day.

The noun responsibility is uncountable.

• There are so many rules at my school.

Rules is a plural countable noun.

MUCH or MANY QUIZ 8 questions – Test your English

Much, many, and a lot infographic.

MUCH, MANY, and A LOT Conclusion

Remember that MUCH is used with uncountable nouns usually in negative sentences. MANY is used with countable nouns in both positive and negative sentences. A LOT OF can be used with both countable and uncountable nouns.

Thanks for reading my post. Use this grammar correctly and sound like a native speaker when you use English.

11-page MUCH, MANY, and A LOT PDF Download (the PDF includes a new quiz!)

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much many - English online exercises

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Much many rules, examples

much many a lot of / lots of

Much or many ?

Much with uncountable nouns.

Use much with singular nouns.

How much homework do we get? How much money do I need? How much milk do you want? Is there much sugar in my tea?

Many with countable nouns

Use many with plurals.

How many sisters does he have? How many pupils are in this class? How many books do you buy? How many cows live on this farm?

Much and many are used in questions an negatives. In affirmative sentences prefer a lot of/ lots of.

a lot of / lots of

Use a lot of or lots of for nouns, you cannot count and for plurals. These adverbs of quantity refer to frequency, quantity and degree. For countable and uncountable nouns use exact quantities in your answer or use a lot of   / lots of . Examples: I've got 10 pens. I'v got a lot of pens.

Examples and sentences a lot of, lots of

There are 10 pupils . There are a lot of cookies. They have got a lot of CDs. There are a lot of things on your table. We have got lots of money.

Much many exercises

01 much or many - exercises 02 much or many - exercises 03 much or many - exercises 04 much or many? 05 much or many? 06 much or many with rules 07 much and many

Much many examples

Much many with explanations, examples and exercises. Change the following sentences into much many and learn with English online exercises.

Free tutorial much many. English much many exercises. English grammar easy to learn.  英语在线练习. Ejercicios en linea ingles. Exercicios das aulas de Ingles gratis online, exercicios de vocabularios, gramatica inglesa.

Many or Much (Countable or Uncountable)

Multiple-choice exercise, 'countable' and 'uncountable' words - much - many.

Show all questions

• How ______ luggage did you bring to England? Check Show answer
• How ______ time do you spend watching TV? Check Show answer
• How ______ books do you read? Check Show answer
• How ______ jobs have you had? Check Show answer
• How ______ meat do you eat? Check Show answer
• How ______ fish do you eat? Check Show answer
• How ______ rice do you eat? Check Show answer
• How ______ brothers and sisters have you got? Check Show answer
• How ______ nephews or nieces have you got? Check Show answer
• How ______ children have you got? Check Show answer
• How ______ mountains are there in your country? Check Show answer
• How ______ wind do you get in your country? Check Show answer
• How ______ snow do you get in your country? Check Show answer
• How ______ sunshine do you get in your country? Check Show answer
• How ______ unemployment there in your country? Check Show answer
• How ______ homeless people are there in your country? Check Show answer
• How ______ crime is there in your country? Check Show answer
• How ______ English have you studied? Check Show answer
• How ______ English people have you met? Check Show answer
• How ______ photos will you take during your time in England? Check Show answer

[Mit lösungen] Much oder Many Übungen im Englischen

Exercise: much – many – a lot of – Much oder Many Übungen im Englischen

Merkwissen How much? (Wie viel?) / How many (Wie viele?)

How much (Wie viel?)

Wir benutzen „How much“ bei nichtzählbaren Nomen (Nomen ohne Plural) wie z.B milk, water, food, …

How much food do we need? Wie viel Essen benötigen wir?

How many (Wie viele?)

Wir benutzen „How many“ bei zählbaren Nomen (Nomen mit Plural) wie z.B. an apple, two apples.

How many tomatoes have we got? Wie viele Tomaten haben wir?

Merkwissen a little (ein wenig) / a few (ein paar, einige)

a little (ein wenig)

Wir benutzen „a little“ bei nichtzählbaren Nomen.

Would you like a little water? Möchtest du ein wenig Wasser?

a few (ein paar, einige)

Wir benutzen „a few“ bei zählbaren Nomen.

Can I have a few tomatoes, please? Kann ich ein paar /einige Tomaten haben?

Much oder Many Übungen im Englischen

Fill in the correct words:       much – many – a few – few – fewer –  a little –  little – less

Useful Phrases for Discussions & Comments [Einfach Erklärt]

It was raining, and there weren’t _______________ people in the streets.

He is a good runner; _____________ men are faster than him.

Would you like _______________ more meat ?

Hurry up! There’s __________________ time left !

Do you remember how __________________ coal we ordered ?

The Blakes have got ________________ children than the Crofts .

We buy very _____ books because we have very ______ time for reading.

That bottle is half empty, but there is even ________________ in this one.

_____________ boys do all their homework. They only do __________ .

Will you give me ________ money to buy _______sweets ?

Independent of, from oder to? [Welche Präposition ?]

It was raining, and there weren’t many   people in the streets.

He is a good runner; Few   men are faster than him.

Would you like a little   more meat ?

Hurry up! There`s little   time left !

Do you remember how much    coal we ordered ?

The Blakes have got fewer  children than the Crofts .

We buy very many/few    books because we have very much / little time for reading.

That bottle is half empty, but there is even less     in this one.

Few boys do all their homework. They only do  a little.

Will you give me a little  money to buy  a few    sweets ?

Sagt man In oder at the beginning ?

Translation training: much / many

!Translate the German sentences into English

Sir und Mam ? Wie kann man diese verwenden?

• Wie viel Geld hast du ?
• John hat zu viel Geld !
• Wie viele Freunde hat Phil ?
• Wie viel Sport macht Tom jede Woche ?
• Wie viele Stunden hat Tom montags in der Schule ?
• Wie viele Brüder hat Ann ?
• Jennifer schaut viel Fernsehen.
• Wie viel Fernsehen schaut Jennifer ?
• Wie viel kostet das Computerspiel ?
• Wie viele Bücher hast du?

What`s missing ? : ! Fill in much or many

• _________ cars 15. _________ cheese
• _________ music          16. _________ children
• _________ pictures    17. _________ time
• _________ flowers    18. _________ hours
• _________ milk          19. _________ kilometer
• _________ numbers    20. _________ butter
• _________ money      21. _________ words
• _________ tea   22. _________ lessons
• _________ girls   23. _________ water
• _________ pencils 24. _________ brothers
• _________ food 25. _________ salt
• _________ websites 26. _________ friends
• _________ sugar 27. _________ hair
• _________ women 28. _________ stars
• How much money have you got ?
• John has too much money!
• How many friends has Phil got ?
• How much sport does Tom do every week ?
• How many lessons…. ?
• How many brothers has Ann got ?
• Jennifer watches too much TV.
• How much TV does Jennifer watch ?
• How much is the computer game ?
• How many books have you got ?

! Fill in much or many

• many cars                          15.   much  cheese
• much music                         16.  m any  children
• many pictures                    17.   much  time
• many flowers                     18.  m any  hours
• much milk                          19.   many   kilometers
• many numbers                    20.  m uch  butter
• much money                        21.   many   words
• much tea                            22.   many   lessons
• many girls                         23.   much  water
• many pencils 24. many  brothers
• much food 25.   much  salt
• many websites 26.   many  friends
• much sugar 27.   much  hair
• many women 28.   many  stars

MUCH oder MANY – A LOT OF

Use “much” or “many” for “a lot of”!

• a) There were a lot of people at the concert. There were many people at the concert.
• b) There was a lot of sugar in my coffee. There was much sugar in my coffee.
• c) I saw a lot of frogs near the lake. I saw many frogs near the lake.
• d) We had a lot of fun! We had much fun.
• e) He ate a lot of ice cream. We ate much ice cream.
• f) Oh no, there is a lot of snow outside! Oh no, there is much snow outside!
• g) There were a lot of pupils at the zoo. There were many pupils at the zoo.
• h) He had a lot of chocolate in his bag. He had much chocolate in his bag.
• i) She had a lot of love letters in this box. She had many love letters in this box.
• j) They drink a lot of water. They drink much water.
• k) I bought a lot of coke for the party.
• l) I bought much coke for the party.

Much oder Many & A Lot Of

Regel :            

• much (viel) wird bei nicht zählbaren Singular-Substantiven genutzt
• many (viele) wird bei zählbaren Plural-Substantiven genutzt

Much/Many werden meist in Fragen und Verneinungen genutzt. In positiven Sätzen, nimmt man meist a lot of . Nach too, as und so nimmt man aber nur much oder many .

A) Decide whether it is a countable or an uncountable noun! Write them down in the table. Translate any nouns you don’t know!

Information, homework, table, fun, cat, rice, child, hair, advice, salt, air, hand, pen, butter, milk, penny, bread, money, foot, hat, eye, game, pullover, scissors,

Write one sentence with each word from the table into your folder! Use the right form, either much , many or a lot of .

Put in much, many or a lot of.

• How is the bread?
• I have so homework to
• There aren’t children at the
• My sister eats
• They haven’t got time
• He listens to
• He listens to so
• Do you have cats at home?
• My aunt hasn’t got hats in her closet.

Much, Many and A Lot Of (Lösungen)

•   much (viel) wird bei nicht zählbaren Singular-Substantiven genutzt

Much/Many werden meist in Fragen und Verneinungen genutzt. In positiven Sätzen, nimmt man meist a lot of. Nach too, as und so nimmt man aber nur much oder many .

I nformation, homework, table, fun, cat, rice, child, hair, advice, salt, air, hand, pen, butter, milk, penny, bread, money, foot, hat, eye, game, pullover, scissors, food

  Write one sentence with each word from the table into your folder! Use the right form, either much , many or a lot of .

 Put in much, many or a lot of.

• How   much     is the bread?
• I have so   much     homework to
• There aren’t  many     children at the
• My sister eats   a lot of    
• They haven’t got much       time
• He listens to a lot of      
• He listens to so   much    
• Do you have   many     cats at home?
• My aunt hasn’t got  many     hats in her

Much/Many/some/any

Much/Many                       

Much und Many sind Mengenangaben.

Allerdings wird much bei nichtzählbaren Nomen verwendet, wie z.B. Wasser, Luft, Zucker,.. .

Many hingegen gebraucht man bei zählbaren Nomen, wie z.B. Auto, Zimmer, Wand, … .

Some/Any                              

Any wird in Fragen und Verneinnungen gebraucht, some in bejahten Aussagen.

Übungen                                     

Last Friday Derek went into the supermarket and there he met his neighbour Fred.

Fred: “ Hey, are you going to buy so ________(much/many) bananas and oranges?”

Derek: “Yes, I want to make _______ cakes for my mom’s birthday party. She has invited eighty persons.

Fred: “Show me your paper! Oh, you ______ (have / had / has to) buy thirty ice-creams? So ________?

Derek: “Yes. I have to.

Fred: “ What do you think? Does your mum need ______ (any/some) hamburgers?”

Derek: “Not so _______ (much/many)! But she’ll be happy!”

Übungen zum “going to” future                        

• Ralph – go – supermarket.
• Peter – to meet + to talk – his teacher.
• Mr McCan – to correct – tests – tomorrow.
• The pupil – to have – 20,00 € – next week.
• In three years –  I – to have – lap top.
• The team – to play –– three times per week –  from  next week on.
• Most children – to be – a policeman / a football player.
• The Albert Family– to walk – in the forest.
•  Mr Laukötter ‘s family – to build – a house.
• Marcel – to become – a famous drawer.
•  Class 10b – to be – best class of school in football.
• Ecko fresh – to become – “king of Germany”.
• Pelle – to work – as a carpenter.
• The farmer – to let – the cattle on the field.
• The German chancellor – to reduce – unemployment.

Fred: “ Hey, are you going to buy so many(much/many) bananas and oranges?”

Derek: “Yes, I want to make many cakes for my mom’s birthday party. She has invited eighty persons.

Fred: “Show me your paper! Oh, you have buy thirty ice-creams? So many?

Fred: “ What do you think? Does your mum need any hamburgers?”

Derek: “Not so many. But she’ll be happy!”

Übungen zum “going to” future

• Ralph is going to go supermarket.
• Peter ist going to  meet and to talk to  his teacher.
• Mr McCan is going to correct the tests for tomorrow.
• The pupil are going to have  20,00 €  next week.
• In three years  I am going to have a lap top.
• The team is going to play  three times per week  from  next week on.
• Most children are going to be  a policeman or a football player.
• The Albert Family is/are going to walk in the forest.
•  Mr Laukötter ‘s family is going to build a house.
• Marcel is going to become a famous drawer.
•  Class 10b is going to be the best class of school in football.
• Ecko fresh is going to become “king of Germany”.
• Pelle is going to work as a carpenter.
• The farmer os going to let the cattle on the field.
• The German chancellor is going to reduce unemployment.

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How Much Homework Do American Kids Do?

Various factors, from the race of the student to the number of years a teacher has been in the classroom, affect a child's homework load.

In his Atlantic essay , Karl Taro Greenfeld laments his 13-year-old daughter's heavy homework load. As an eighth grader at a New York middle school, Greenfeld’s daughter averaged about three hours of homework per night and adopted mantras like “memorization, not rationalization” to help her get it all done. Tales of the homework-burdened American student have become common, but are these stories the exception or the rule?

A 2007 Metlife study found that 45 percent of students in grades three to 12 spend more than an hour a night doing homework, including the six percent of students who report spending more than three hours a night on their homework. In the 2002-2003 school year, a study out of the University of Michigan found that American students ages six through 17 spent three hours and 38 minutes per week doing homework.

A range of factors plays into how much homework each individual student gets:

Older students do more homework than their younger counterparts.

This one is fairly obvious: The National Education Association recommends that homework time increase by ten minutes per year in school. (e.g., A third grader would have 30 minutes of homework, while a seventh grader would have 70 minutes).

Studies have found that schools tend to roughly follow these guidelines: The University of Michigan found that students ages six to eight spend 29 minutes doing homework per night while 15- to 17-year-old students spend 50 minutes doing homework. The Metlife study also found that 50 percent of students in grades seven to 12 spent more than an hour a night on homework, while 37 percent of students in grades three to six spent an hour or more on their homework per night. The National Center for Educational Statistics found that high school students who do homework outside of school average 6.8 hours of homework per week.

Race plays a role in how much homework students do.

Asian students spend 3.5 more hours on average doing homework per week than their white peers. However, only 59 percent of Asian students’ parents check that homework is done, while 75.6 percent of Hispanic students’ parents and 83.1 percent of black students’ parents check.

Teachers with less experience assign more homework.

The Metlife study found that 14 percent of teachers with zero to five years of teaching experience assigned more than an hour of homework per night, while only six percent of teachers with 21 or more years of teaching experience assigned over an hour of homework.

Math classes have homework the most frequently.

The Metlife study found that 70 percent of students in grades three to 12 had at least one homework assignment in math. Sixty-two percent had at least one homework assignment in a language arts class (English, reading, spelling, or creative writing courses) and 42 percent had at least one in a science class.

Regardless of how much homework kids are actually doing every night, most parents and teachers are happy with the way things are: 60 percent of parents think that their children have the “right amount of homework,” and 73 percent of teachers think their school assigns the right amount of homework.

Students, however, are not necessarily on board: 38 percent of students in grades seven through 12 and 28 percent of students in grades three through six report being “very often/often” stressed out by their homework.

much oder many? (Video)

In diesem Video wird erklärt, wann man im Englischen 'much' und wann 'many' benutzt. Du lernst die Unterschiede zwischen den beiden Mengenangaben und bekommst Beispiele, wie du sie korrekt in Sätzen verwendest. So kannst du in Zukunft richtig zählen und besser kommunizieren.

Beliebte Inhalte aus dem Bereich Rechtschreibung Englisch

• since oder for? Dauer: 03:38
• some und any Dauer: 03:33

Weitere Inhalte: Rechtschreibung Englisch

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Is It Better to Rent or Buy? A Financial Calculator.

By Mike Bostock ,  Shan Carter ,  Archie Tse and Francesca Paris May 10, 2024

The choice between buying a home and renting one is among the biggest financial decisions that many adults make. But the costs of buying are more varied and complicated than for renting, making it hard to tell which is a better deal. To help you answer this question, our calculator, which was updated in May 2024 to reflect current tax law, takes the most important costs associated with buying or renting and compares the two options. Note that the “winning choice” is the one that makes more financial sense over the long run, not necessarily what you can afford today. And there are plenty of reasons you might want to rent or buy that are not financial — all we can help you with is the numbers.

To view this feature, please use a newer browser like Chrome , Firefox or Internet Explorer 9 or later.

The calculator keeps a running tally of the most common expenses of owning and renting. It also takes into account something known as opportunity cost — for example, the return you could have earned by investing your money. (Instead of spending it on a down payment, for example.) The calculator assumes that the profit you would have made in your investments would be taxed as long-term capital gains and adjusts the bottom line accordingly. The calculator tabulates opportunity costs for all parts of buying and renting. All figures are in current dollars.

Tax law regarding deductions can have a significant effect on the relative benefits of buying. The calculator assumes that the house-related tax provisions in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 will expire after 2025, as written into law. Congress might, however, extend the cuts in their original form, or extend and modify them. You can use the toggle to see how your results may vary if the tax cuts are renewed in full, to get a sense of how big the tax impact might be on your decision.

Initial costs are the costs you incur when you go to the closing for the home you are purchasing. This includes the down payment and other fees.

Recurring costs are expenses you will have to pay monthly or yearly in owning your home. These include mortgage payments; condo fees (or other community living fees); maintenance and renovation costs; property taxes; and homeowner’s insurance. A few items are tax deductible, up to a point: property taxes; the interest part of the mortgage payment; and, in some cases, a portion of the common charges. The resulting tax savings are accounted for in the buying total. If your house-related deductions are similar to or smaller than the standard deduction, you’ll get little or no relative tax savings from buying. If your house-related deductions are large enough to make itemizing worthwhile, we only count as savings the amount above the standard deduction.

Opportunity costs are calculated for the initial purchase costs and for the recurring costs. That will give you an idea of how much you could have made if you had invested your money instead of buying your home.

Net proceeds is the amount of money you receive from the sale of your home minus the closing costs, which includes the broker’s commission and other fees, the remaining principal balance that you pay to your mortgage bank and any tax you have to pay on profit that exceeds your capital gains exclusion. If your total is negative, it means you have done very well: You made enough of a profit that it covered not only the cost of your home, but also all of your recurring expenses.

Initial costs include the rent security deposit and, if applicable, the broker’s fee.

Recurring costs include the monthly rent and the cost of renter’s insurance.

Opportunity costs are calculated each year for both your initial costs and your recurring costs.

Net proceeds include the return of the rental security deposit, which typically occurs at the end of a lease.

From The Upshot: What the Data Says

Analysis that explains politics, policy and everyday life..

10 Years, 100 Stories: Ten years ago, The New York Times introduced the Upshot. Here’s a collection of its most distinctive work  from the last decade.

Rent or Buy? : The choice between buying a home and renting one is among the biggest financial decisions that many adults make. Our calculator can help .

Employment Discrimination: Researchers sent 80,000 fake résumés to some of the largest companies in the United States. They found that some discriminated against Black applicants much more than others .

N.Y.C. Neighborhoods: We asked New Yorkers to map their neighborhoods and to tell us what they call them . The result, while imperfect, is an extremely detailed map of the city .

Dialect Quiz:  What does the way you speak say about where you’re from? Answer these questions to find out .

Introducing the ultimate Copilot+ PCs – The all-new Surface Pro and Surface Laptop

• Pete Kyriacou – CVP, Microsoft Devices

Today, Microsoft and Surface introduced the fastest, most intelligent Windows PCs ever: Copilot+ PCs. The all-new Surface Pro and Surface Laptop are the ultimate Copilot+ PCs, delivering incredible performance, all-day battery life and brand-new AI experiences. They showcase the beauty and innovation that happens at the intersection of software and hardware.

Surface was created to lead the PC industry with innovation and technology that showcases the best of Microsoft and empowers our customers to achieve more. We’ve been at the forefront of new PC categories, with thoughtful designs and new features that inspire our customers. And as we dive into the new wave of AI, Surface continues to put our customers first.

Copilot+ PCs

Copilot+ PCs provide a quantum leap in computing, with power, performance and breakthrough AI experiences. Debuting with Snapdragon ® X Elite and Snapdragon X Plus processors, Copilot+ PCs are tuned to deliver optimal processing and response times – and are faster than the latest Macbook Air. i

Performance like this means the apps customers love work great. Microsoft has partnered closely with developers across the globe to optimize their applications for this processor. In addition, the powerful new Prism emulation engine delivers a 2x performance boost compared to Surface Pro 9 with 5G. On the new Surface Pro and Surface Laptop, powered by Snapdragon X Elite and Snapdragon X Plus processors, experiences like Adobe Creative Cloud, Microsoft 365 and Chrome will feel snappy, quick and responsive.

In addition, Copilot+ PCs have the most powerful Neural Processing Units (NPUs) in the PC category today. With over 45 trillion of operations per second (TOPS), these NPUs power new AI experiences – here are three that we love:

In addition to Microsoft experiences, the power of the NPU extends in our work with developers who are leveraging the NPU for their own AI workloads. Some examples of these new AI experiences include:

• Davinci Resolve: Effortlessly apply visual effects to objects and people using NPU-accelerated Magic Mask in DaVinci Resolve Studio.
• Cephable: Stay in your flow with faster, more responsive adaptive input controls, like head movement or facial expressions via the new NPU-powered camera pipeline in Cephable .
• CapCut: Remove the background from any video clip in a snap using Auto Cutout running on the NPU in CapCut.

We are seeing many developers around the world and across various industries working on exciting new ways to accelerate their applications using the power of the NPU, including: WhatsApp, Luminar Neo, LiquidText, Camo, djay Pro and more.

All-new Surface Pro

Over 10 years ago, Surface pioneered the 2-in-1 category. Since then, the tablet that can replace your laptop has advanced the expectations of a productivity device, delivering more power, more battery life and innovation people love. The all-new Surface Pro unlocks a new way to think about a laptop: Combining accelerated performance, all-day battery life and industry-leading AI capabilities in an ultra-flexible design that can replace your tablet, your laptop and can even power your multi-monitor set-up.

The all-new Surface Pro , powered by Snapdragon® X Elite and Snapdragon X Plus processors, delivers incredibly fast speeds, 90% faster than Surface Pro 9. It’s built for the ultimate multitasker, supporting up to three external 4K displays, with two USB 4 ports, and a stunning 13” display with new optional OLED with HDR technology, delivering new levels of peak brightness and immersive colors. Wi-Fi 7 offers the fastest wireless connection iv available and optional 5G v keeps you connected to the fastest cellular network, while you’re on the move.

The ultra-wide, quad-HD front-facing camera is our best Surface camera ever. AI-powered Windows Studio Effects like Automatic Framing, keep you in focus, even as you move around your space. The 10MP Ultra HD rear-facing autofocus camera supports 4K video so you can capture and edit all on one device.

Surface Pro is made with more recycled materials than Surface Pro 9, including 72% recycled content in the enclosure. vi Surface Pro is serviceable by design with more replaceable components than ever, including the motherboard, battery, cameras and more.

The all-new Surface Pro Flex Keyboard unlocks new levels of flexibility. It’s ready to be used attached to your Pro for the ultimate laptop set-up or detached for more flexibility and to support your creative workflows.

It is built with enhanced extra carbon fiber layers for stability and has a larger, customizable haptic touchpad. With integrated pen storage, your Slim Pen is secure, charged and ready to go.

Surface Slim Pen gets even better with the new Surface Pro, with all new AI experiences. The ink now flows naturally with Zero Force inking, ultra-precise shading, 4,096 points of pressure sensitivity and a built-in haptic engine for a more natural writing experience.

The all-new Surface Pro is the most flexible laptop, reimagined.

All-new Surface Laptop

When we first launched Surface Laptop, it redefined the classic PC category, pushing boundaries and elevating the user experience to new heights. We introduced premium materials, a vibrant array of colors, ultra-productive 3:2 aspect ratio touchscreens, and a fit and finish like nothing else. We delivered power and performance, and the best typing experience on the market to this day, in a light, sleek design. Beyond elegant design, the Surface Laptop showcased an incredible balance of premium features that delivered the best of Microsoft on a Surface device. This holistic approach revolutionized the industry, setting new standards for excellence and heralding a new era of innovation in laptop design.

The all-new Surface Laptop maintains these principles – purpose built to unlock a new AI era with Copilot experiences that transform the PC experience.

Redesigned from the inside out, this new Laptop has modern lines and a stunning PixelSense touchscreen display with razor-thin bezels.  With 120Hz refresh rate, HDR technology, Dolby Vision IQ™ vii and Adaptive color technology, this display delivers crisper whites, darker blacks and an extended color spectrum. There are two screen sizes, as our new 13.8” display provides larger viewing area than a traditional 14” laptop, in a more compact design and a 15” with an even larger working canvas. This ultra-light and stylish Laptop comes in four stunning colors viii : Platinum, Black, Dune and Sapphire.

Surface Laptop unleashes lightning-fast speed and AI accelerated power for the ultimate multitasking. It is 86% faster than Laptop 5, delivering incredible performance.  It can power up to three external 4K monitors. The 45 TOPS NPU unlocks new AI experiences and delivers industry-leading performance for seamless productivity with the longest battery life on any Surface – up to 22 hours on the Surface Laptop 15” ix and up to 20 on the Surface Laptop 13.8” x . With a large variety of ports and lightning-fast Wi-Fi 7, you will always be connected.

The new Surface Laptop has a Full HD Surface Studio Camera that supports AI-powered Windows Studio Effects like Automatic Framing, Portrait Blur, Creative Filters and Voice Focus – so you come across clearly and confidently. AI-enhanced sound with premium Omnisonic® Speakers and Dolby® Atmos® xi , and Studio Mics amplify your voice and presence.

Surface Laptop is known for its comfortable and quiet typing experience and now, every keystroke is perfected. With optimal key travel for accurate and swift typing and a large precision haptic touchpad that is smooth, responsive and customizable for your personal preference.

This is the fastest, most intelligent Surface Laptop ever.

Surface product principles

Accessibility, security and sustainability are core components in every product in the Surface lineup. The all-new Surface Pro and Surface Laptop make major strides across all three categories.

Surface products are built to empower everyone on the planet to achieve more. When we develop inclusive products, we create a more comfortable and empowering product experience for everyone, without excluding people in the process. Our journey involves continuous learning from the disability community, placing them at the heart of our design process to develop solutions that unlock their full potential.

Our accessible offerings are comprehensive, ranging from an ecosystem of adaptive accessories to adaptive features built into the fabric of our hardware and software. With the new Copilot+ PCs from Surface, we continued to prioritize adaptability, resulting in products that are inclusive by design.

That’s why we designed the new Surface Pro Flex Keyboard with a bold keyset option, xii to reduce eye strain and assist people with low vision. We added a customizable, haptic touchpad, the most inclusive touchpad on the market today, to both our Surface Pro keyboard and our Surface Laptop, empowering customers with a wide range of hand movement and dexterity capabilities to easily adjust the touchpad to their preferences, resulting in a more delightful experience for all.

These hardware capabilities, alongside new experiences that utilize the power of the NPU, increase your productivity and creativity, allowing you to work, learn and play in the way that is most natural to you.

Security and privacy are always top of mind for us, implementing chip-to-cloud security that begins with inherently secure Surface devices. These new Surface PCs are meticulously built to protect your data from day one. Starting with tracing the origin of even the smallest components on the motherboard through building the lines of code ensuring a secure boot. Every Copilot+ PC will be a Secured-Core PC with Microsoft Pluton Security enabled by default and Windows Hello Enhanced Sign-in enabled by default. We take our responsibility to keep your data safe seriously.

In 2020, Microsoft set a goal to become carbon negative by 2030 – and at Surface, we know we have a responsibility to the planet. With the new Surface Pro and Surface Laptop we are introducing our most significant sustainability advancements yet. We have reduced our carbon emissions by an average of 78% per enclosure through several sustainability interventions, including using 100% recycled aluminum alloy, 100% recycled rare-earth metal magnets and 100% carbon free electricity at manufacturing facilities. xiii

We are also committed to reducing plastic waste – with all-new paper-based packaging with more recyclable components – and extending the lifetime of your device with innovative repairability features.

This is just the beginning. We will continue delivering sustainability advancements across the device lifecycle as we work towards Microsoft’s 2030 commitments.

Pre-order today

The brand-new Surface Pro and Surface Laptop deliver incredible speeds, all-day battery life and all-new AI experiences, all starting at $999. You can pre-order today and learn more about our new products at Microsoft.com. They’ll be available at key retailers worldwide starting June 18. To learn more about Surface for your organization, visit the Surface for Business blog.

i   Based on Cinebench 2024 Multi-threaded conducted by Microsoft in April 2024 comparing pre-release build of Surface Laptop with Snapdragon X Elite running pre-release Windows 11 26100 and Apple MacBook Air 13″ with M3 running macOS 14 Sonoma.  

ii   Recall is optimized for select languages (English, Chinese (simplified), French, German, Japanese and Spanish.) Content-based and storage limitations apply. See https://aka.ms/copilotpluspcs .  

iii   Currently supports translation for video and audio subtitles into English from 40+ languages. See https://aka.ms/copilotpluspcs .  

iv   6GHz band not available in all regions.  

v   5G availability options with 5G coming later in 2024. 5G not available in all areas; compatibility and performance depends on carrier network, plan and other factors. See carrier for details and pricing.  

vi   Enclosure includes Bucket and Kickstand. 100% recycled aluminum alloy in Bucket and Kickstand. 100% recycled rare earth metals in magnets. Based on validation performed by Underwriter Laboratories, Inc. using Environmental Claim Validation Procedure, UL 2809-2, Second Edition, November 7, 2023.   

vii   Requires Dolby Vision® encoded content and video.  

viii   Colors available on selected models only. Available colors, sizes, finishes and processors may vary by store, market and configuration.  

ix   Local video playback: Testing conducted by Microsoft in April 2024 using preproduction software and preproduction Surface Laptop Snapdragon® X Elite C12 512GB, 16GB RAM devices. Testing consisted of full battery discharge during video playback of a .mov file through the Windows Media Player application in 1080p at 24 FPS. All settings were default except screen brightness set to 150 nits with Auto-brightness disabled. Wi-Fi was connected to a network. Tested with Windows 11. Battery life varies significantly with settings, usage and other factors.  

x   Local video playback: Testing conducted by Microsoft in April 2024 using preproduction software and preproduction Surface Laptop Snapdragon® X Plus C10 256GB, 16GB RAM devices. Testing consisted of full battery discharge during video playback of a .mov file through the Windows Media Player application in 1080p at 24 FPS. All settings were default except screen brightness set to 150 nits with Auto-brightness disabled. Wi-Fi was connected to a network. Tested with Windows 11. Battery life varies significantly with settings, usage and other factors.  

xi  Requires Dolby® Atmos® encoded content/audio.  

xii  Surface Pro Flex Keyboard with bold keyset available only in U.S. English.  

xiii  As compared to a baseline no-interventions scenario modeling the same products without any sustainability interventions in the production phase of the devices.