word root for assignment

300 Commonly Used Greek & Latin Root Words, Prefixes, & Suffixes

Many words in the English language are formed by taking base words or root words and adding combinations of prefixes and suffixes to them.

A root word is the primary form of a word. While root words may contain the core meaning of the word, they cannot stand alone. For example, “bene” is the root in the word “beneficial.”

A base word is slightly different from a root because a base is the basic form of a word that can stand on its own. For example, “commit” is the base in the word “commitment.” To differentiate the two, just remember that a base can have affixes attached to it, but it does not have to; a root must have an affix (prefix or suffix), or another root, attached to it in order to make it a whole word.

A prefix is a word part that is placed at the beginning of a word to change or enhance its meaning. For example, “dis—” is the prefix of the word “disagree.”

A suffix is a word part that is placed at the end of a word to change or enhance its meaning. For example, “—ful” is the suffix of the word “thankful.”

Most English words are actually derivatives of ancient Greek and Latin words. Knowing Greek and Latin roots is an essential reading comprehension strategy for students because they could determine the meaning of an unknown word if they were familiar with any of the prefixes, suffixes, or root words attached to it. When context clues fail, breaking down words into their smallest parts can ensure your students will be successful.

For example, students might not know what the word “contradict” means, but if they know that “contra” means against and “dict” means speak , they can determine that contradict means: to assert the opposite against what someone has said. Another example is the word “incredulous.” If students know that “in” means not , “cred” means believe , and “ous” means having , then they could conclude incredulous means: not having a readiness to believe things easily.

Greek and Latin word parts are a tool you want your students to have in their academic tool belt because having a strong vocabulary helps students tremendously with reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills. Below you can find a FREE, downloadable copy of the 300 most commonly used Greek and Latin root words, suffixes, and prefixes. You can choose particular word parts from the list below to use in your classroom or provide students with this comprehensive list to keep for reference.

5 thoughts on “300 Commonly Used Greek & Latin Root Words, Prefixes, & Suffixes”

Most helpful for my ESOL students. Have been searching for a resource such as this for ages.

Thank you very much it is helpful for my TOEFL students as it helps learn their vocabulary . I do word formation recognizing prefixes/roots/ suffixes and this is very nice. Thank you

I’m so in love with this. You did a great job!!

Greek and Latin roots, prefixes, and suffixes play a crucial role in understanding the English language as they help decode the meanings of unfamiliar words. By familiarizing students with these word parts, educators can significantly enhance their reading comprehension, vocabulary, and overall language skills.

Great initiative. Will make a difference with my students.

Root words worksheets

Identify the root words.

Many words are formed from a root word and a suffix. In these vocabulary worksheets, students deconstruct each word into its suffix and root word. Students write the suffix and root/base word in separate columns.

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20 Root Word Activities To Improve Student Vocabulary Skills

January 6, 2023 // by Eileen Zajac

Root words take up a lot of time in the early grades and shouldn’t be ignored in the upper grades. Focusing on Greek and Latin roots helps students read faster; which is the key to understanding and comprehending challenging vocabulary. When students learn, recognize, and understand word roots, they gain the power to decode multiple meanings of words. Students and teachers will love these 20 engaging activities that are perfect for ESL, elementary, and middle school students. So, without further adieu, let’s get going!

1. Root Word of the Day

One of the best ways that your kiddos can retain new vocabulary is through repetition. With this daily activity, you’ll introduce them to a root word of the day by simply displaying it in your classroom. Encourage them to discover new words using each root, the possibilities are endless!

Learn More: Braub WordPress

2. Find and Define English Root Words

This challenging root word organizer will be super beneficial for your older students who have already grasped the concept of root words. Simply provide them with a list of vocabulary words and their definitions. Then, encourage them to use what they’ve learned about root words to match the definitions with the corresponding words.

Learn More: Face b ook

3. Root Word Anchor Chart

Who doesn’t like anchor charts? Teachers will notice students’ writing, reading, and comprehension improve after using anchor charts. This anchor chart can serve as a root word reference sheet that holds the definitions of various roots. Create the chart together as a class.

Learn More: Pinterest

4. White Board Cards with Root Words

Involve your class in a whole lot of fun with this exciting root word activity. With this handy lesson pack, you’ll engage them in a bunch of games where they’ll need to decipher clues or use descriptions to find the correct root word.

Learn More: Teachers Pay Teachers

5. Root Word Graphic Organizer

Latin root words can be difficult to understand. Students can understand root words better with manipulatives like graphic organizers. This graphic organizer can be used in a root word lesson and stored in students’ binders. This is a great resource for your weekly root.

Learn More: Teacher Thrive

6. Growing Little Learners of Knowledge

Here is an informative root word activity that is very engaging. This is the perfect activity for teaching through art. Have your students choose from a given word list or research their own! Students will write the word list in the petals and the greek and Latin roots in the flower pot- representing the roots.

7. Root Word Detective

Invite your kiddos to put on their sleuthing hats with a game of Root Word Detective! Challenge them to work through this awesome word detective bundle where you’ll engage them in quizzes and activities to strengthen their knowledge of root words.

Learn More: Tes

8. Root Word Beach balls

This activity can be used as an informal assessment to see what students have gained from the root words of the week. Simply write the roots on a beach ball, toss it around, and wherever your right thumb lands – have students say a word.

9. Root Game Bingo

Bingo gets old for my kids, so I up the stakes with class currency giveaways and class shop trips. This game is great for any grade. Play as usual, but call the root instead of a number and have kids identify the word on their boards that use that root.

Learn More: Momgineer

10. Vocabulary Review Game

Review roots in this vocab review game. Allow students to write 4–5 roots on index cards or sticky notes. Have students circulate after. One student holds the cards to his/her head. At the same time, the other student responds to the root’s definition.

Learn More: The Room Mom

11. Popsicle Sorting Center

Can your students tell the difference between prefixes, roots, and suffixes? Providing centers that tie them together is vital to ensuring that your root word activities don’t go to waste! Simply make these cute paper popsicles and label them before having students sort them into the correct cups.

Learn More: A Love 4 Teaching

12. Identify the Root Word

This game helps identify suffixes, prefixes, and root words. After a few weeks of “the root word of the week”, construct a paragraph and have students mark the root terms. They can also compete in teams to define all the terms correctly!

Learn More: Snippets By Sarah

13. Root Word Flip Books

Flipbooks are versatile educational tools and great manipulatives for students. This book can be created by students and teachers over the year or printed, filled out, and used as a reference.

Learn More: Got to Teach

14. Root Word Foldables

Root word foldable are unique and can be used for a variety of activities! Have students write the root word on one side and draw a picture and example on the other. Drawing pictures will help students connect with their new-found language and bind ideas to memory.

Learn More: Teaching in Room 6

15. Greek and Latin Roots Maze Game

Wordwall.net features a community of games for centers, downtime, and the whole class! However, this one is wonderful for root words. This Pac-Man-like maze game requires students to connect words with Latin or Greek roots.

Learn More: Word Wall

16. Root Words Quiz

This quiz is ideal for a whole-class lesson on language structure because it requires teamwork. Root word-focused sentences give students a real-world opportunity to recognize and utilize the terms in different sentence patterns. Simple play and pause the video at each question.

Learn More: Teacher Grace Alicamen

17. Root Word Memory

This memory game will engage students and provide partner practice. Print, cut, and laminate the cards for this game. One card will have the roots being used, while the other will have the meaning of the root word. Students need to match a root with its corresponding meaning.

Learn More: Laura Candler

18. Eggciting Root Words

Stephanie’s eggciting root word game engages all ages. The game is easy but requires a bit of prep to get started. Write the root on one half of the egg and a matching term on the other. Students will then build words using mixed eggs.

19. Setting Student Objectives

Objectives are valuable for helping students reach their potential. I Can statements can be kept on the classroom walls or the whiteboard. The Curriculum Corner gives some great examples. Create these together with students and check in with them to see how they feel about where they’re at with the objectives.

Learn More: The Curriculum Corner

20. Root Word Dice Game

The root word dice game is perfect for getting students up and moving during a lesson. Students must roll the dice and do what each number says. I find it most helpful to have the “rule sheet” printed out for each group or written on the board.

Learn More: Minds-in-Bloom

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Engaging Activities to Teach Prefixes and Suffixes

One of the most important skills a reader needs is to be able to figure out what unfamiliar words mean. One strategy to help students determine the meanings of new words and phrases is recognizing prefixes, suffixes, and root words. When readers identify an affix in a new word they read, it can help them infer the word’s meaning.

This is a great vocabulary skill to teach to help students read more independently. And bonus, it will help with their spelling and writing, too!

But memorizing tons of prefix and suffix meanings is boooorrrrring! That’s why I’m going to share with you some of my favorite activities to keep students engaged while they review affixes and their meanings.

Introducing Prefixes and Suffixes

The beauty of affixes is that students are already using them in everyday conversation!

The concept won’t be brand new to students in 3rd, 4th, or 5th grade, but the language might be.

A simple way to introduce the terms prefix , affix , and root word / base word is to list some words that share a common prefix or suffix and asking students what they notice. (With younger students, you can write the affix in a different color.) Students should see that adding an affix to a word changes its meaning. You can use the acronym “P. S.” to help them remember that a prefix goes at the front and a suffix goes at the end of the word.

With 3rd and 4th graders, I recommend starting with common prefixes and suffixes they likely already know and use, such as re-, un-, -ly, and -ful. Students in 5th and 6th grades can tackle more complex Greek and Latin affixes and root words.

It’s helpful to create an anchor chart or to display affixes posters so students can refer to them all year long.

prefix and suffix posters on bulletin board

I also love to have students do a scavenger hunt in their books and around the room to find examples of prefixes and suffixes. They can write them on sticky notes and add them to an anchor chart or graphic organizer.

Once students have reviewed the basics, it’s time for some fun activities that will help them learn the meanings of common prefixes and suffixes so they can become stronger readers.

Prefix and Suffix Interactive Notebook

I find that repeated exposure to different affixes and their meanings is key for helping students recognize them in their reading. Using hands-on interactive notebook templates is a great way to give them practice.

prefix and suffix activities for ELA interactive notebook

These interactive notebook activities give students practice with defining prefixes and suffixes, brainstorming words that include common affixes, comparing negative prefixes (un-, non-, anti-, etc.), and more.

Hands-on Prefix and Suffix Sort

I love using hands-on sorts in every subject. In this printable and digital sorting activity , students identify words with prefixes, suffixes, both, and none. This works nicely to assess what students know and identify any misconceptions they have.

digital version of an affixes sorting activity

Affixes Color by Number Activities

These no-prep color-by-code worksheets are a fun way for students to review affixes. These are nice to have on hand to use as spiral review all year long. Plus they’re a great activity to leave with a substitute!

color by code worksheets to review prefix and suffix examples

Prefixes, Suffixes, and Root Words Digital Task Cards

I’m also a huge fan of using self-checking digital task cards in language arts. These prefix and suffix Boom cards are another engaging way to review affix meanings with a fun beach theme.

They give students TEI practice and are self-checking, too!

Printable clip cards are a fun non-digital task card option. Students stay engaged with these because they use a clothespin to indicate their answer on each card!

Cooperative Prefixes and Suffixes Activity

Sometimes you just need to get your students up and moving! Games and activities that get your students talking with each other and walking around the room can be a great break from worksheets.

This “fill the boxes” activity gets students interacting with each other as they find someone who can complete each box on the page.

cooperative game to practice root words, prefixes, suffixes in 3rd, 4th, or 5th grade

Prefix and Suffix Scavenger Hunt

I also love this scavenger hunt for a fun twist on traditional task cards. You can ask each student to start at a different card. They’ll answer the question and then find the card with that answer somewhere around the room. This activity is an easy way to get all your kids participating!

scavenger hunt activity to review prefix and suffix meanings

Prefix and Suffix Activity Bundle

If you want to save time, you can grab a bundle of 9 different prefix and suffix activities !

There are lots of ways to teach and review affixes with your 3rd, 4th, and 5th graders. When students can identify a prefix and/or suffix in a new word or phrase, they have another tool in their word analysis strategies toolbox. And that helps them become stronger readers as they encounter more challenging texts!

Grab a free lesson plan and printable resource to teach conflict and resolution with the mentor text, The Proudest Blue!

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I have always used root words as a quick class opener. I have even used them when my school sprang for the Sadlier-Oxford books as the two work well together.

Forty years ago, way back at Millwood, my first school, the teachers developed a list of root words as part of a comprehensive 7-12 vocabulary program. We divided this extensive list of roots between grade levels and expected kids to be taught and to master about 50 at every grade level. Of course, that means each kid had at least 300 major roots in head by graduation.

For my part, now that I am no longer part of a compre-hensive system, I went with a core 120 roots broken into 10-root sets in . I teach them very simply, taking only a few minutes a day.

I write two or three on the board every day and we brainstorm derivatives. If the students don't suggest enough words, I always have several for each root that I mention. The students use a to record at least three words that use the root. Then when we cover ten roots, I test them over those ten.

I am very proud of the since I use a big list of roots that I call . I construct tests using words we did NOT discuss in class. The definitions used on the matching test always include the meaning of the root. So...students can make a 100% on the test over words they have never seen before, just by knowing the roots. Very empowering, as it gives students the ability to figure words out.

The students tell me that knowing roots consciously is very helpful on the ACT and SAT.

is a searchable site with extensive words and definitions for hundreds of roots. Many of the words also include histories and lengthy explanations.

is a quick reference to more than , with at least one example for each and a good reference for as well.

is not exactly about root words, but sometimes useful in figuring out how the root got embedded in the word in the first place.

Instant Vocabulary by Ida Ehrlich -- Organized around259 keys to word building, this book is an amazing resource if you want to teach root words to your students. Each key is a root, prefix, or suffix for which Ehrlich provides 20 examples showing how the key is used in word building.

Check out Neo below:

English Vocabulary Quick Reference by Roger Crutchfield -- organized differently and is part of a comprehensive program he offers, but is also more extensive than the above book. Both work well together.

I'm not sure how or why, but extensive resource available free online. Downloadble copy in extensive DropBox files available to $25.00 donors

The Word Within The Word This extensive program covers 500 roots and includes activities and tests for three different volumes. Though intended to start in sixth grade, the materials work well even with seniors.

-- , , and

or .

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Lesson Plan Title : Root Words, Prefixes, and Suffixes

Age Range: Grade 9 through Grade 12 (High School Level)

Overview and Purpose : The following activity will help your students understand how words are made. They will be able to match a root word to the correct prefix or suffix.

Objective: The student will be able to

*name a word that uses a given prefix or suffix.

*spell the word they named.

None needed

Activities:

Have the students put their desks in a circle. Choose a prefix or suffix that the students must use. The first student must make a word using the prefix or suffix within 10 seconds of it being given. The next student has to correctly spell that word and give another word for the following student to spell. If a student misspells a word, cannot give a new word, or makes up a word, he is out. Game play continues until only one student is left.

A homework assignment that can be given after this lesson could be to have students write down the prefixes and suffixes that were used and to have them research the meanings of each one.

Anchor Charts

Enjoy these activities to help teach the skill root words to your students..

Both of these anchor charts are good examples of ones students can create. Imagine placing students into small groups. Each group is assigned one root word to use. On a large piece of paper, they draw a tree shape, or cut out a shape from construction paper, and write words that contain the root on the tree. Under the tree, students write the root word and its meaning.

The second chart could also easily be assigned as a small group project. Draw the grid lines on chart paper for the students. Each group completes one line of the chart by adding their assigned root word, example, illustration, and meaning.

Additional Root Word Resources

Click on the links under the images to collect resources .

Latin Root [voc/vok]

Latin root [vid/vis], latin root [spec], latin root [port].

Root Words Printable

Spoons Game

Do you need some additional materials for teaching root words? Check out this unit on Prefixes, Suffixes, and Root Words available on Teachers Pay Teachers.

Organizers and/or practice for the following root words are included:

fin, tract, graph, meter, rupt, tele, aud son phon, spec, form, amour, aqua, phobia, bio, carn, chron, cracy, derm, terra, geo, and photo

Vocabulary Related Webpages

Click on the images to go to vocabulary resources.

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Homeschool Planet Word Roots lesson plan button

CTC: Word Roots

Seamlessly add your Word Roots curriculum from The Critical Thinking Company to your homeschool schedule with these lesson plans for use with your Homeschool Planet subscription. Learn the building blocks of words-prefixes, suffixes, and roots-in order to unlock new vocabulary! By learning the etymology of words with Word Roots , students will enhance their vocabulary and improve their understanding of unfamiliar words.

CTC: Word Roots and Homeschool Planet

These lesson plans applied within your Homeschool Planet planner will help you stay on track in your CTC: Word Roots course.

What’s Included:

1 school year lesson plan, covering all the assignments for your Word Roots curriculum.
Word Roots Lesson Plan Package includes all 5 lesson plans!
Check boxes for your students to check off as they complete their assignments, giving them a sense of accomplishment and you a permanent record of their achievement.
Automatic rescheduling of assignments when “life happens”
“Daily Digest” email reminders to help you and your child stay on track
Grade tracking to recognize or reward completion of work.
Attendance records for states where this is required.
Extensive reports to help you manage grades, attendance, activities, and more.
Automatic lesson plan updates as needed, with enhancements, link updates, etc.
You decide whether to apply ongoing updates.
Curriculum is not included and should be purchased separately. Links are provided to purchase curriculum when available.

Please note: These lesson plans are subject to copyright laws and cannot be used beyond those in your household. By “household” we mean a person or persons sharing the same single family housing unit such as a home, apartment, mobile home or condominium. You may reach us with any questions at [email protected] .

Click the images below to see a sample of the lesson plan

	$29.75	$14.95
Click here for the curriculum introduces children to the concept of root words and shows students how roots are meaningful parts of many multi-syllabic words in English. The first three activities are designed to illustrate how roots, prefixes, and suffixes work together, with activities becoming progressively more difficult as students work through the book. Grades 3-4.		$5.95
Click here for the curriculum Word Roots Level 1 replaces the previous book. This new version has been updated and improved! More effective activities to help students learn the meaning and spelling of roots, prefixes, and suffixes have been added, as well as more than 100 new vocabulary words. Grades 5-12+.		$5.95
Click here for the curriculum Word Roots Level 2 replaces the previous book. This new version has been updated and improved! More effective activities to help students learn the meaning and spelling of roots, prefixes, and suffixes have been added, as well as more than 100 new vocabulary words. Grades 5-12+.		$5.95
Click here for the curriculum Word Roots Level 3 replaces the previous book. This new version has been updated and improved! More effective activities to help students learn the meaning and spelling of roots, prefixes, and suffixes have been added, as well as more than 100 new vocabulary words. Grades 7-12+.		$5.95
Click here for the curriculum replaces the previous book. This new version has been updated and improved! More effective activities to help students learn the meaning and spelling of roots, prefixes, and suffixes have been added, as well as more than 100 new vocabulary words. Grades 7-12+.		$5.95

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1 Chapter One: Word Elements, Prefixes and Suffixes

Basic word elements.

There are three basic word elements: prefix, word root (with a combining vowel), and suffix. Not all medical terms contain all three of these elements and some terms contain more than one of each element. At first, this may seem confusing, but it will make sense as the course progresses.

A prefix is located at the beginning of a word. As mentioned before, some medical terms will not contain a prefix. When there is a prefix, the prefix serves to modify the word in some manner. Prefixes usually signify a number, time, position, direction, or negation (absence of).

Let’s look at some examples:

Perhaps you are familiar with the terms prenatal and postnatal. Nat/o is the main part of the word, or combining form, which means birth. Pre- is a prefix which means before. Post- is a prefix that means after. When you put these meanings together, prenatal means before birth and postnatal means after birth.

Another example is febrile, which means with fever. If you add the prefix, a- to febrile, the meaning of the word is completely changed because a- means without. Therefore, afebrile means without or no fever.

As you can see, the prefix can completely change the meaning of a word. Therefore, it is very important to learn the meanings of prefixes to correctly interpret medical terms.

Both prefixes and suffixes are combined with the other basic element of a medical word – the word root/combining form.

Defining Medical Words

After you learn prefixes, suffixes, and the word roots related to the various body systems, you will be able to roughly define the medical term by defining the various word parts. In general, you will define the word parts in the following order:

Define the suffix or last part of the word first.

Next, define the first part of the word which may be a word root or a prefix.

Finally, define the middle part(s) of the word.

So, let’s put that into other words. Define the words in this order:

As an example, look at the word macro/card/ ia . Define the suffix or last part of the word first. In this case, – ia means a condition. Next, define the first part of the word which in this case is a prefix, macro- . Macro- means large. Next, define the middle part of the word which in this case is a word root, card . Card means heart. When put together, you get the definition for macro/card/ia: a condition of a large heart. The definitions sometimes have to be refined, but you can use the last, first, middle method of defining a medical term to get a good sense of what the word means.

Building Medical Words

Convention has us follow three rules for building medical words. Those rules are:

A word root links a suffix that begins with a vowel.

A combining form (WR + CV) links a suffix that begins with a consonant.

When combining two word-roots (which makes a compound word), link them together using the combining form (i.e., the first word root will have a combining vowel added to it that links it to the second word-root).

Let’s take the suffix -itis which means inflammation. The suffix begins with a vowel, so the preceding word root does not use a combining vowel to link it. As an example, take the word root gastr – which means stomach. Link the word root and suffix and you get gastritis . Note that the word does not use the combining vowel “o” to link gastr- and -itis. In other words, the word is not gastroitis.

When the suffix begins with a consonant, use a combining form of the word root (which is the WR + CV) to link to the suffix. Take the suffix – dynia which means pain. The suffix begins with a consonant, so the preceding word root must be in its combining form (WR + CV) in order to properly link the two. As an example, for the word root ot- which means ear, you must add a combining vowel (o) linking it to the suffix, – dynia . You get the word otodynia ( ot /o/ dynia ) which means pain in the ear, or earache. Note the word is not otdynia. It is important to note that in most instances, the combining vowel used to make combining forms is the letter o. There are instances, however, where other vowels will be used.

Finally, you often build compound words in your daily life. An example is base+ball, or baseball. Another example is chalk+board, or chalkboard. When building compound words, you are simply putting two words together to make a new word. In medical terminology, you also will build compound words. In most cases, linking the word roots in medical words to make a compound word requires adding a combining vowel. Here is an example: osteoarthritis ( oste /o/ arthr /itis). The word roots oste (bone) and arthr (joint) are linked with the combining vowel “o”. To define the word you just built, define the last part first and then the beginning of the word and subsequent terms in order. Following this guideline, osteoarthritis is defined as inflammation (itis) of the bone (oste) and joint (arthr).

Don’t worry if you are still a little bit confused about this process. As we learn more terms and work through the activities, this will become more clear. Eventually, you should feel confident about your ability to build and define medical terms based on their word parts.

One last word of caution: although knowledge of the various parts of medical terms will give you a general idea of the meaning of the term, a medical dictionary will usually provide more detail and specific information relating to the term. For example, the term “appendicitis” can be defined as inflammation of the appendix by its word parts –itis (inflammation) and appendic/o (appendix). If you look it up in a medical dictionary – in this case, Taber’s Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary, 20th edition, the word is defined as “Inflammation of the vermiform appendix, caused by blockage of the lumen of the appendix and following by infection. It may be acute, subacute, or chronic and occasionally is difficult to diagnose because many other illnesses may cause acute abdominal pain.” As you can see, the medical dictionary provides important additional information.

Pronunciation

The pronunciation of medical terms can be challenging. Medical dictionaries can be very helpful in providing pronunciation guides. Most dictionaries include phonetic pronunciation in parentheses after the word. The following are some general pronunciation guidelines:


ae, oe	Pronounce only the ē (long e)
es	May be pronounced as a separate syllable when located at the end of a word
g	Pronounce as “j” when located before “e” “i” and “y” Pronounce as “g” when located before other letters
c	Pronounce as “s” when located before “e” “i” and “y” Pronounce as “k” when located before other letters
i	When located at the end of a word, it generally indicates a pleural. Pronounce as a long i or long e
pn	Pronounce only the “n” (the “p” is silent)
ps	Pronounce only the “s” (the “p” is silent)

There are also several online resources that can help you with pronunciation. Word of caution: Different providers may pronounce terms differently, depending on where they attended medical school and/or what country they are from.

Pleural Endings

Medical terminology also has different rules for pleural endings. The following is a list of common pleural endings.

Terms ending with “a”	Add e (ae)
Terms ending with “is”	Change to “es”
Terms ending with “ex” or “ix”	Change to “ices”
Terms ending with “on”	Change to “a”
Terms ending with “um”	Change to “a”
Terms ending with “us”	Change to “i”
Terms ending with “itis”	Change to “idites”
Terms ending with “nx”	Change to “nges”
Terms ending with “y”	Change to “ies”
Terms ending with “x”	Change to “ces”

What is a prefix?

P = prefix or word element that is added to the beginning of the word root.

Some medical terms have prefixes while others do not. If they are present, they are added before the word root. It is important to note that adding a prefix changes the meaning of the word root. Prefixes usually signify a number, time, position, direction or negation

Note: When writing a prefix, use a hyphen after the prefix to indicate it is a prefix and a word element will follow the prefix. Examples include bi- (which means two), macro- (which means large), and micro- (which means small).

List of Common Prefixes

The following is a list of common prefixes. Although different medical terminology books may have slightly different lists and slightly different meanings, the following is a fairly inclusive list.


a- an-	ā ăn	without, absence of, lack of	afebrile (without fever)
ab-	ăb	away from	abduction (away from the midline of the body)
ad-	ăd	toward, near	adductioni (toward the midline of the body)
ambi-	ăm-bē	both sides	ambidextrous (using both hands)
ante-	ăn-tē	before, forward, in front of	antemortem (before death)
anti-	ăn-tē	against	antidote (a therapeutic substance that counteracts the actions of a different substance)
apo-	ā-pō	off, away from, separated from, derived from	apomorphine (a morphine derivative formed by removing one molecule of water from the morphine molecule)
auto-	ăw-tō	self	autobiography (an account of someone’s life written by that person)
bi-	bī	two, both	bilateral (both sides of the body)
brady-	bră-dē	slow	bradycardia (pertaining to slow heart beat)
circum-	sĕr-kŭm	around	circumflex (bending around)
con-	kŏn	together, with	congenital (present at birth, born together)
contra-	kŏn-trŭh	against, opposite	contraception (the prevention of conception)
de-	dē	without, down, from	deactivation (process of making something inactive)
di-	dī	twice, two, double	diacidic (containing two acidic hydrogen ions)
dia-	dī-ŭh	through, across	diameter (the measure from one point to its opposite point)
diplo-	dĭ-plō	double	diploia (double vision)
dys-	dĭs	painful, difficult, abnormal	dysthyroid (abnormal thyroid functioning)
ec- ecto-	ĕk ĕk-tō	out, outside	ectoderm (the outermost layer of cells of an embryo in the early stages of development)
en- end- endo-	ĕn ĕnd ĕn-dō	in, within, inner, inside	endobiotic (pertaining to an organism living parasitidcally in the host)
epi-	ĕ-pē	above, upon	epigastric (pertaining to above the stomach)
eso-	ĕ-sō	inward	esophoria (tendency of the eyes to deviate inward)
eu-	ū	good, normal	euphoric (pertaining to good feelings)
ex- exo- extra-	ĕks ĕk-sō ĕk-stră	away from, outside, outwards, external	extrapleural (pertaining to the outside of the pleura or pleural cavity)
hemi-	hĕm-ē	half	hemiplegia (paralysis on one side of the body)
hetero-	hĕt-ĕr-ō	different	heterosexuality (attraction between persons of the opposite sex)
homo-	hō-mō	same	homosexuality (attraction between persons of the same sex)
hyper-	hī-pĕr	excessive, above	hypertension (high blood pressure)
hypo-	hī-pō	deficient, below	hypotension (low blood pressure)
in-	ĭn	without, not, absence of, in, within, inner	inhalation (breathing in)
infra-	ĭn-fră	beneath, below	Inframarginal (pertaining to below any margin or edge)
inter-	ĭn-tĕr	between	intervertebral (pertaining to between the vertebrae)
intra-	ĭn-trŭh	in, within, inner	intramuscular (pertaining to within the muscle)
iso-	ī-sō	same, equal	isoenergetic (pertaining to exerting equal force)
juxta-	jŭks-tŭh	near	juxtaglomerular (pertaining to close or adjoining a renal glomerulus)
macro-	mă-krō	large	macroglossia (pertaining to the enlargement of the tongue)
mal-	măl	bad, abnormal, inadequate	malnourished (inadequately nourished)
mega-	mā-gŭh	great, large	megacephaly (an abnormally large head)
meta-	mĕ-tŭh	change, beyond	metachromatism (condition regarding any color change)
micro-	mī-krō	small	microcolon (small colon)
mono-	mŏ-nō	one, single	monochromatic (pertaining to having only one color)
morpho-	mŏr-fō	shape	morphology (study of the configuration or structure of plants and animals)
multi-	mŭl-tē	many, much	multigravidia (pregnant woman who has been pregnant one or more times previously)
neo-	nē-ō	new	Neonatal (pertaining to the period of time just after birth; newborn)
nulli-	nŭl-ĭ	none	nullipara (woman who has never borne a child)
oligo-	ŏ-lĕ-gō	deficiency, scanty, little	oliguria (condition of abnormally low excretion of urine)
pan-	păn	all	pantalgia (pain involving the entire body)
para-	pă-rŭh	beside, near	paracystic (pertaining to alongside or near the urinary bladder)
peri-	pă-rĭ	beside, near, around, about	periapical (pertaining to at or around the apex of the root of a tooth)
poly-	pŏ-lē	many, much	polydipsia (extreme thirst)
post-	pōst	after, following	postpartum (after childbirth)
pre-	prē	before	precancer (growth or group of cells which is not currently malignant but may become cancerous)
pseudo-	soo-dō	false, deceptive	pseudodementia (condition of exaggerated indifference to people and surroundings but without any actual mental impairment)
quadri-	kwă-drĕ	four	quadriplegia (paralysis of all four limbs)
re-	rē	behind, back, again	reactivate (to render active again)
retro-	rĕ-trō	behind, back	retrojection (the washing out of a cavity by the backward flow of an injected fluid)
semi-	sĕ-mē	partial, half	semicomatose (mild coma in which a patient can be awoken)
sub-	sŭb	below, beneath, under, less than	subcutaneous (under the skin)
super-	soo-pĕr	excessive, above, in the upper part	superficial (located near the surface of the body)
supra-	soo-prŭh	excessive, above, upon	supracostal (pertaining to above the ribs)
syn-	sĭn	with, together	syndrome (a group of symptoms regularly occurring together and constituting a disease)
tachy-	tă-kē	rapid	tachycardia (condition of a rapid heart beat)
tetra-	tĕ-trŭh	four	tetrapeptide (a compound of four amino acids)
tox-	tŏks	poison, toxin	toxicity (the state of being poisonous)
trans-	trănz	through, across	transurethral (pertaining to across the urethra)
tri-	trī	three	triad (a collection of three things having something in common)
ultra-	ŭl-trŭh	beyond, extreme	ultraviolet (denoting the electromagnetic rays beyond the violet end of the visible spectrum)
un-	ŭn	not, reversal, removal	unconscious (not conscious)
uni-	ū-nĭ	one	unilateral (pertaining to one side of the body)

As you study these prefixes, you will find some familiar terms. It can be helpful to associate the prefixes with words you already know to help the learning process. Many prefixes have the same or similar meanings and it can be helpful to make note of those prefixes.

You may also notice that many of the prefixes can be categorized into one of the following groups:

Size, quantity, number

Location, direction, timing

It is highly recommended that you study these terms every day. Using tools, such as flashcards can help you retain the information. An easy way to make flashcards is to use a 3×5 card and write the prefix on one side and the definition on the other side. You may also want to use electronic flashcards via programs such as quizlet.com. The important thing is to find the method that works best for you and practice every day.

Suffixes are word endings. In other words, they are word parts that are added to the end of words. They are added to the end of a medical term. Suffixes are connected or linked to word roots often by a combining vowel. The combining vowel is typically o, but it might also be any one of the other vowels.

When the suffix begins with a vowel, the word root is linked simply by itself ( no combining vowel such as o will be used). An example is gastr/itis. Since –itis begins with a vowel, the combining vowel is not required. When the suffix begins with a consonant, a combining vowel is used to link the word root to the suffix. An example is gastr/o/logy. Since -logy begins with a consonant, a combining vowel is used to connect the two word-parts.

Like prefixes, suffixes convey meaning, so they can alter the meaning of the word root. Suffixes usually denote either a procedure, condition, disease, or a part of speech.

Note: When writing only the suffix, use a dash before it. In the examples used above, the suffix, “itis” would be written as –itis and the suffix “logy” would be written as –logy. The hyphen indicates there is another word element that precedes the suffix.

List of Common Suffixes

The following is a list of common suffixes. Although different medical terminology books may have slightly different lists and slightly different meanings, the following is a fairly inclusive list


-ac	ăk	pertaining to	cardiac (pertaining to the heart)
-acusia -acusis	a-koo-zē-ŭh a-koo-sĭs	hearing	Anacusis (total loss of hearing)
-al	ăl	pertaining to	renal (pertaining to the kidneys)
-algesia -algesic -algia	ăl-jē-zē-ŭh ăl-jē-zē-ĭk ăl-jē-ŭh	pain	neuralgia (a spasm of pain running along a nerve)
-ar	ăr	pertaining to	ventricular (pertaining to a ventricle)
-ary	ăr-ē	pertaining to	coronary (pertaining to the heart)
-cele	sēl	hernia	vesicocele (hernia of the bladder)
-centesis	sĕn-tē-sĭs	surgical puncture	thoracentesis (surgical puncture into the chest/pleural cavity)
-cidal -cide	sī-dăl sīd	destroying, killing	bactericide (a substance that kills bacteria)
-clasis -clast	klăs-ĭs klăst	to break	lithoclast (breaking or crushing a stone)
-constriction	kŏn-strĭk-shŭn	narrowing	vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood vessels)
-cusis	koo-sĭs	hearing	presbycusis (loss of hearing as part of the aging process)
-cyte -cytic	sīt sī-tĭk	cell	leukocyte (white blood cell)
-cytosis	sī-tō-sĭs	an abnormal condition of cells	leukocytosis (an abnormally large number increase of white blood cells)
-derma	dĕr-mŭh	skin	scleroderma (thickening of the skin with eventual atrophy of the epidermis)
-desis	dē-sĭs	surgical fixation or binding of bone or joint	arthrodesis (binding together or surgical stiffening of a joint)
-dipsia	dĭp-sē-ŭh	thirst	polydipsia (excessive thirst)
-dynia	dĭn-ē-ŭh	pain	urodynia (pain when urinating)
-eal	ē-ăl	pertaining to	appendiceal (pertaining to an appendix)
-ectasis	ĕk-tă-sĭs	dilation	bronchiectasis (dilation of the bronchi)
-ectomy	ĕk-tō-mē	excision, surgical removal	splenectomy (surgical removal of the spleen)
-edema	ĕ-dē-mŭh	swelling (usually due to excessive fluid in the tissues)	angioedema (fluid build-up of the vessels under the skin)
-emesis	ĕ-mĕ-sĭs	vomiting	hematemesis (vomiting of blood)
-emia	ē-mē-ŭh	a condition of the blood	hypoglycemia (condition of low blood sugar)
-esthesia	ĕs-thē-zē-ŭh	sensation	anesthesia (a state characterized by loss of feeling either from administration of a chemical agent or disease pathology)
-gen -genesis -genic -genous	jĕn jĕn-ĕ-sĭs jēn-ĭk jēn-ŭs	creating, producing, coming to be	ovogenesis (creation of an ovum)
-gram	grăm	record	angiogram (record of the size, shape, and location of the heart and blood vessels)
-graph	grăf	recording instrument	radiograph (the sensitized film/plate used to create radiographic images)
-graphy	gră-fē	process of recording	angiography (diagnostic or therapeutic radiography procedure of the heart and blood vessels)
-gravida	gră-vĭ-dŭh	pregnant woman	multigravidia (pregnant woman who has been pregnant one or more times previously)
-ia	ē-ŭh	condition	myasthenia (condition of absence of muscle strength)
-ial	ē-ăl	pertaining to	intracranial (pertaining to within the cranium or skull)
-iasis	ī-ŭh-sĭs	pathological condition or state	nephrolithiasis (pathological condition or disease in which stones are present in the kidneys)
-iatrics	ī-ŭh-trĭks	field of medicine	pediatrics (medical specialty concerned with the development and care of children)
-iatrist -ist	ī-ŭh-trĭst ĭst	specialist	psychiatrist (specialist in the field of psychiatry)
-iatry	ī-ŭh-trē	field of medicine	psychiatry (medical specialty concerned with mental disorders and diseases)
-ic	ĭk	pertaining to	gastric (pertaining to the stomach)
-ical	ĭ-kăl	pertaining to	cervical (pertaining to the neck or cervix)
-ician	ĭ-shŭn	specialist	clinician (health professional or specialist engaged in clinical practice)
-ism	ĭ-zŭm	condition, state of	hypothyroidism (condition in which there are inadequate levels of thyroid hormone)
-itis	ī-tĭs	inflammation	colitis (inflammation of the colon)
-kinesia -kinesis	kĭ-nē-zē-ŭh kĭ-nē-sĭs	movement	hypokinesia (decreased motor movement/reaction to stimulus)
-lepsy -leptic	lĕp-sē lĕp-tĭk	seizure	epileptic (relating to or suffering from epileptic seizures)
-lith	lĭth	stone	nephrolith (kidney stone)
-logist -ologist	lō-jĭst ŏl-ō-jĭst	specialist in the study of	pathologist (specialist who has been trained to examine tissues, cells, and specimens of body fluids for evidence of disease)
-logy -ology	lō-jē ŏl-ō-jē	study of	pathology (the study of the nature and cause of diease)
-lysis	lī-sĭs	destruction, to break down, to destroy	cytolysis (destruction of living cells)
-malacia	mŭh-lā-sē-ŭh	softening	tracheomalacia (degeneration of the elasticity and connective tissues of the trachea)
-megaly	mĕg-ŭh-lē	enlargement	gastromegaly (enlargement of the stomach)
-meter	mē-tĕr	measuring instrument	oximeter (an electronic device used to measure oxygen saturation)
-metry	mĕ-trē	measurement	oximetry (the measurement of oxygen saturation)
-necrosis	nĕ-krō-sĭs	tissue death	osteonecrosis (the death of a segment of bone)
-oid	ōĭd	resembling	lipoid (resembling fat)
-ole	ōl	small	arteriole (small artery)
-oma	ō-mŭh	tumor	lipoma (non-cancerous fatty tumor)
-opia -opsis -opsia -opsy	ō-pē-ŭh ŏp-sĭs ō-sē-ŭh ŏp-sē	vision	dysopsia (defective vision)
-ory	ōr-ē	pertaining to	respiratory (pertaining to respiration)
-osis	ō-sĭs	abnormal condition	anthracosis (abnormal condition of carbon in the lungs from inhaling coal dust)
-osmia	ŏz-mē-ŭh	smell, odor	dysosmia (distortion of normal smells)
-ous	oos	pertaining to	erythematous (pertaining to redness)
-oxia	ŏk-sē-ŭh	oxygen	anoxia (no oxygen)
-paresis	pŭh-rē-sĭs	slight or partial paralysis, weakness	Monoparesis (weakness affecting one limb)
-partum	părt-ŭm	childbirth, labor	postpartum (after childbirth)
-pathy	pă-thē	disease	myopathy (disease of the muscle)
-pause	pawz	stopping	menopause (stopping menses)
-penia	pē-nē-ŭh	deficiency	leukopenia (abnormal decrease in white blood cells)
-pepsia	pĕp-sē-ŭh	digestion	hyperpepsia (abnormally rapid digestion)
-pexy	pĕk-sē	surgical fixation	enteropexy (fixation of a segment of the intestine to the abdominal wall)
-phage -phagia	fāj fāj-ē-ŭh	eating, swallowing	macrophage (a large white blood cell that “eats” particles, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites)
-phasia	fāz-ē-ŭh	speech	dysphasia (inability to arrange words in an understandable way)
-phobia	fō-bē-ŭh	fear	aerophobia (abnormal and extreme dread of fresh air or air in motion)
-plasia -plasm	plā-zē-ŭh plă-zŭm	formation, growth	neoplasm (an abnormal tissue that grows more rapidly than normal)
-plastic	plăs-tĭk	pertaining to formation, growth	anaplastic (relating to growing without form or structure)
-plasty	plăs-tē	surgical repair	rhinoplasty (repair of a partial or complete defect of the nose)
-plegia	plē-jē-ŭh	paralysis	hemiplegia (paralysis of one side of the body)
-plegic	plē-jĭk	pertaining to paralysis	hemiplegic (pertaining to hemiplegia)
-pnea	nē-ŭh	breathing	orthopnea (discomfort when breathing, partially or completely relieved by sitting or standing)
-pneic	nē-ĭk	pertaining to breathing	hypopneic (breathing that is slower or more shallow than normal)
-prandial	prăn-dē-ăl	meal	postprandial (after eating a meal)
-ptosis	tō-sĭs	drooping, prolapse, downward displacement	gastroptosis (downward displacement of the stomach)
-rrhage -rrhagia	rĭj ră-jē-ŭh	bursting forth	metrorrhagia (any irregular bleeding from the uterus between periods)
-rrhaphy	ră-fē	suture, suturing	hysterorrhaphy (sutural repair of a lacerated uterus)
-rrhea	rē-ŭh	flow, discharge	diarrhea (an abnormally frequent discharge of fluid fecal matter from the bowel)
-rrhexis	rĕk-sĭs	rupture	colporrhexis (rupture or tearing of the abdominal wall)
-salpinx	săl-pĭnks	tube (fallopian or eustachean)	myosalpinx (the muscular tissue of the fallopian tube)
-sclerosis	sklĕr-ō-sĭs	abnormal condition of hardening	arteriosclerosis (disease of the arterial vessels marked by thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity in the arterial walls)
-scope	skōp	viewing instrument	endoscope (a device used to observe the inside of a hollow organ, cavity or tissue plane)
-scopy	skō-pē	visual examination	endoscopy (visual examination of body organs or cavities using an endoscope)
-spasm	spă-zŭm	sudden, involuntary contracture	vasospasm (spasm of a blood vessel)
-stasis		cessation, stopping	homeostasis (the state of dynamic equilibrium)
-static	stă-tĭk	at rest	hemostatic (arresting or stopping a hemorrhage)
-stenosis	stĕ-nō-sĭs	narrowing, stricture	urethrostenosis (narrowing of the urethra)
-stomy	stō-mē	mouthlike opening	colostomy (the opening of a portion of the colon through the abdominal wall)
-therapy	thĕr-ŭh-pē	treatment	immunotherapy (the use of natural and synthetic substances to stimnulate or suppress the immune response)
-thorax	thōr-ăks	chest	hemothorax (blood in the pleural cavity)
-tic	tĭk	pertaining to	paracytic (pertaining to cells other than those normally present)
-tocia	tō-sē-ŭh	childbirth, labor	dystocia (slow or difficult labor)
-tome	tōm	cutting instrument	dermatome (an instrument use to cut thin slices of skin for transplantation)
-tomy	tō-mē	cutting into, incision	episiotomy (surgical incision of the vulva to prevent laceration at the time of delivery or to facilitate vaginal surgery)
-tous	tŭs	pertaining to	epitheliomatous (pertaining to the epithelioma)
-tripsy	trĭp-sē	crushing	lithotripsy (the process of breaking up kidney or gallbladder stones into small fragments)
-trophy	trō-fē	nourishment, growth	hypertrophy (an increase in the number or size of cells)
-ule	ūl	small	macule (a stain, a speck on the surface of the skin – freckle)
-uresis	ū-rē-sĭs	urination	enuresis (bedwetting – involuntary passage of urine, usually occurring at night or during sleep)
-uria	ū-rē-ŭh	urine	oliguria (small amount of urine output – less than 400 ml/day)

Most suffixes fall into one of the following general categories:

Action/movement

Diseases/disorders/conditions

Instruments

Procedures/treatments

Sensory/feelings

Specialties/specialists

There are 12 suffixes that mean “pertaining to.” These include:

Some students have difficulty remembering all of these. Do your best, but be sure NOT to confuse –ia with the 12 suffixes that mean “pertaining to.” The meaning of –ia is condition.

Another area in which students sometimes become confused when learning suffixes are the differences between –graph and –graphy, -meter and –metry, -scope and –scopy, and –tome and –tomy. One way to help you remember is that the words that mean a procedure end with “y” while the words that refer to instruments end with a different letter.

-graph	recording instrument
-graphy	process of recording
-meter	measuring instrument
-metry	measurement
-scope	viewing instrument
-scopy	visual examination
-tome	cutting instrument
-tomy	cutting into, incision

Although the “p” is silent in suffixes such as –pnea, -pneic, and –ptosis, it can be helpful to add “pŭh” before the actual pronunciation when you practice memorizing these terms so you don’t forget about the “p.” Just keep in mind that the “p” is actually silent.

As you reviewed the list of suffixes and the examples provided, you may have noticed that some of the examples consisted only of a prefix and suffix while others contained word roots. For now, do not worry about the word roots. You will learn them as we study each body system. The examples were provided to help you recognize how the various word elements work together to build medical terms.

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World Events Not Giving Weekly Rewards During The War Within Early Access

World activities limited by the early access.

Theater Troupe in Isle of Dorn : The theater event is available to do every hour, but the weekly quest The Theater Troupe isn't available, which means you cannot obtain the weekly chest Theater Troupe's Trove . The actor chests from obtaining Audience Favor through the event ( Amateur Actor's Chest , Novice Actor's Chest , Expert Actor's Chest ) are also not being awarded.
Awakening the Machine in Ringing Deeps: Speaker Kuldas cannot be interacted with as of the Early Access, which means you cannot enter the Awakening the Machine scenario. This means you cannot loot the four chests next to him, nor complete the weekly quest Gearing Up for Trouble for the weekly chest Awakened Mechanical Cache .
Spreading the Light in Hallowfall: Most of the event is available - You can light up keyflames to spawn bonus objectives, rares and quests that award Lamplighter Supply Satchel . The World Quest Spreading the Light , which grants the weekly chest Radiant Cache , is not available during Early Access.
Severed Threads Pacts in Azj-Kahet: You cannot form a Pact with the leaders of the Severed Threads during Early Access, which means the pact weekly quests ( Blade of the General , Hand of the Vizier , Eyes of the Weaver ) are unavailable. This also means World Quests will not spawn in Azj-Kahet during Early Access, as a Pact is required to see these.

World Activities Fully Available During Early Access

Special Assignments: Special Assignments are somewhat similar to World Emissaries in Battle for Azeroth - Complete three World Quests in an area you have a Special Assignment for, and a special Elite quest will unlock, awarding Seasoned Adventurer's Cache . As of the time of this post, there are two Special Assignments available - One in Isle of Dorn, one in the Ringing Deeps.
Wax Collecting: The weekly quest Rollin' Down in the Deeps is available, awarding the Everyday Cache . Note that these do not drop Restored Coffer Key .

Comment by WhateverXD

Comment by akaRaven

So they forgot to turn on level 80 content, but also turned off level 70 content early, GG. Now just to wait for the level 80 Fyrakk mythic raid this weekend getting free mounts and the M55 key a group will do with one level 70 and 4 level 80s and we have bingo.

Comment by FengZhou

To be honest, I'm not super used to 'early access' games really limiting what people can do. I've only played a handful, so perhaps this is more common than I realize... but FF14 never 'limits' things like this. I don't see what the big deal is since heroics, m+ and raiding and all that stuff is limited -already-. Who REALLY cares? The people that paid for the full box, like I did, feel kinda shafted. That said. I never bought it for 'early access'. In fact I had no idea that was even going to be a thing until someone brought it to my attention, I just figured the extra 30 days play time was cheaper than what I pay for a month I'd be paying for regardless, so why not just get a month ahead. I'm really disappointed in seeing just how much they reigned in for fear of people crying about it. I hope blizzard learns it's lessons that doing this then limiting it.. after charging people premium for the expac to begin with, is bad for business all around. Just feels so unnecessarily predatory.

Comment by Felflux

Comment by agentrock

This IS end-game content, so yes there is in fact open world content at end game. I saw people in the open world all the time in Dragonflight. You didn’t because you clearly only did raid and/or mythic. The joke is your comment. And they didn’t “forget” to turn in anything- they said that certain things wouldn’t be available until the actual launch. Level 70 content is still there, you just can’t use raid finder. And they’re fixing it. So much whining. If you guys don’t like the game then don’t play.

Comment by Wizzlepants

Comment by KoveeGedde

The fact we cant unlock earthern seems to be so silly too. Like we paid money and there is no power related to it. Let me play what I paid for,

Comment by Thocor

People upset that the early access isn't giving them extra shots at weekly loot. Lol Ya'll got what you paid for. This business practice sucks, and you should not be supporting it by giving them money for these harebrained schemes. I dunno. I quite like being able to level a bit ahead. Getting professions up and story being done by the time HC week starts

Comment by Tyara

I find it funny that people are upset at early access from both spectrums. Like, it's only 3 days. It doesn't matter if you don't get a week of extra easily replaceable loot. It also doesn't matter that people who paid get 3 more days to level and do professions. The impact of early access is beyond miniscule and that people are even upset at it from either end is amusing. Maybe go out for the weekend and meet real people instead?

Comment by Bonky

Good, playing double the amount of money for an expansion shouldnt result in an advantage in ilvl for the first few weeks. Even though they get ahead by being able to start earlier

Comment by satelitko

All I can say is thank you to the early access payers for testing stuff before release <3

Comment by Pinferno

Super cool and creative of Blizzard to gimp both sides of the expansion experience and disable critical functions to accommodate unwarranted early access that they sold to players for a significant extra cost. Can't wait for this stupid, predatory practice to ruin expansion launches for years to come. it already does, twitch numbers are a quarter of what they have been at DF launch. its a PR desaster

Comment by Kerathras

This early access thing has been total bs. If they were gonna limit everything then what even was the point? They did it to placate the players who didn’t want to shell out the extra money and in the process shafted those of us that did. If they were going to do it that way they just shouldn’t have done it at all.

Comment by Rungula

Thank you beta testers for paying to test these things out for us who come later in!

Comment by MurrmorMeerkat

Good, playing double the amount of money for an expansion shouldnt result in an advantage in ilvl for the first few weeks. Even though they get ahead by being able to start earlier I mean i like the mount and mog you get from it and I have work during base launch so i dint mind paying for me and my fiancés extra days

Comment by Neuydrs

It seems weelky quests of profession trainers and bountiful delves are also disabled before the 26, I can't access neither of them.

Comment by phaiz

Maybe stop calling it "Early Access" and start calling it launch. Those of us not pre-ordering don't get to play until post launch access.

Comment by Chochu

Early acess in a mmorpg is a joke... We already have multiple layers and 2 warmodes and 100% of end game content doesnt take place on the open world, the only time you will see people on the open world is at launch and now the player base is even more split. The game is almost a lobby simulator at this point It doesn't matter if is a joke or not, the early access already accomplish what they wanted it to do, which was earning more money by "forcing" players to choose between playing together or not, among other things. The saddest part of all of this? That extra money is not even going to the World of Warcraft team that made the expansion possible.

Comment by Edgysan

you know whats the most cringe and sad thing? people hating on each other in comments, one side calling the other PAYPIGGIES and the other POOR ANDIES. meanwhile blizzard laughts at both side how stupid "we" are. One side gets screwed by playing late, second by not being able to experience everything right away. yup, keep on calling each other names, that for sure helps... this community is full of double digit IQ %^&*!s divide and conquer, human nature never changes

Comment by Alecco

Angels To Promote Caden Dana
Giants Place Thairo Estrada, Taylor Rogers On Waivers
Reds To Promote Rhett Lowder
Astros, Jason Heyward Agree To Deal
Pirates To Move Oneil Cruz To Center Field
Blake Snell, Jordan Montgomery Discuss Relationship With Scott Boras
Hoops Rumors
Pro Football Rumors
Pro Hockey Rumors

MLB Trade Rumors

Twins Designate Trevor Richards For Assignment

By Steve Adams and Darragh McDonald | August 27, 2024 at 3:50pm CDT

The Twins announced their waiver claim of right-hander Michael Tonkin , which was previously reported . To open a 40-man spot, righty Trevor Richards has been designated for assignment. To take the active spot of Richards, the club has selected the contract of righty Caleb Boushley . To open a 40-man spot for Boushley, righty Joe Ryan has been transferred to the 60-day injured list.

Richards was the Twins’ lone deadline pickup a month ago, coming over from Toronto in exchange for minor league infielder Jay Harry . The right-hander had scoreless outings in seven of his ten appearances with Minnesota but also had three shakier outings, leading to a 4.15 ERA in 13 innings overall.

That may not seem particularly poor at first glance, but Richards walked a massive 18.6% of his opponents during his time with the Twins and even more incredibly uncorked seven wild pitches during those 13 frames. He also hit two batters. Overall, the lack of command he showed proved too alarming for the team to continue on with the right-hander.

Richards has had some big league success in the past, both as a starter (261 2/3 innings of 4.22 ERA ball in 2018-19) and a reliever (3.50 ERA, 31.1 K% in 64 1/3 innings in 2021). However, even though he’s shown a consistent ability to miss bats and regularly flummoxed lefties with a plus changeup, he’s struggled with command and been far too hittable against fellow righties.

Richards came to the Twins as a rental who’d been struggling with his former team, so the cost of acquisition to acquire him was quite low. Still, the Twins surely hoped for better results, particularly given their lack of other deadline additions. Instead, he’ll give way to Tonkin, who’s back for a second 2024 stint with the team that originally drafted him in the 30th round back in 2008. Richards will now hit waivers and presumably clear, as a team would need to be willing to pay the remaining $358K on his $2.15MM salary in order to place a claim.

As for the 30-year-old Boushley, this’ll be his second stint with the Twins this year as well. He pitched two innings and allowed two runs a few months back, but has spent the rest of the season in Triple-A, where he has a 4.97 ERA in 116 innings. That earned run average is skewed in part by a calamitous nine-run shellacking at the hands of the Braves’ Triple-A affiliate back on July 3, but Boushley has been struggling in general as of late. Even setting aside that nine-run bonanza, he’s been tagged for a 6.55 ERA in his past seven starts with the Saints.

10 Comments

Darn looks like Ryan is definitely done for the year

It’s sad because he has ace stuff but just always falls off during the 2nd half of the season

Failed trade #3 for pitching depth this year

jays will claim Richards. he was one of their better bullpen pieces.

I’m just glad the Twins made multiple moves to bolster their pitching staff for a playoff run………

What MLB needs is some sort of incentive program to encourage teams to go for it. Like, extra revenue for playing more games beyond the regular season, bonuses for players that win multiple rounds, maybe even like a trophy for winning the most playoff games!

I like your trophy idea. I also wonder if playoff success might excite the fan base to the point where season ticket and merch sales would increase year-over-year.

I feel like it’s as simple as a Salary Floor. There’s a reason why, in the other 3 main pro leagues, there’s consistent parity & offseason transactions of note regardless of “market”. To me the MLBPA’s insistence on not having a cap is slowly killing the game year by year. The average player salary has increased in the other sports at a higher rate than baseball…and they (gasp!) Have salary caps tied to the revenue. There is NO WAY that teams like Oakland, Cinci, Pitt and yes my Detroit Tigers are spending “51% of Revenue” on player salaries like the other leagues.

The problem with the floor is, you’ll never get it without a salary cap as well. All 30 teams are against one without the other. If the Pirates are bidding on mid level guys,and the big market teams want then, the result is the big market team just pays more. That leaves small market clubs overpaying guys no one else really wants just to hit the floor. Baby Giraffe would be getting 10 million from Pittsburgh, Tim Anderson would’ve gotten 8 million instead of 2. Nothing changes that much with just a floor from a fan perspective, and no owner wants the change it would create

Perhaps some sort of tax applied to teams that are consistently bottom dwellers. In other terms, if a team’s overall average is less than .500 for a rolling 5 years in a row, they are hit with a fine. There has to be some incentive to develop and field a competitive team. A team can be competitive constructed of young guns not making a bunch of money. This shouldn’t be discouraged.

How about a reduction of the luxury tax, relative to the number of extra games played. Conversely, if a team is headed for paying the luxury tax and doesn’t make the post season…the tax increases….

Sports. Honestly. Since 2011

Orioles claim former marlins outfielder.

August 28, 2024

Vanessa Serrao

The Baltimore Orioles have claimed Miami Marlins outfielder Forrest Wall and designated veteran reliever Dillon Tate for assignment. In 2022, Tate was recognized as a solid reliever for the Orioles. But since landing on the IL, he hasn’t been able to pitch as much at the big-league level. On August 26th, the Marlins decided to designate Wall for assignment. Wall has also played for the Atlanta Braves. The Orioles have claimed him off waivers and added a player whose strong suit is his speed.

#Orioles get a guy with 93rd percentile sprint speed… https://t.co/gya5pQVYOy — MLB Trade Rumors (@mlbtraderumors) August 28, 2024

Former Marlins Outfielder Claimed off Waivers by Orioles

What wall brings to the table.

The Orioles, who are in second place in the AL East, one game behind the New York Yankees, have boosted their roster. They have added a lefty bat and a player ranked in the 93rd percentile regarding sprint speed. The 28-year-old is also a former first-round pick drafted by the Colorado Rockies in 2014. The Orioles knew what they were doing when they claimed him off waivers. The Winter Park, Florida-born outfielder has showcased impressive numbers in Triple-A. The speedster has stolen 16 bases, along with a .380 on-base percentage.

With the Orioles claiming him off waivers, they can utilize his speed in the postseason. The Orioles want to make use of Wall’s healthy status with Heston Kjerstad , who is still recovering from a concussion. They have done their homework with their lack of speed on their roster; Wall is a solid pickup that will provide them with the much-needed boost of speed that they require. The Orioles have optioned Wall to Triple-A Norfolk, the only outfielder not injured. With his speed, Wall could also be put in as a pinch runner in critical situations. Wall is also an excellent player to put in against right-handed pitchers, as he has showcased success against them. Wall hasn’t only played in the outfield, but he also has experience playing as an infielder at second base.

Main Photo Credits: Brett Davis-USA TODAY Sports

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Trump’s Dire Words Raise New Fears About His Authoritarian Bent

The former president is focusing his most vicious attacks on domestic political opponents, setting off fresh worries among autocracy experts.

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Former President Donald J. Trump speaking at an event last weekend near the southern border in Texas, wearing a red cap. Behind him are American flags and an armored state police vehicle.

By Michael C. Bender and Michael Gold

Donald J. Trump rose to power with political campaigns that largely attacked external targets, including immigration from predominantly Muslim countries and from south of the United States-Mexico border.

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But now, in his third presidential bid, some of his most vicious and debasing attacks have been leveled at domestic opponents.

During a Veterans Day speech, Mr. Trump used language that echoed authoritarian leaders who rose to power in Germany and Italy in the 1930s, degrading his political adversaries as “vermin” who needed to be “rooted out.”

“The threat from outside forces,” Mr. Trump said, “is far less sinister, dangerous and grave than the threat from within.”

This turn inward has sounded new alarms among experts on autocracy who have long worried about Mr. Trump’s praise for foreign dictators and disdain for democratic ideals. They said the former president’s increasingly intensive focus on perceived internal enemies was a hallmark of dangerous totalitarian leaders.

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IMAGES

English Affix and Root Word Assignment Practice by Taylor Shaw
Prefixes, Suffixes, and Roots Word Roots
Word Root: Explanation and Examples
PPT
Word Roots: Set of 3
Word Root Task Cards (Set 2)

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Lecture 1 / Introduction + Word Root & Suffix
Root word , suffix and new word
word power Root word snew book 📚 complete review💯 neon classes SSC CGL#ssccgl #@AloneP.SSCCGL
Word power made easy session 12 first part
Root word (list of logy)
Root Word and Affix and it's types

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Root Words Worksheets
One worksheet asks students to circle the root words found within larger words. The straightforward method for learning about word contrasts with the more difficult lessons that prompt your kids to search for mistakes within long paragraphs. The printable worksheets make ideal teaching tools at home. This concept does not have to be a difficult ...
Prefix, Suffix, and Word Root Worksheets
These exact prefixes have been used at a wide grade level range on several national assessments. Adding Prefixes - dis-, non-, and super-. These prefixes either lower, level, or heighten things. We work with words that we add one of three prefixes to. The prefix will either heighten or lower the root word.
Building Vocabulary: Word Roots, Affixes, and Reference ...
meter. Based on the list of word roots, what is the meaning of the word chronometer? a device for measuring time. Based on the list of word roots, what is the meaning of the word monochromatic? consisting of only one color. Refer to the list of words parts on the left to answer the questions.
300 Commonly Used Root Words, Prefixes, & Suffixes
A root word is the primary form of a word. While root words may contain the core meaning of the word, they cannot stand alone. For example, "bene" is the root in the word "beneficial." ... A Teacher's Guide to More Meaningful Assignments for Secondary ELA June 22, 2024; 10 Engaging End-of-Year Reflection Ideas for Secondary ELA June ...
Root words worksheets
Identify the root words. Many words are formed from a root word and a suffix. In these vocabulary worksheets, students deconstruct each word into its suffix and root word. Students write the suffix and root/base word in separate columns. Worksheet #1 Worksheet #2 Worksheet #3 Worksheet #4. Worksheet #5 Worksheet #6.
PDF Building Vocabulary Foundations
Building Vocabulary Foundations. and. Building Vocabulary from Word Roots. Levels 1-11. By Dr. Tim Rasinski, Nancy Padak, Rick M. Newton, and Evangeline Newton. Respected Research & LiteratureTeacher Created Materials This document may be reproduce. for educational purposes only. The reproduction of this document for any other.
20 Root Word Activities To Improve Student Vocabulary Skills
12. Identify the Root Word. This game helps identify suffixes, prefixes, and root words. After a few weeks of "the root word of the week", construct a paragraph and have students mark the root terms. They can also compete in teams to define all the terms correctly! Learn More: Snippets By Sarah. 13. Root Word Flip Books
Engaging Activities to Teach Prefixes and Suffixes
One strategy to help students determine the meanings of new words and phrases is recognizing prefixes, suffixes, and root words. When readers identify an affix in a new word they read, it can help them infer the word's meaning. This is a great vocabulary skill to teach to help students read more independently. And bonus, it will help with ...
Building Vocabulary: Word Roots, Affixes, and Reference ...
Use word roots and context clues to determine which word best completes each sentence. Plagiarism is the act of copying a writer's words and claiming them as one's own. I had a sense of when I saw the girl who looked just like her mother used to. I trust you completely. You have complete to arrange the party. -verbatim. -deja vu. -carte blanche.
Finding Root Words
Finding Root Words. Help your students review root words so they can analyze unfamiliar words and figure out the meaning without using a dictionary. In this worksheet, students will identify the root of each word containing suffixes and prefixes. Then, they will circle the root words in the word search. Download Free Worksheet. View answer key.
Printable Root Word Worksheets
Root Word, Suffix, and Prefix Review #1. Learners identify and define word parts in this fifth- and sixth-grade grammar worksheet. 5th grade. Reading & Writing. Worksheet. Latin Root Words #1. Interactive Worksheet. Latin Root Words #1. Explore the meaning of Latin roots like "scribe" and "spect" with this matching activity!
Root Words
Instant Vocabulary by Ida Ehrlich -- Organized around259 keys to word building, this book is an amazing resource if you want to teach root words to your students. Each key is a root, prefix, or suffix for which Ehrlich provides 20 examples showing how the key is used in word building. @Amazon. Check out Neo below:
Building Vocabulary: Word Roots, Affixes, and Reference ...
Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like *Which word roots are used in the word chronometer? Check all that apply.* chron chrom meta meter mono, *Based on the list of word roots, what is the meaning of the word chronometer?* a device for measuring time something that changes color a tool for measuring color a single time period, *Based on the list of word roots, what is ...
Lesson Plan: Root Words, Prefixes, and Suffixes
Closure: A homework assignment that can be given after this lesson could be to have students write down the prefixes and suffixes that were used and to have them research the meanings of each one. The following activity will help your students understand how words are made. They will be able to match a root word to the correct prefix or suffix.
Assessment & Skill Activities: Prefix, Suffix, and Root
Take a look at the standards you need teach below: These RF units are complete and will help you teach prefixes, suffixes, and root words. Your students will be able to master the word attack and decoding skills th ey need to improve their reading fluency and accuracy. RF.2.3.d. RF.3.3.a&b.
Root Words
Each group is assigned one root word to use. On a large piece of paper, they draw a tree shape, or cut out a shape from construction paper, and write words that contain the root on the tree. Under the tree, students write the root word and its meaning. The second chart could also easily be assigned as a small group project.
CTC: Word Roots
Click here for the Word Roots, Beginning curriculum Word Roots Beginning introduces children to the concept of root words and shows students how roots are meaningful parts of many multi-syllabic words in English. The first three activities are designed to illustrate how roots, prefixes, and suffixes work together, with activities becoming progressively more difficult as students work through ...
1 Chapter One: Word Elements, Prefixes and Suffixes
Basic Word Elements. There are three basic word elements: prefix, word root (with a combining vowel), and suffix. Not all medical terms contain all three of these elements and some terms contain more than one of each element. At first, this may seem confusing, but it will make sense as the course progresses.
PDF Greek and Latin Root Words
Greek and Latin root words, the meanings, and sample words. 13. Put the transparency of Appendix D: Greek and Latin Root Words, Word Web Example, on the overhead. ... complete assignment, (five root words) is worth 15 points, with three points for each word web. One point for a sentence, one point for new found words, and ...
Root Words
Root Words. Upgrade to Premium membership to assign worksheets, games, and more to your child. Students will understand just where their vocabulary words come from with this root words exercise. Based on your interest in Root Words . Explore more common root words and their meanings in this eighth-grade grammar game!
Human Anatomy and Physiology Word Roots Flashcards
amphi-. on both sides, of both kinds. amphibian - an organism capable of living in water and on land. ana-. apart, up, again. anaphase of mitosis - when the chromosomes separate. This flashcard set contains word roots, prefixes, and suffixes from "Human Anatomy and Physiology 9th edition" by Elaine N. Marieb and Katja Hoehn.
Medical term assignment (docx)
Tiffany Maxwell 2/3/24 Unit 4 assignment 1.Dysuria=dys/ur/ia= painful urination Root word=Ur =urine Prefix=DYS=painful Suffix=IA=a condition 2. Myaliga= mya/liga= pain in the muscle Root word none Prefix my (o)= meaning muscle The suffix= algie=pain 3.orthostatic=ortho/stat/sis= upright postural Root word= ortho=straight up Prefix=none Suffix-=pertaining to 4. splenectomy=spleen/ectomy ...
World Events Not Giving Weekly Rewards During The War Within ...
Special Assignments: Special Assignments are somewhat similar to World Emissaries in Battle for Azeroth - Complete three World Quests in an area you have a Special Assignment for, and a special Elite quest will unlock, awarding Seasoned Adventurer's Cache. As of the time of this post, there are two Special Assignments available - One in Isle of ...
Twins Designate Trevor Richards For Assignment
To open a 40-man spot, righty Trevor Richards has been designated for assignment. To take the active spot of Richards, the club has selected the contract of righty Caleb Boushley .
Orioles Claim Former Marlins Sprinter
The Baltimore Orioles have claimed Miami Marlins outfielder Forrest Wall and designated veteran reliever Dillon Tate for assignment. In 2022, Tate was recognized as a solid reliever for the Orioles. But since landing on the IL, he hasn't been able to pitch as much at the big-league level.
Expanding Vocabulary: Word Parts and Reference Resources
Read the meanings of the word fold, then read the sentence. Definition 1. n., a crease in fabric or a piece of paper. Definition 2. v., to bend. Definition 3. n., a group of people with common beliefs. Definition 4. v., to incorporate one food ingredient into another.
Live With Julie Green Prophetic Word Aug 20, 2024
LIVE WITH JULIE GREEN PROPHETIC WORD AUG 20, 2024 #juliegreen #propheticword
Trump's Dire Words Raise New Fears About His Authoritarian Bent
These ambitions include using the Justice Department to take vengeance on his political rivals, plotting a vast expansion of presidential power and installing ideologically aligned lawyers in key ...
Trump calls political enemies 'vermin,' echoing dictators Hitler
On Veterans Day, the former president vowed to "root out" his liberal opponents, drawing backlash from historians who say his rhetoric is reminiscent of authoritarians. 4 min.
Building Vocabulary: Word Roots, Affixes, and Reference ...
Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which word roots are used in the word chronometer? Check all that apply., chron = "time" chrom = "color" meta = "change, beyond" meter = "measure" mono = "one" Based on the list of word roots, what is the meaning of the word chronometer?, chron = "time" chrom = "color" meta = "change, beyond" meter = "measure" mono = "one" Based ...