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122 Demographics Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

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Demographics play a crucial role in understanding the characteristics, behaviors, and preferences of different populations. Whether you are studying sociology, marketing, or political science, delving into demographics can provide valuable insights. To help you explore this fascinating field, here are 122 demographics essay topic ideas and examples that can serve as a starting point for your research:

• The impact of age demographics on consumer behavior.
• How does gender influence political voting patterns?
• Exploring the relationship between income levels and health outcomes.
• The effect of educational attainment on career prospects.
• Analyzing the impact of race and ethnicity on housing segregation.
• The role of religion in shaping cultural practices.
• Examining the influence of family structure on child development.
• How does social class affect access to healthcare services?
• The impact of immigration on labor markets.
• Analyzing the relationship between income inequality and crime rates.
• The influence of age demographics on voting behavior.
• Exploring the effects of gender on leadership positions in corporate settings.
• How does education level affect political participation?
• Analyzing the relationship between income inequality and social mobility.
• The impact of race and ethnicity on educational achievement.
• Exploring the role of religion in political ideologies.
• How does social class influence consumer purchasing decisions?
• Analyzing the effects of immigration on cultural integration.
• The relationship between age demographics and social media usage.
• The influence of gender on career choices.
• Exploring the impact of income levels on political preferences.
• Analyzing the effects of race and ethnicity on criminal justice outcomes.
• The role of education in reducing poverty rates.
• How does social class affect access to quality education?
• The impact of immigration on cultural diversity.
• Analyzing the relationship between age demographics and technology adoption.
• Exploring the effects of gender on pay gaps.
• The influence of income levels on consumer debt.
• How does race and ethnicity affect access to affordable housing?
• Analyzing the effects of religion on healthcare decisions.
• The relationship between education level and social mobility.
• The impact of age demographics on media consumption habits.
• Exploring the role of gender in political representation.
• How does income inequality affect social cohesion?
• Analyzing the effects of race and ethnicity on educational attainment.
• The influence of religion on social attitudes.
• Exploring the impact of social class on mental health outcomes.
• How does immigration affect labor market dynamics?
• The impact of age demographics on travel preferences.
• Analyzing the relationship between gender and entrepreneurship.
• The role of income levels in shaping consumer saving habits.
• How does race and ethnicity affect access to healthcare?
• Exploring the effects of education on political ideologies.
• The influence of social class on access to cultural resources.
• Analyzing the effects of immigration on crime rates.
• The relationship between age demographics and online shopping habits.
• The impact of gender on workplace discrimination.
• Exploring the role of income levels in political participation.
• How does race and ethnicity affect social inequality?
• Analyzing the effects of religion on family values.
• The influence of education on career advancement.
• Exploring the impact of social class on political power.
• The relationship between age demographics and environmental awareness.
• The impact of gender on leadership effectiveness.
• How does income inequality affect economic growth?
• Analyzing the effects of race and ethnicity on healthcare disparities.
• The role of religion in shaping ethical decision-making.
• Exploring the effects of education on crime prevention.
• The influence of social class on consumer luxury spending.
• Analyzing the effects of immigration on cultural assimilation.
• The relationship between age demographics and voting turnout.
• The impact of gender on workplace negotiation.
• How does income level affect access to quality housing?
• Exploring the role of race and ethnicity in political polarization.
• The influence of education on social capital.
• Analyzing the effects of social class on political ideologies.
• The impact of age demographics on social networking habits.
• How does gender affect job satisfaction?
• Exploring the effects of income inequality on political stability.
• The relationship between race and ethnicity and educational funding.
• The role of religion in shaping gender norms.
• Analyzing the effects of education on income inequality.
• The influence of social class on consumer brand preferences.
• Exploring the effects of immigration on cultural preservation.
• The impact of age demographics on retirement planning.
• How does gender affect workplace promotions?
• The relationship between income levels and philanthropic giving.
• Analyzing the effects of race and ethnicity on political representation.
• The role of education in reducing social inequality.
• Exploring the impact of social class on social networks.
• The influence of age demographics on online gaming habits.
• How does gender affect leadership styles?
• The impact of income inequality on social justice.
• Analyzing the effects of religion on political attitudes.
• The relationship between education and civic engagement.
• The role of social class in shaping consumer aspirations.
• Exploring the effects of immigration on cultural diffusion.
• The influence of age demographics on retirement savings.
• How does gender affect negotiation outcomes?
• The relationship between income levels and happiness.
• Analyzing the effects of race and ethnicity on poverty rates.
• The impact of religion on social justice movements.
• The role of education in reducing racial disparities.
• Exploring the effects of social class on health disparities.
• The influence of age demographics on smartphone usage.
• How does gender affect leadership effectiveness in nonprofit organizations?
• The relationship between income levels and political trust.
• Analyzing the effects of race and ethnicity on income mobility.
• The impact of religion on environmental conservation.
• The role of education in reducing gender inequalities.
• Exploring the effects of social class on political participation.
• The influence of age demographics on online dating preferences.
• How does gender affect consumer decision-making?
• The relationship between income inequality and social unrest.
• Analyzing the effects of race and ethnicity on educational funding.
• The impact of religion on social attitudes towards sexuality.
• The role of education in reducing urban-rural disparities.
• Exploring the effects of social class on food choices.
• The influence of age demographics on e-commerce adoption.
• How does gender affect work-life balance?
• The relationship between income levels and charitable giving.
• Analyzing the effects of race and ethnicity on political trust.
• The impact of religion on gender equality.
• The role of education in reducing income disparities.
• Exploring the effects of social class on political ideologies in different regions.
• The influence of age demographics on streaming platform preferences.
• How does gender affect consumer trust in brands?
• The relationship between income inequality and educational outcomes.
• Analyzing the effects of race and ethnicity on homeownership rates.
• The impact of religion on social attitudes towards LGBTQ+ rights.
• The role of education in reducing social mobility gaps.
• Exploring the effects of social class on cultural consumption patterns.

These 122 demographics essay topic ideas cover a wide range of dimensions, such as age, gender, income, race, ethnicity, education, social class, religion, and immigration. You can choose the topics that align with your interests and field of study. Remember to conduct thorough research and provide well-supported arguments to strengthen your essays. Happy writing!

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373 Population Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

🏆 best population topic ideas & essay examples, 👍 good essay topics on population, 📌 simple & easy population essay titles, ✅ interesting topics to write about population, 🔍 good research topics about population, 💡 most interesting population topics to write about, ❓ research questions about population.

• The Aging Population Impacts on labour Impacts on healthcare Impacts on government spending The increase in the proportion of the people who are old leads to a decrease of the number of people who are within the working […]
• Population Movements in 1850-1970 This paper will therefore trace the population movements in the world and some of the factors that contributed to the evolution of the world’s population.
• Current and Future Population Problems in Pakistan This paper investigates the population problem in Pakistan by suggesting the possible reasons for the current population trends, the effects they have on the country, possible solutions to the prevailing population problems and future predictions […]
• Effects of Abiotic and Biotic Factors on a Deer’s Population The biotic factors affecting the deer’s population include human conservation measures, building a highway, the influx of cougars, diseases, and deforestation, while the abiotic factors are temperature, water, rocks, soils, acidity, and humidity.
• Factors Governing Population Distribution in Canada The area covered by Canada is the largest country in the world after Russia and has the largest coastline. The Shield and the Rocky Mountains in the North have discouraged settlement in the area because […]
• Relationship Between Population and the Environment The results revealed after the statistical analysis was performed that there is a negative relationship between the population increase and the emissions of carbon dioxide in the case of developed countries while on the other […]
• The Middle-Class Population in Colombia Reviewing the size of the middle-class in Colombia is essential because the data can be used to estimate the financial and business prospects in the country.
• Food Security and Growing Population Thus, nations have to address the problem of feeding the increasing global population amid the challenges of the production of adequate food.
• Human Population and the Environment The fertility rate of a given species will depend on the life history characteristics of the species such as the number of reproductive periods in the lifetime of the species and the number of offspring […]
• Population Dynamics and Increase Reasons However, if the death rate is minimal, meaning that the life expectancy of a particular population is high then, the population will increase. The first way of slowing population growth is by controlling the rate […]
• Population Focused Interventions in Sentinel Town The majority of the people mainly abuse the two substances in the rural community. The people in Sentinel town are experiencing a high rate of obesity in the community.
• Population Growth in Bangladesh and Egypt According to the official statement of the Bangladeshi authorities, the population growth rates have been reduced significantly after the introduction of the pro-choice opportunities and the promotion of family planning as the foundation for childbirth-related […]
• Relationship Between Population and Economic Growth Consequently, Solow argues that the rate of population growth will be equal to the rate of economic growth in steady states.
• The Decline in Shark Population in Trinidad and Tobago To understand the causes of the declining shark population in the selected country, this investigation relied on the use of a qualitative research design guided by the interpretivism model.
• Health Science and Its Importance for Population In conclusion, it should be said that the field of work of a specialist in Health Science is extremely diverse and requires constant updating of knowledge.
• Population Growth in Qatar The increment is attributed to an increase in the state’s population and an increased number of people using the infertility clinics’ services.
• Genes, Lifestyle, and Environment in Health of Population Genetics and the environment are two of the most influential factors affecting human health as well as the onset and development of many diseases. To conclude, genetics, environment, and lifestyles are the intertwined factors that […]
• Population Density in General It helps in monitoring and evaluation of population and social trends within society. Population growth will manifest in various cultural and social aspects that determine existence and propagation of population trends.
• Population Growth and Its Impacts on the Environment High population growth is destructive to the society and the environment. In the US and Germany, the rate of population growth is estimated to be 0.
• The Market Group of the Baby Boomer Population Such marketers have been producing a wide range of products in order to fulfill the demands of this generation. The above services and products, therefore, seek to fulfill the needs of this population.
• Population Control With Abandonment of Specific Children Children with deformities were also considered a threat to the economy, and they would drain the family if the child were sick from the deformation.
• Problems of Population Growth in China The country’s rapidly growing economy and its demographics are a proof that China will be in the global spotlight for years.
• Social Media Amongst the Student Population For the purpose of this report, there is also a discussion of some of the changes that have been observed in the past five years regarding the way students receive information and news.
• United States Population Growth In connection to the Latin American immigrants, the census conducted by the Census Bureau in 2008-2009 established that in terms of birth rate, the number of children born in the United States belonging to the […]
• The Negative Effects of the Rapid Increase in Human Population in the World To begin with, increase in human population has negatively affected natural resources in various parts of the world. The rapid increase in human population has led to increased industrial production in nearly all countries.
• The Rapid Population Growth Causes and Effect A significant note to be taken concerning overpopulation is that it does not just refer to the density of the population, but it is a comparison of the density as a ratio of resources.
• African-Americans as US Vulnerable Population They are designated vulnerable since they cannot protect themselves from others and lack the proper platform to air their grievances and problems. African-Americans cannot advocate for themselves since they lack proper government representation and a […]
• Mental Health and Wellness in Aging Population This research proposal will examine the aspects of wellness with regards to the dimensions of mental health and among the aged.
• The Population Pyramid in Mexico The indicator of life expectancy is highest in the developed country followed by developing country and least in the underdeveloped country.
• Election Campaign Promises and Population Benefits While it may be true that political and economic realities often hinder such promises from being carried out, it is rather interesting to realize that a vast majority of people that have been elected into […]
• Research Sampling, Target Population, and Surveys The characteristic feature of the nonprobability sampling is that this type of research sampling does not include a random collection of data, in contrast to the probability sampling.
• Healthcare in Saudi Arabia and the High Population Growth Rate Considering the fact that the dynamics of attaining organizational success have changed from financial capital to labor, the success of the KSA healthcare sector in providing services will depend on the expertise, knowledge, and level […]
• The US Annual GDP and Population Growth: Statistical Analysis This coefficient, or R2 for short, determines the degree of reliability of the constructed model for the variance of the data; in other words, the closer the value of R2 is to 1, the better […]
• The Aging Population’s Retirement Security There is a continuous increase in the aging population number, without any retirement security hence a need for a collective effort to ensure stability and dignity for the elderly population in the future.
• Global Issues: Addressing an Aging Population An important issue that is currently facing the world community is aging due to the increasing number of older people. Migration leaves the countries in which people are moving with a significant number of older […]
• The Impact of Criminal Organizations on the Population in the South of Italy In addition, aspects of the history of the emergence of the mafia and the factors that led it to the current state of affairs are touched upon.
• Breast Cancer and Its Population Burden The other objectives that are central to this paper are highlighted below: To determine which group is at a high risk of breast cancer To elucidate the impact of breast cancer on elderly women and […]
• Population Ecology: Jumping Ships for Survival The purpose of the present work was to examine population patterns for a dummy population and data on the deaths of 80 individuals.
• Positive Psychology Intervention for Ageing Population This study aims to promote the integration of negative emotions in Positive Psychology Intervention to achieve a holistic approach. The study will also highlight the importance of exploring negative emotions in positive psychology to promote […]
• Discrimination Against the Elderly Population in the Medical Field The first week I was preoccupied, being my first time interacting with the older patients and also the fact that it was my first week and I was just getting used to the environment.
• Psychoeducation Group for Trauma in the Native American Population To summarize, in terms of the population’s fundamental demographics, it can be stated that Native Americans constitute a disadvantaged group due to the ongoing issues with their social, political, and health.
• Preventing Obesity Among the Hispanic Population The first factor within the dimension of relationships and expectations is associated with the perception of health-related values, beliefs, and attitudes that create a basis for an individual to engage in healthy behaviors.
• Urinary Tract Infection in Geriatric Population UTI is a prevalent condition that influences the social, emotional, physical, and economic well-being of the older population in the United States, according to the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention.
• Population’s Impact on Migration In addition, Feng et al.claim that the concept of one-child households is a strategy for lowering the birth rate. In “Let the People Go: The Problem with Strict Migration Limits,” Michael and Justin explain that […]
• Homeless as At-Risk Population Based on the statistics from the National Alliance to End Homelessness, about 580466 people were “experiencing homelessness on our streets and in shelters in America” as of 2020.
• Exposure Therapy for Adult Population However, one of the most relevant and important treatments for social anxiety for adult people is exposure therapy. To conclude, social anxiety disorder is an important issue that interrupts the daily lives of various individuals […]
• Opioid Crisis and the Veteran Population The first alternative is to reduce the frequency of opioid prescriptions by providing relevant education and training for Hawaii clinicians to encourage them to utilize alternative treatment methods for veterans in need of pain management.
• The Prevention of Diabetes and Its Consequences on the Population At the same time, these findings can also be included in educational programs for people living with diabetes to warn them of the risks of fractures and prevent them.
• Pollination: Decline in the European Honeybee Population First, the study will aspire to establish the definite and expected rate of decline in the European honeybee population over the years.
• Nursing Care for Elderly Population As experts in the field, it is crucial to be aware of potential ethical dilemmas when working with the aging population.
• Prediabetes in the African-American Population The author’s work with DSMES proves that an evidence-based self-intervention may be applied via lowering blood sugar as high blood sugar is a characteristic of diabetes.
• Why Is Home Dialysis More Beneficial for the Adult Population? The purpose of the study is correctly focused on such phenomena as a comparison, description, and characterization of the fundamental components of home dialysis and its impact, influence, and effect on a patient.
• Population Diversity of the Middle East Cultural differences in the Middle East are primarily reflected by the languages and, more specifically, the existence of their numerous dialects in the area.
• Population Health Outcomes and Healthcare Service Delivery In terms of population health outcomes, changes in indicators like general and infant mortality and life expectancy “show that the health status in the U.S.population is improving over time, although racial and ethnic disparities persist”.
• Decline in the Honeybee Population and Farmers in the United States The analysis of farming in the country shows that the added revenue to crop production because of the pollinators’ activity is about $18 billion. Statistics evidence the topicality of the problem and the necessity to […]
• Population Health Promotion Benefits As a result, the community health nurse must supervise the community members in order to manage and control their health medical condition.
• Helping Black Population With Hypertension in New York State As evidence of the successful implementation of the program, the results demonstrated the reduction of the blood pressure after half of the year of treatment.
• Depression Among the Medicare Population in Maryland The statistics about the prevalence and comorbidity rates of depression are provided from the Medicare Chronic Conditions Dashboard and are portrayed in the table included in the paper.
• Depression as Public Health Population-Based Issue In regard to particular races and ethnicities, CDC provided the following breakdown of female breast cancer cases and deaths: White women: 128 new cases and 20 deaths per 100.
• The Black Population of New York State Analysis Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the black population of New York state affected by hypertension and analyze the reasons behind it and the interventions to improve the health outcomes.
• The Effects of Gold Mining in the Amazons on the Environment and the Population Excessive gold mining in the Amazon has led to the depletion of essential soil nutrients, especially nitrogen. As a result, ASGM in the Amazon has led to the destruction of the Amazon forest.
• The Older Population’s Disparities and Oppression The relationships between the younger and the older populations introduce a problem of abuse and disparities between the two. To conclude, it is clear that the problem of oppression and abuse of the elderly population […]
• Healthcare Administrators’ Role in Population Health The work of these specialists is as important as ever, yet they must change their practice because of growing disparity of healthcare access, while simultaneously requiring evaluating the potential influence and spending on new healthcare […]
• Population Health and How It Relates to Healthcare Any state seeks to optimize the delivery of health services and improve the well-being of its population. The aspect of economic development of the territory influences the morbidity of all people, first of all, children, […]
• Adolescent Population’s Characteristics and Health It is important to note that the teenager or adolescent population includes individuals between the ages of 10 to 19. The adolescent population is unique and complex, which is its social determinants of health are […]
• The Effect of Increased Median Age of Population on the Consumer Behavior Secondly, having no or fewer children allows people to spend more money on their own needs and increase the quality of childcare. Firstly, higher median age leads to more opportunities for people and increased diversity […]
• Health Issues of Vulnerable Population in Bolivia Bolivia presents one of the countries where lack of access to water causes various health issues, especially for the vulnerable population of women and children.
• Sexuality in the Elderly Population The cartoon chosen for the project depicts the physiological, psychological, and social components of sexual development in older adults, demonstrating that they are stigmatized due to their bodily changes and the absence of personal and […]
• Teen Pregnancy as a Population Health Problem The population affected by this health issue is adolescents between the ages of 15 to 19 or even girls at the age of 10.
• Person-Centered-Care for Vulnerable Population Even though this group has been provided with benefits, the inequalities still matter because they affect the public health outcomes and the quality of medicine in general. In conclusion, the economically-disadvantaged group is still exposed […]
• Early Teen Pregnancy as Population Health Problem First of all, the importance of the health of adolescents and children is due to their role as a reserve of society in all spheres of life of the state.
• Problems of Indigenous Population of America and Canada The author notes trade as one of the areas of development of local communities, which influenced the way of life of the Indians.
• Obesity in Adolescent Hispanic Population According to Kemp, “the percent of Black and Hispanic teens with obesity increased significantly over the past decade, but the prevalence of obesity remained unchanged for non-Hispanic White adolescents and young children, according to data […]
• One-Day Resort in Vietnam: Entry Strategy, Target Population, and Product Description The number of international tourists arriving in the country in 2019 was one of the highest in the Asia Pacific region, and the country’s tourism receipts are set to increase every year until 2020.
• Alcohol-Induced Chronic Pancreatitis: Population Affected, Side Effects, and Treatment The recurrence of acute pancreatitis is linked to the development of chronic pancreatitis, and it is more prevalent in alcoholics who use alcohol often.
• Reduction of Obesity in the Adolescent Hispanic Population According to Kemp, “the percent of Black and Hispanic teens with obesity increased significantly over the past decade, but the prevalence of obesity remained unchanged for non-Hispanic White adolescents and for young children, according to […]
• The Black Population’s Disproportionate Mortality Rates From COVID-19 Due to general inequities in the public health system of the United States, such as a lack of health insurance caused by low income and unemployment, limited access to health care services, and the underrepresentation […]
• Major Depressive Disorder: Individual and Population Perspectives The primary focus of tins research is to illustrate specific environmental influences related to major depressive disorder by implementing the Public Health Exposome Model and, therefore, enhance a better understanding of factors that influence and […]
• Vaccination of Indigenous Population in Queensland The CDC evaluation model is used in the obtaining of the program policies in healthcare and sickness arresting. The engagement of stakeholders is the first step where the Australian Government Department of Health and the […]
• Infertility: Causes, Population Affected, and Treatment Infertility is one of the most common problems these days, and it means that a person does not have a chance to get pregnant for several health issues. The percentage of females suffering from infertility […]
• Chronic Renal Failure Disease: Causes, the Population Affected, and Prognosis In addition, the authors describe the impact of disease on clinical outcomes and the role of middle molecules as significant factors in the onset of pathology. The end stage of kidney damage is the stage […]
• The Issue of Overpopulation and Human Population Growth Control The consequences of overpopulation include the depletion of natural resources and climate change which have hindered the conservation of natural resources such as water and animals.
• The Salmonella Outbreak: Population, Causes, and Disparities In particular, behavioral determinants identify that the greatest chance of infection is present in groups that consume raw eggs and pay insufficient attention to washing them.
• The COVID-19 Impact on Public Health and Population It is yet to summarize all of the effects of the disease in the pandemic aftermath; however, it is already possible to collect some of the subtotals regarding the impacts on public health.
• Becoming an Ally of the Queer (LGBT) Population From my point of view, this state of affairs is not appropriate and should be addressed, meaning that I could act as an ally for social justice. This information reveals that allying with the LGBT […]
• Substance Use Disorder in Latino Population This leads to a common belief in the inefficiency of said treatment. The clinic offers a variety of addiction treatment services, and can help with rehabilitation from substance abuse.
• Drug Laws Influnce on Different Population Groups Despite all the dangers of drugs, the fight against them should not worsen the living conditions for the population and aggravate injustice. The fight against drugs also unfairly affects women, especially women of color.
• The Influence of Water Quality on the Population of Salmonid Fish It is expected that populations of wild salmonid fish may decline rapidly due to water pollution instead of farmed species because the effects of water pollution are deleterious.
• Sample Versus Population in Statistics Consequently, sampling can be defined as a method used to select a required sample from the whole population. Furthermore, probability-based methods can be divided into simple random sampling, systematic sampling, stratified sampling, and cluster sampling.
• Aging Population and Its Effect on the US Healthcare However, on the flip side, growth in the number of older adults in relation to the young population would also signify a reduction in the labor force and, consequently, a decline in national income.
• Strategies to Detect Early Hypertension in African American Population of Darby Township Community The 2010 Census data for the community demonstrates that the African-American population of Darby constitutes almost 40% of its total population, and it is the group that is targeted by the current study.
• The COVID-19 Effects on the Sex Worker Population Thus, the COVID-19 pandemic and the restrictions increased discrimination, stigma, economic burden, and repressive policies and excluded sex workers from the global pandemic response.
• Population Health Disparities and Healthcare Access Through the case study scenario established, this paper aims to discuss the variables affecting healthcare access, approaches to reduce healthcare disparities, and interventions to enhance access to healthcare among the global population.
• Population Health and Impact of ZIP Codes The life expectancy of people and the health of the population have geographic differences, which is the reason for the ZIP codes paradigm.
• Vulnerable Population: Community Engagement of African Americans Key characteristics of African Americans include higher levels of poverty, greater risk for poor health status, limited access to health services, and higher rates of morbidity, mortality, and infant death rate. Certain health practices exacerbate […]
• Career Development Program for 30-Year-Old Population At the age of thirty, it might be a challenging task for the individual to decide to change one’s career and face particular risks and concerns regarding a new occupation.
• The New Jim Crow System Related to the Black Population As a matter of fact, Jim Crow, or the Jim Crow system, may be defined as a particular racial caste system that existed in the United States between the 1870s and the middle of the […]
• Growing Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Among the Nursing Population The nursing population tends to increase in diversity, prioritizing the need to encourage inclusion and equity. Recruiting nurses should include clarifying the terms of inclusion to engage them in the established environment.
• “Population-Centered Health Care in the Community” by Stanhope There is a multitude of moral and ethical issues to be found in the inadequate provision of health care on community, city, and state levels to the incredibly underserved homeless population within the United States.
• Boreal Woodland Caribou: Reduction in Population The fact that Woodland Caribou is a prey to many predators; this is a threat to its survival given the widespread predation that exists in the forest.
• The Persistent High Rates of Heroin Use Among the Puerto Rican Population in the US’ Article In this article, a quantitative approach would have complemented the qualitative method used in identifying high rates of heroin use among Puerto Ricans.
• Managing the Effective Population Size of the New Zealand Snapper Secondly, the method of statistical analysis was used to compare the DNA test results conducted for the two sets of materials and identify the changes in the genetic characteristics of the populations of the species […]
• Physiologically-Structured Population Models and Their Ordinary Differential Equations Reduction The paper seeks to solve the problem of understanding the conditions under which the individual processes against survival, growth, and fission do the developed equations lead to an honest representation of a cell-based model that […]
• Mathematical Biology: Explaining Population Extinction Species in settings with soft carrying capacities such as those with non-negative value K create a restricted expectation of a variation, given a full past history, is non-positive when the species surpasses the carrying volume.
• Vulnerable Population: HIV-AIDS The latest statistics identify HIV/AIDS as a major medical problem affecting the health sector. The disease currently affects over one million citizens.
• Improving Overall Health of Vulnerable Population Thus, the practicum, which is a holistic in approach to public health, will ensure that Hope House Mission and homeless persons have enhanced capacity to address healthcare needs they experience.
• Population-Focused Assessment and Intervention Furthermore, the assessment revealed that around 70% of women in the shelter do not know much about the health of their children and lack adequate parenting skills.
• Education Plan For an At-Risk Population First of all, the representatives of this population group are more prone to obesity which is one of the major causes of diabetes.
• Polypharmacy Effects on the Geriatric Population The planners have also outlined the stakeholders of the program and their roles in developing the program. The activities of the program are organized in a very clear and logical manner.
• The Population of Frail Elderly The sociological issues that the frail elderly faces are many and they include stress and depression fear of death and even change of behavior and personality disorders.
• Heart Disease: Population Affected- Brooklyn Brooklyn leads in morbidity of heart diseases in comparison to the rest of New York and the United States in general.
• Aging Population Study by Christensen Kaare et al. The descriptive approach in the Aging Population: The Challenges Ahead, the article written by Christensen Kaare et al, systematically and accurately elaborates on life expectancy trends in developed nations.
• The Effects of the Tuskegee Study on the Black Population The study at the center of the present discussion is called “The Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis: A Case Study in Peripheral Trauma with Implications for Health Professionals”, and concerns some of the lasting implications […]
• UTI Prevention and Management in Geriatric Population UTI is widely spread among people of elderly age, both female and male, and they appear to be vulnerable to this disease due to a range of factors.
• The Notion of Nutrition in the Context of the Elderly Population in the Slum Dwellings of India The study discussed in the present paper will concern the notion of nutrition in the context of the elderly population in the slum dwellings of India.
• Global Black Population’s Health Needs Analysis Nevertheless, there are many helpful health services designed to help the Black community to address such health issues: Black Emotional and Mental Health: focus on healing, wellness, and liberation of Black people.
• Influenza Preparedness Among Public Housing Residents and Low-income Population This is a presentation about influenza preparedness and response among public housing residents and low-income populations.
• Vulnerable Population: Homelessness In such a way, they will be more prepared to come up with quality personalized approaches to health care for this vulnerable population’s representatives.
• Population Pyramid: The Case of the Republic of Moldova The population pyramid of the country during the year 2000 is as follows ): As it is possible to see, the number of people of child-bearing age and pre-child-rearing age are the majority, promising a […]
• Purnell Model for Chinese Migrant Population The choice of the Chinese sub-group is explained by the presence of Chinese culture in many countries of the world due to the increased immigration rate leading to the demand in transcultural nursing.
• Population Health Problem Assessment Although the percentage is declining in the last ten years, smoking is still a health issue and a significant concern to the citizens of the country.
• Effects of Population Increase on Forest Resources Thus there is a need to control the world population. This is a guide on how one is to conduct the research, collect data and analyze the data.
• World Population Could Peak Decades Ahead of the UN Forecast According to researchers from the United States, in the second half of the 21st century, the number of people on Earth will begin to decline.
• Global Population Growth and Increased Demand for Food He concluded that there are only two sides in the dialogue regarding the issue the followers of optimistic Norman Borlaug, who could be called Wizards, and the fans of more pessimistic William Vogt, the could […]
• Healthcare Agenda for the Geriatric Population Therefore, policies relating to reliable, effective, and efficient health care of the elderly in their physical environment should be formulated. Therefore, governments should formulate and fully implement policies relating to the environment of the geriatric […]
• Senegal’s Population and Migration Profile As per current projections, the population of Senegal is projected to increase for the remainder of the century. Roughly 42% of the population of Senegal lives in the rural area.
• Suicide Prevention Facts on the Adolescent Population Adolescent suicide and the increasing level of child suicide are painful topics that pose a number of problems and questions for parents and society: What prompts adolescents to take this step? Is it possible to […]
• Heart Disease Among Hispanic and Latino Population Hispanics and Latinos have the highest propensity for heart related diseases in the society. They are at a very high risk of developing diabetes, obesity, and hypertension.
• Policy and Advocacy for Improving Health Population She states that it is always possible to volunteer to participate in policy-making activities and prepare a report on the necessary changes to present to decision-makers.
• Members of the American Population Remain Loyalists Furthermore, the fact that the opponents of Loyalists resorted to brutality and use of violence as the means of getting their point across did not help in convincing the supporters of the Crown that the […]
• One Can Protect the Entire U.S. Population Without Having to Vaccinate Everyone The vaccinated population will act as a shield of the other section of the population that is not vaccinated. Diseases can cause damage to a population, if measures are not taken, to ensure that the […]
• The Role of Program Development in Maintaining a Healthy Population On this light, the health departments put efforts to understand the state of health in a given population. In this case, 93 percent of the population comprised the males.
• Benefits of Exercises in the Aging Population Balance issues and falls are very frequent in the elderly, and they significantly contribute to the increased rates of institutionalization. This makes Tai Chi an important intervention in enhancing balance and reducing the risk of […]
• Hypothesis Testing of a Single Population 7 is assumed to be the mean of the population and the average sample sales of the selected sales representatives should be equal or close to the population mean.
• Intercultural Communication and Healthcare Delivery: Cranford Population The racial composition of the Cranford population shows that it comprises of different races, which implies that cultural communication is essential in the delivery of healthcare services.
• Moving Upstream to Improve Population Health Down the Road Due to the influence of the environment on the wellbeing of people, the need for devising policies for a sustainable future helps in supporting the vitality and productivity of society.
• Understanding of the Homeless Population The state of focus is Georgia and the County of Fulton. 2 percent of homeless individuals had severe cases of mental illnesses Nearly 34.
• Asthma Among the Japanese Population In a report by Nakazawa in which the author sought to determine the trend of asthma mortality among the Japanese population, emotional stress and fatigue emerged as the leading factors for the causation of asthma.
• Non-Citizen Population Estimates by Age Group and Gender Most of the female population was in the 20-24, 25-29 and 30-34 age brackets. Meanwhile, the majority of the male population was found in the 25-29, 30-34 and 35-39 age brackets.
• Education Role in Prompting Effective Population-Wide Health Behaviour Change Despite the efforts exerted by governments, health activists, and other health organizations so as to provide vast education on health matters, limited health behaviour changes have been attained.
• Suicide Among Aboriginal Population The prevention officer’s main role is the wrong approach since it is generic in nature and not tied to the problems of the Aboriginal population.
• Florida Prisons: Location, Population and Current Issue This paper will identify the types and locations of Florida’s prisons with a description of the recent inmate population and an analysis of the issues that currently affect the prison system.
• Arthritis: Treatment and Impact on Population Arthritis is an inflammation of joints that results in pain in the affected joints and eventually, the pain spreads to the rest of the body parts.
• Homeless Persons as Vulnerable Population in the US The nature of homelessness and its link to the resources available, the status of health and related risks can be of great significant to nurses.
• Myth: The Aging Population Is to Blame for Uncontrollable The issue of aging of the population is very critical, especially because it becomes worrisome when the health expenses increase and policymakers left with a dilemma on what to focus on in addressing the situation.
• HIV/AIDS Pandemic Facing the Female Global Population The questions that arise are; what factors are contributing to the prevalence, who are the most affected and what are the actions taken to mitigate the HIV/AIDS epidemic?
• Gay Couples as Vulnerable Population and Self-Awareness The idea of same-sex marriages has developed in America to a legal platform. Cultural beliefs that undermine the role of same-sex parenting have an impact on the efficacy of gay couples as parents.
• Caring for the Community: Identification of a Population to Study This laboratory report aims at discussing the peculiarities of the diagnosed disease management and the ways of how sepsis can be developed in the patient’s organism using the results of X-rays and blood tests.
• Bill Proposal: The Vulnerable Population Although the health care law adds benefits to assist in making the Medicare prescription drug coverage more affordable upon reaching the Medicare Part D coverage gap, vulnerable populations have often fallen into what is commonly […]
• Heart Disease Among Hispanic & Latino Population One of the causes of the rise in the case of heart diseases in Westminster is the literacy rate of the Hispanic/Latinos in the county.
• The Spread of Ebola: Vulnerable Population of Liberia Aileen Mar a Marty has been dispatched to Liberia by the World Health Organization to help in combating the rapid spread of Ebola in some West African countries and in particular Liberia. The onset of […]
• Population Health Driver Diagram: Innovations and Their Use in Nursing The significance and effects of the PHDD was proven in 2012, when the reconsideration of the usage of antibiotics was on the agenda of both healthcare services and the services for public health provision.
• Sample Size (n) and Population Size (N) The formula is as follows: Where: n- Sample size in a study Variance of the population Z2- Variance/Error2 Error2- Square of error
• Diverse Population Needs in Prevention of Adult Falls In order to foster fall prevention, it is advisable for adults to exercise regularly in order to improve leg strength and consequently body balance.
• High Morbidity Rates Among the Elderly Population Are Attributed to Falls This paper will explore the research question that: Does the Use of Psychotropic Medications Increase the Risk of Falls Compared to the Non Use of Psychotropic Medications in the Elderly Population?
• Examination of a Global Population Issue of Russia The country is one of the richest in the world. The country also has the largest forest cover in the world, and the largest fresh water lake.
• Alcoholism Among the Adult Population in Wisconsin Alcohol dependency, which is an offshoot of excessive alcohol consumption, has been noted to lead to behaviours such as child abuse and neglect, poor dietary habits and absenteeism among the adult population in Wisconsin.
• Target Population Selection: Regulating Patient Safety To discuss the process of the target population selection, it is necessary to focus on the selection procedures, sample size, the data collection methods, and on the statistics used to analyze the data in the […]
• Effects of Changes in Population Demographics Because of a considerable increase in the age of the HIV/AIDS New Jersey patients, the necessity to take the risks of cardiovascular diseases into account when choosing the type of treatment for the patients in […]
• Population Health Issue: Review
• Epidemiological Measures and Determinants of Population Health
• Population Health and Determinants
• Common Myths About Elderly Population
• Estimating Single Population Parameters
• Elderly Population: Are They Vulnerable?
• Aging Population in the Western United States
• Population Processes and Their Impact
• Human Papillomavirus and Gardasil for Teenage Population
• Population Increase and Birth Control
• Health Insurance in the USA: A Basic Necessity for the Population
• Race-Based Medicine: Diseases in Different Groups of the Population
• The Impacts of Underinsured Population
• Impact of Uninsured Population Project
• Substance Abuse and America’s Prison Population
• Population Health Initiative: Healthcare and Ambulatory Care
• Nursing – Vulnerable Population
• Bayou Region of Louisiana: Underserved Population Problems
• Reducing Salt Consumption Among the Population
• Insurance Barriers in Mental Health Population
• “The Prevalence of Paraphilic Interests and Behaviors in the General Population” by Joyal and Carpentier
• “Impact of Whole-Body MRI in a General Population Study” by Schmidt
• Breast Cancer: At-Risk Population, Barriers, and Improvement
• Polygamy and Baptism: Indian Population
• Vulnerable Population: Elderly With Dementia
• Indigenous and Torres Strait Population and Diabetes
• Health Issues of the Population
• Immunization of the Wildlife Population Against Rabies
• Disparities in Healthcare Population Related to the Geriatric Population
• Poverty: Causes and Effects on the Population and Country
• Achieving the Dream Program for Student Population
• The Jewish People: Culture and Population
• Transnational Population of Tamils in Sri Lanka
• ‘The Tide of Population’ by Ehrlich and ‘Too Many Mouths to Feed’ by Lappe
• Human Population Growth and Limiting Factors
• Background Information on Population Census in the USA
• Biodiversity: Population Versus Ecosystem Diversity by David Tilman
• Police Officers Working With Diverse Population. Challenges and Solutions
• Impact of Uninsured in Rural Population
• ”American Holocaust” by David E. Stannard and the Destruction of the Indigenous Population
• Urban Population and Environment
• Thomas Malthus Population Growth Theory
• How Popular Is the Congress Among the Population?
• India’s Population Care and Composition
• The Minority Population in the USA on Purchasing Power
• Population and Environment in South Australia
• Population Grows And Environment
• Human Population Ecology: Human Interaction With the Environment
• Healthcare in the Middle East and the Aging Rates Among the Population
• Increasing Population of People Aged Over 65 Years
• Advocating for a Vulnerable Elderly Population
• Population Growth and World Hunger Links
• Individuals and Families in a Diverse Society: Ageing Population
• Moral Arguments and Population Issues Analysis
• Aging Population of the World as a Healthcare Issue
• Implications of Patient-Centered Care Approach in Rural Population
• Care Coordination for Aging Population in the Clinical Setting
• Population Pressure, Surplus Population, Nature, and Capitalist Development
• Dementia in Elderly Population
• Primary Prevention for the Aging Population
• Chinese Population’s Lifestyle and Diseases
• How Vaccine Refusal Influences the Health of the U.S. Population
• Climate Change Effects on Population Health
• Understanding of Viral Marketing Effectiveness and Population Marketing
• Sustainable Future and World Population Trends
• Biodiversity and Animal Population in Micronesia
• Aging Population Impact on the Labor Market
• Automatic Teller Machines and the Older Population
• Human Population Growth and Carrying Capacity
• Native American Population and Federal Policies
• “Population & Environment” in Mazur’s Feminist Approach
• Breastfeeding Counseling for Low-Income Latino Population
• Perception of Diabetes in the Hispanic Population
• Health Challenges: Low-Income Filipino Population
• Baby Boomer Population Impact on Health Care
• Environmental Ethics and Human Population
• Cancer Epidemiology for American Population
• The UAE Population: Xenical and Weight Loss
• Xenical and Weight Loss in the UAE Population
• Vulnerable Population in Biopsychosocial Assessment
• Hypothesis Testing for Single Population
• Health Service for Australian Indigenous Population
• Health Care for Disabled Population in the US
• Positive Psychology to Understand the Elderly Population
• Hypertension Effects on the African American Population
• Population Health Promotion in Spartanburg
• Australian Population Growth and Forecast for 2020
• Aging Population Trends in American Society
• Population Health and Education in the USA
• Urban Planning and Growing Population
• Climate Changes and Human Population Distribution
• China and India Population: Causes, Impact and Management
• Wolf Population’s Restoration in Adirondack Park
• Community Health and Population-Focused Nursing
• Aging Population Issues in American Prison System
• Berlin as a Home for Culturally Diverse Population
• Obesity in the US Population
• Disposable Water Bottle Usage by Youth Population
• Counseling Native Americans vs. White Population
• Population Size and Foreign Direct Investment
• Population Growth Control and Malthus’ View on It
• Film Theory: Impact on Modern Population
• Population Literacy Skills in Arab Countries
• Literacy of Population in Arab Countries
• The Impacts of Immigrant Population on Median Income
• Medicine: HIV/AIDS as the Key Threat for the Kenyan Population
• Canadian Healthcare Spending on Aging Population
• Global Population Increasing and Control
• Population Growth and the Associated Concerns
• Global Population Innovation and Sustainability
• Healthcare Issues of Elderly Population
• Elderly Population Loneliness Problem
• The Homeless Population Reducing
• Poor Children as a Vulnerable Population
• Vulnerable Population in Laurel
• The Implication of Population Demographics on Businesses
• Global Population Trends
• Human Population Growing Major Issues
• Impact of Aging Population on the US Economy
• Role of Civilian Population in World War I
• Government Issues: The Population Rate Reduction
• Muslims Increase and the Spread of Islam
• Effects of Population Density and Noise
• Population Increase Problem
• Minority Population at Risk: Homelessness
• Comparing the Population Growth of India and the United States
• The Human Population, Demographic Transition: Phase IV
• Population Growth Impacts on the Environment
• Descriptive Method Design – Sample Population
• Effects of Ageing Population as Driving Force
• Latino Population: Heterogeneity, Migration, Acculturation and Health
• European Colonization Impacts on the Native American Population
• Public Health in Culturally Diverse Population
• Social Perspectives in Population Health
• Population Growth Control
• Population Ageing in Canada
• Relationship Between Japanese Population in the US and Illegal Immigrants
• Supporting of Marijuana Legalization Among the Adult Population
• Review of Journal: China’s Floating Population
• Population and Sustainability
• Aging Population in Singapore
• Macroeconomic Policy About Population Growth
• Effects of Man on Wild Salmon Population
• Valid and Invalid Application of BDI in a Population
• The Effects of Population Density and Noise
• Definition of Alcohol Misuse (Alcohol Abuse and Addiction) in Youth Population Age 18-29
• Socio-Economic Benefits of Immigrant Population in the US and Canada
• Population Pyramids: UK, Indonesia, and Ethiopia
• The Civil Rights Movement: Oppressing the Black Population
• Problems in Elderly Population in Modern World
• The Planning Action to Bring Water to the Town Population
• Discrimination of Certain Categories of the Population
• Current Issues in Global Business: Effects of Population Trends and the Over Aging of Many Western Countries
• Exponential Population Growth: It Is a Small World, After All
• Population Growth and the Distribution of Human Populations to Effects on the Environment
• Human Population and Global Resources
• The East African Market: Population Demographics and Economic Segments
• Consequences of an Older Population
• Examination of a Global Population Issue
• The Hispanic Population in the United States
• Population Health Assessment: The African Americans in Brooklyn
• Population Demographics: Hungary
• Ageing Population Will Affect Countries in the Future
• Reasons Why the Black Women Population Did Not Consider Themselves a Part of the Ongoing Feminist Movements
• Jonathan Kozol: America’s Poor Population in “Amazing Grace”
• High Population Growth
• Environmental Controversy: Population Growth and Soil Fertility
• Understanding Alzheimer’s Disease Among Older Population
• Recent Population Trends and Their Impact on Cities and Suburbs
• Effects of Population Density
• Fluoride and Mercury – The Dumbing Down of Our Population
• The Problem of Population Aging in the US
• The St. Croix Chippewa Ojibwa Indians and the Somali Population
• The Worrying Population Statistics
• History of the English Population During the 19th Century
• Effects of the Columbia River Dams on Salmon Population
• Causes of Technological and Economic Growth by Ester Boserup in Population and Technology and by Lewis Mumford in The Myth of Machine: Technics and Human Development
• Global Population Issues and Population in the UAE
• How Many Types of Population Are There?
• What Is the Full Population of Earth?
• How Does Population Impact Economic Development?
• How Does Population Affect the Economy?
• How Does Population Growth Affect the Quality of Life?
• What Are the Types of Population?
• Is the Human Population Decreasing?
• What Is Population Based On?
• How Do You Determine Population?
• What Is True Population Effect?
• What Causes High Population?
• What Are the Things That Increase a Population?
• What Will Happen if Increase in Population?
• Why Do We Sample the Population?
• What Are Population Made Of?
• What Are the Benefits of Population?
• How Do You Control a Population?
• How Can the Population Growth Be Reduce?
• What Factors Decrease Population?
• What Is the Difference Between the Sample and Population?
• What Are the Main Problems of Population?
• Why Is Population Growth Important?
• How Does Population Affect the Environment?
• How Does Population Growth Affect Natural Resources?
• Does Population Affect Climate?
• Social Science Titles
• Racism Paper Topics
• Human Trafficking Titles
• Poverty Essay Titles
• Marriage Essay Ideas
• Kindergarten Essay Topics
• Indigenous People Research Topics
• Immigration Titles
• Chicago (A-D)
• Chicago (N-B)

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Home > Topics > Population Policy

Population Policy and Demographic Analysis

Submissions from 2024 2024.

The Ten Trillion Dollar Disease , David E. Bloom, Simiao Chen, and Arindam Nandi

Vaccination for healthy aging , David E. Bloom, Simone Pecetta, Francesco Berlanda Scorza, Andrea Carfi, Bruce Carleton, Mariateresa Cipriano, Kathryn Edwards, Gianmarco Gasperini, Richard Malley, Arindam Nandi, Aurelia Nguyen, Lynda Stuart, Steve Black, and Rino Rappuoli

Cost of care for Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias in the United States: 2016 to 2060 , Arindam Nandi, Nathaniel Counts, Janina Broker, Sabrina Malik, Simiao Chen, Rachael Han, Jessica Klusty, Benjamin Seligman, Daniel Tortorice, Daniel Vigo, and David E. Bloom

Sub-national population projections for Mexico under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) in the context of climate change , Ricardo Regules-García, Ana C. Gomez-Ugarte, Hamidreza Zoraghein, and Leiwen Jiang

Submissions from 2023 2023

Demographic and health surveys and its quality in India , Rajib Acharya, K.S. James, Sri Kant Singh, and Niranjan Saggurti

Population and environment: The evolution of the debate between optimists and pessimists , John Bongaarts

Is Pakistan’s fertility transition stalling? , John Bongaarts and Zeba Sathar

The interdependent forces of local growth: A county-level study, 2001–2011 , Matthew Thomas Clement, Nathaniel Dede-Bamfo, Jack DeWaard, and Seoyoun Kim

Validating indicators for monitoring availability and geographic distribution of emergency obstetric and newborn care (EmoNC) facilities: A study triangulating health system, facility, and geospatial data , Jewel Gausman, Veronica Pingray, Richard M. Adanu, Delia Bandoh, Mabel Berrueta, Jeff Blossom, Suchandrima Chakraborty, Winfred Dotse-Gborgbortsi, Ernest Kenu, Nizamuddin Khan, Ana Langer, Carolina Nigri, Magdalene Odikro, Sowmya Ramesh, Niranjan Saggurti, Paula Vázquez, Caitlin R. Williams, and R. Rima Jolivet

Forecasting COVID-19 and other infectious diseases for proactive policy: Artificial intelligence can help , Morteza Karimzadeh, Thoai Ngo, Benjamin Lucas, and Hamidreza Zoraghein

Exploring the urban gradient in population health: Insights from satellite-derived urbanicity classes across multiple countries and years in sub-Saharan Africa , Peter M. Macharia, Jessie Pinchoff, Cameron Taylor, and Lenka Benova

Assessing the impact of measurement error in household consumption on estimates of catastrophic health expenditure in India , Sanjay Kumar Mohanty, Suraj Maiti, Santosh Kumar Sharma, Laxmi Kant Dwivedi, and Niranjan Saggurti

Demographic trends and population health: Tackling inequality in a world of eight billion people , Thoai Ngo

Do income and income inequality have any impact on morbidity? Evidence from the India Human Development Survey , Sourabh Paul

Transition in dietary quality: Evidence from India , Sourabh Paul and Sohini Paul

Dataset: Classifying climate vulnerability and inequalities in India, Mexico, and Nigeria: A latent class analysis approach , Jessie Pinchoff

A shot at economic prosperity: Long-term effects of India’s childhood immunization program on earnings and consumption expenditure , Amit Summan, Arindam Nandi, and David E. Bloom

National guidelines for data quality in surveys: An overview , M. Vishnu Vardhana Rao, Damodar Sahu, Saritha Nair, Ravendra Kumar Sharma, Bal Kishan Gulati, Rajib Acharya, Bidhubhusan Mahapatra, Sowmya Ramesh, Nizamuddin Khan, Trisha Chaudhuri, Kanika Sandal, Vijit Deepani, Sangeeta Dey, and Niranjan Saggurti

Changes in migration determinants along the urban hierarchy in China , Michael White, Liangliang Sun, and Leiwen Jiang

Submissions from 2022 2022

Has urbanization slowed down in Pakistan? , G.M. Arif, Maqsood Sadiq, Zeba Sathar, Leiwen Jiang, and Sabahat Hussain

The Urban Century , Deborah Balk

Extramarital fertility in low- and middle-income countries , John Bongaarts and John B. Casterline

Fertility Transition in the Developing World , John Bongaarts and Dennis Hodgson

A3 Policy Checklist User Guide , Yeeva Cheng and Cara Kraus-Perrotta

An Overview of the Adolescent Data Hub (ADH) , Yeeva Cheng and Cara Kraus-Perrotta

Building the A3 Policy Checklist , Yeeva Cheng and Cara Kraus-Perrotta

Guide d’utilisation de la liste de contrôle de la politique A3 , Yeeva Cheng and Cara Kraus-Perrotta

L’élaboration de la liste de contrôle pour les politiques A3 , Yeeva Cheng and Cara Kraus-Perrotta

From Data to Action: Informing Menstrual Health Management Programs , Emily EunYoung Cho, Karen Austrian, and Nicole Haberland

Beyond Eight Billion: Why Population Continues to Matter for Global Development , Alex Ezeh

Demography’s Lessons for Addressing the Climate Emergency in the World of 8 Billion , Elizabeth Fussell

8 Billion and Then What? , Anne Goujon

The Data We Need for the Future We Want , Kathryn Grace and Emily Klancher Merchant

The Most Populous: India’s Demographic Journey , K S James

The importance of reclassification to understanding urban growth: A demographic decomposition of the United States, 1990–2010 , Leiwen Jiang, Bryan Jones, Deborah Balk, and Brian C. O'Neill

Role of social network on life satisfaction among older persons in Delhi, India: A structural equation modelling , Dolly Kumari, Jeetendra Yadav, Vineet Kumar Kamal, and Raj Kumar Verma

Asset and consumption gradient of health estimates in India: Implications for survey and public health research , Sanjay Kumar Mohanty, S.K. Singh, Santosh Kumar Sharma, Kajori Banerjee, and Rajib Acharya

Introduction , Raya Muttarak and Joshua Wilde

The World at 8 Billion , Raya Muttarak and Joshua Wilde

Childhood vaccinations and demographic transition: Long-term evidence from India , Arindam Nandi, Amit Summan, Thoai Ngo, and David E. Bloom

Résumé sur l’utilisation et l’impact de la recherche: Traduire les données probantes en impact: améliorer la santé en Afrique de l’Ouest francophone et dans le Sahel , Population Council

Translating evidence into impact: Enhancing health in Francophone West Africa and the Sahel , Population Council

Water scarcity and human (im)mobility: Identifying internal migration patterns driven by water depletion across 72 countries , Population Council

Sustainable Development and the World at 8 Billion , Population Division, United Nations Division of Economic and Social Affairs

Challenges and measures to improve interviewers’ bias in large-scale demographic surveys in India: Some suggestions based on analysis of NFHS-4 data , Tarun K. Roy and Rajib Acharya

Key drivers of fertility levels and differentials in India, at the national, state and population subgroup levels, 2015–2016: An application of Bongaarts' proximate determinants model , Susheela Singh, Chander Shekhar, Akinrinola Bankole, Rajib Acharya, Suzette Audam, and Temitope Akinade

Eight Billion Ageing Citizens , Vegard Skirbekk

Building the Adolescent Indicators and Gender Gaps Dashboard , Lauren Woyczynski, Christina Misunas, and Md. Irfan Hossain

Élaboration du tableau de bord A3 des indicateurs relatifs aux adolescents et du tableau de bord des écarts entre les sexes , Lauren Woyczynski, Christina Misunas, and Md. Irfan Hossain

Submissions from 2021 2021

From Data to Action: Partnering with Governments on Evidence to Support Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic , Karen Austrian, Beth Kangwana, Julie Mwabe, Guillermo Santiago, and Isabel Vieitez Martínez

Global harmonization of urbanization measures: Proceed with care , Deborah Balk, Stefan Leyk, Mark R. Montgomery, and Hasim Engin

Who Is Doing the Research? The Implications of the Pandemic for Researchers in the Population Sciences , Ann K. Blanc, Sanyukta Mathur, and Stephanie Psaki

Meeting the Moment: New Data on Learning Loss and What We Can Do About It , Emily EunYoung Cho, Karen Austrian, and Nicole Haberland

From Data to Action: Partnering with Governments on Evidence to Support Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic , Emily EunYoung Cho, Karen Austrian, and Isabel Vieitez Martínez

Prevalence of hypertension and its socio-demographic correlates: A micro level study among Santals of Bankura district, West Bengal, India , B.M. Das, T. Kundu Chowdhury, Arupendra Mozumdar, and S.K. Roy

Covid-19 and the Global Demographic Research Agenda , Landis MacKellar and Rachel Friedman

Cities and their environments , Mark R. Montgomery, Jessie Pinchoff, and Erica Chuang

Prevalence and associates of natural menopause and surgical menopause among Indian women aged 30 to 49 years: An analysis of the National Family Health Survey , Arupendra Mozumdar

Rethinking the Role of Demographers in Times of Crisis , Thoai Ngo and Stephanie Psaki

Covid-19 and the Opportunity for a Demographic Research Reset , Zeba Sathar

Spatiotemporal prediction of COVID-19 cases using inter- and intra-county proxies of human interactions , Behzad Vahedi, Morteza Karimzadeh, and Hamidreza Zoraghein

Submissions from 2020 2020

Fertility preferences and behaviors among younger cohorts in Egypt: Recent trends, correlates, and prospects for change , Nahla G. Abdel-Tawab, Shadia Attia, Nourhan Bader, Rania Roushdy, Shatha El-Nakib, and Doaa Oraby

Policy brief: Fertility preferences and behaviors among younger cohorts in Egypt: Recent trends, correlates, and prospects for change [Arabic] , Nahla G. Abdel-Tawab, Shadia Attia, Nourhan Bader, Rania Roushdy, Shatha El-Nakib, and Doaa Oraby

Social dimensions of fertility behavior and consumption patterns in the Anthropocene , Scott Barrett, Aisha Dasgupta, Partha Dasgupta, W. Neil Adger, Jeroen van den Bergh, Caroline H. Bledsoe, John Bongaarts, Stephen Carpenter, F. Stuart Chapin III, Anne-Sophie Crépin, Gretchen Daily, Paul R. Ehrlich, Carl Folke, Nils Kautsky, Eric F. Lambin, Simon A. Levin, Karl-Göran Mäler, Rosamond L. Naylor, Karine Nyborg, Stephen Polasky, Marten Scheffer, Jason Shogren, Peter Søgaard Jørgensen, Brian Walker, and James Wilen

Trends in fertility and fertility preferences in sub-Saharan Africa: The roles of education and family planning programs , John Bongaarts

Population, development, and policy , John Bongaarts, Michele Gragnolati, S. Amer Ahmed, and Jamaica Corker

How are key demographic indicators related to COVID-19 reported in the United States: A data review protocol—Study description , Charlotte Brasseux, Thoai Ngo, and Mingqi Song

Dataset: Tracking COVID-19 data reporting and analysis in the United States , Charlotte Brasseux, Thoai Ngo, Mingqi Song, and Saleh Abbas

Dataset—The health, economic, and social effect of COVID-19 and its response on gender and sex: A literature review , Hannah Briggs and Thoai Ngo

The health, economic, and social effect of COVID-19 and its response on gender and sex: A literature review , Hannah Briggs and Thoai Ngo

Population scenarios for U.S. states consistent with Shared Socioeconomic Pathways , Leiwen Jiang, Brian C. O'Neill, Hamidreza Zoraghein, and Steve Dahlke

COVID-19: Demography, economics, migration and the way forward , Landis MacKellar

The effect of education on determinants of climate change risks , Brian C. O'Neill, Leiwen Jiang, Samir KC, Regina Fuchs, Shonali Pachauri, Emily K. Laidlow, Tiantian Zhang, Wei Zhou, and Xiaolin Ren

Health workforce demography: A framework to improve understanding of the health workforce and support achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals , Sylvia Szabo, Andrea Nove, Zoe Matthews, Ashish Bajracharya, Ibadat Dhillon, Devendra Raj Singh, Aurora Saares, and James Campbell

U.S. state-level projections of the spatial distribution of population consistent with shared socioeconomic pathways , Hamidreza Zoraghein and Brian C. O'Neill

Submissions from 2019 2019

Health financing and family planning in the context of Universal Health Care: Connecting the discourse , Gabrielle Appleford and Saumya RamaRao

Health financing and family planning in the context of universal health care: Connecting the discourse in Kenya , Gabrielle Appleford and Saumya RamaRao

Population: The current state and future prospects , John Bongaarts

Does childrearing affect women's economic opportunities? , John Bongaarts, Ann K. Blanc, and Katharine McCarthy

The links between women’s employment and children at home: Variations in low- and middle-income countries by world region , John Bongaarts, Ann K. Blanc, and Katharine McCarthy

Climate change and contraception , John Bongaarts and Régine Sitruk-Ware

The heterogeneity and change in the urban structure of metropolitan areas in the United States, 1990–2010 , Stefan Leyk, Deborah Balk, Bryan Jones, Mark R. Montgomery, and Hasim Engin

Using Demographic and Health Surveys in the campaign to end FGM/C: A Kenyan example , Dennis Matanda and Caroline W. Kabiru

Associations between FGM/C and HIV in Ethiopia, the Gambia, Kenya, and Sierra Leone: A limited analysis of Demographic and Health Survey data , Yetunde A. Noah Pinheiro, Zhuzhi Moore, and David Gathara

Empirically based spatial projections of US population age structure consistent with the shared socioeconomic pathways , Erich Striessnig, Jing Gao, Brian C. O'Neill, and Leiwen Jiang

Submissions from 2018 2018

From fertility preferences to reproductive outcomes in the developing world , John Bongaarts and John B. Casterline

Exploration du rôle potentiel des pharmacies privées dans l’offre de services de planification familiale au Sénégal: Revue documentaire sur les évidences non juridiques , Alou Diaby, Fatou Mbow, Mohamadou Sall, and Sara Chace Dwyer

Adolescent Data Hub User Guide , GIRL Center

Extreme weather events induced deaths in India 2001–2014: Trends and differentials by region, sex and age group , Bidhubhusan Mahapatra, Monika Walia, and Niranjan Saggurti

Exploration du rôle potentiel des pharmacies privées dans l’offre de services de planification familiale au Sénégal: analyse secondaire es données de ADEMAS , Fatou Mbow, Amadou Korka Diallo, Nafissatou Diop, Sérigne Momar Kane, Cheikh Saad Bou Sarr, and Sara Chace Dwyer

Exploration du rôle potentiel des pharmacies privées dans l’offre de services de planification familiale au Sénégal: Recherche qualitative , Fatou Mbow, Nafissatou Diop, Sara Chace Dwyer, Fatou Ndiaye, and Bocar Mamadou Daff

Exploration du rôle potentiel des pharmacies privées dans l’offre de services de planification familiale au Sénégal : Synthèse de l’étude , Fatou Mbow, Sara Chace Dwyer, and Nafissatou Diop

Exploring the potential for private pharmacies to provide family planning services in Senegal , Fatou Mbow, Sara Chace Dwyer, and Nafissatou Diop

Exploration du rôle potentiel des pharmacies privées dans l’offre de services de planification familiale au Sénégal: Revue documentaire sur les aspects juridiques , Fatou Mbow, Ndeye Dome Fall, Nafissatou Diop, and Sara Chace Dwyer

Validation studies for population-based intervention coverage indicators: Design, analysis, and interpretation , Melinda K. Munos, Ann K. Blanc, Emily D. Carter, Thomas P. Eisele, Steve Gesuale, Joanne Katz, Tanya Marchant, Cynthia K. Stanton, Harry Campbell, and Improving Coverage Measurement Group

Adolescent Data Hub , Population Council GIRL Center

Submissions from 2017 2017

Religious differentials in morbidity prevalence and health care seeking behaviours among older persons in India , Gopal Agrawal and Sangram Kishor Patel

Fertility transitions in Ghana and Kenya: Trends, determinants, and implications for policy and programs , Ian Askew, Baker Ndugga Maggwa, and Francis Obare

The effect of contraception on fertility: Is sub-Saharan Africa different? , John Bongaarts

The role of public-sector family planning programs in meeting the demand for contraception in sub-Saharan Africa , John Bongaarts and Karen Hardee

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Primary Research Areas

Primary research areas.

Demography is the study of population growth, mobility, fertility, and mortality. With its focus on contemporary social, biological, and environmental issues, CSDE research bridges divides between disciplines.

Demographic Measurements and Methods

How many are we? How fast is our society growing? How do we generate accurate population estimates? These are just a few questions UW demographers and population scientists seek to answer.

Environments and Populations

How are humans shaped by their surrounding environments? For example, how do neighborhoods influence nutrition? How does climate change affect human migration? UW population science attempts to answer these questions and more.

Health of People and Populations

From investigations of birth outcomes and reproductive health to aging and morbidity, CSDE researchers are at the forefront of population health. Other areas of focus include disease, mental well-being, and biosocial determinants of health.

Migrations and Settlement s

Our Research Affiliates are investigating the archeology of mobility and settlement, immigrant adaptation, migration and health, and the causes of migration.

Wellbeing of Families and Households

CSDE Affiliates’ scientific contributions further our understanding about the transition to adulthood, family dynamics and relationship quality, and poverty and inequality.

283 Population Essay Topics

🏆 best essay topics on population, 👍 good population research topics & essay examples, 🌶️ hot population ideas to write about, 🎓 most interesting population research titles, 📌 easy population essay topics, ✍️ population essay topics for college, 💡 simple population essay ideas, ❓ research questions about population.

• The Issues of Aging Population
• Recycling in Dubai and Its Impact on the Population and Environment
• Impact of a Growing Elderly Population
• Population Growth and Technology
• Critique of Population Health Intervention
• Business Analysis: Population and Sampling Techniques
• Dubai Spatial Planning. Population and Urban Growth
• Population Parameters in Statistics Population parameters refer to the statistical measures that are fixed and when used as variables, they make the population distribution descriptive hence descriptive statistics.
• Human Population Growth and Environment The article argues, as a result, with an increasing trend in the human population, there are negative impacts on the environment.
• Social Impact of Population Growth The case study concentrates on South Africa as an example to show the impact of population rate growth and climate change on social and economic spheres in developing countries.
• Natural Resources and Population Growth In the modern world, two main global problems threaten the survival of all flora and fauna: an increase in population and exhaustion of the planet’s natural resources.
• Population Growth and Agriculture in the Future The current industrial agriculture needs to be advanced and developed in combination with sustainable agricultural practices.
• Health Promotion Among Hispanic-Latino Population This paper aims to review the health status of the Hispanic/Latino population and discuss the best health promotion methods for this segment.
• Evidence-Based Population Health Improvement Plan The essay focuses on what epidemiological and environmental issues contribute to obesity in California and offers an effective and evidence-based approach to address the problem.
• Female Population of India Introduction It is hard to disagree that it is essential for humans to be aware of cultural differences and know how females are treated in various areas. Such a knowledge allows persons to learn how their own counties can be improved. The area selected for this assignment is India, and…
• Horse Population, Evolution, and Physiology The evolution of horses occurred over a period of 55 million years. By analyzing bones and DNA of the ancient horses, we are able to get an idea about their origins.
• Vulnerable Population in Modern Society The following paper is to cover different reasons that make populations vulnerable under the variety of circumstances, to examine some events that may cause it.
• Demographic Data and Population Pyramid The primary purpose of the population pyramid is to display differences between different groups of people in a comprehensive manner to make it easier to analyze the information that is available.
• Coconut Grove: Vulnerable Population Assessment Coconut Grove is a neighborhood in the southern part of Miami Florida roughly constituted of twenty thousand people. This paper will discuss the prevalent health problem in this area.
• Vulnerable Population Assessment in Miami, Florida In Miami, Florida, the priority community health problem is the obesity of middle-aged adults. It is related to a Healthy People 2020 topic of nutrition and weight status.
• Population, Urbanization, and Environment The boom of urbanization came during the second half of the 20th century, when the world’s urban population almost doubled, from 29 to about 61%.
• Health of North Miami Beach Vulnerable Population The purpose of this paper is to assess the vulnerable population in North Miami Beach by describing its specific characteristics, exploring strengths, risk factors, and barriers.
• Egypt’s Population, Languages, Religion & Culture Egypt is a transcontinental nation that extends to the southwest corner of Asia and the northeast corner of Africa. Egypt is considered third of the largest economies in Africa.
• The Great Pacific Gyre and Indigenous Population The paper examines the problem of the Great Pacific Gyre, its effects on the indigenous population, and approaches to fix it.
• Prison Population by Ethnic Group and Sex Labeling theory, which says that women being in “inferior” positions will get harsher sentences, and the “evil women hypothesis” are not justified.
• The Decline in the Honeybee Population and Its Effects in the U.S. This essay outlines three adverse outcomes of the decrease in the honeybee population for farmers in the United States.
• Population Growth Rates Analysis The countries we come across who have the highest population in the world are China, India, United States, Indonesia, Brazil, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Russia, Nigeria, and Japan.
• Impact of the 2008 Election on the Hispanic Population The 2008 presidential election can be considered a major historical event, as the percentage of the Hispanic population that voted for Obama was the highest ever.
• Vulnerable Population: Definition and Analysis In research, the vulnerable population is defined as a group of individuals that requires a higher level of protection against the consequences of participation in the study.
• Aging Population: Contemporary Issue Population aging is becoming increasingly common in the industrialized nation beginning from the 21st century and is now continuing to cause harm to the population.
• Hispanic Population’s Health at Miami-Dade County Miami-Dade County ranks 23 out of 67 counties in the state of Florida. 67.3 percent of the population is Hispanic and encounters several chronic diseases.
• Population-Focused Nurse Practitioner Competencies The present work discusses similarities and differences between core competencies of family nurse practitioners and nurse administrators.
• Guatemala’s Population, Territory, and Traditions This research paper examines Guatemala in terms of its population, territorial distribution, traditions and beliefs.
• Distraction from Injections in a Pediatric Population This paper examines various distraction interventions and their impact on pain, anxiety, and fear reduction in children and adolescents during injections.
• Preventing Infection and Transmission of COVID-19 in the Population To address the problem of rapid transmission of COVID, the US government created public health and safety measures, which have been implemented in many states across the country.
• Promoting Better Health for the American Population The official statistic shows that the United States life expectancy rate is significantly lower than in the majority of developed countries of the world.
• The Vulnerable Population: Homeless The Vulnerable Population: Homeless do not have permanent home. Some homeless people sleep in a shelter or hotel. An individual is considered homeless if they sleep in their car.
• Challenges Faced by Hispanic Immigrant Population The purpose of this article is to briefly describe the problems faced by Hispanic immigrants and suggest ways in which you can help them.
• Social Workers’ Advocacy for Queer Population At the international level, local social workers are not able to introduce significant changes and help LGBTQ people.
• Statistics Application: Population and Sample Descriptive statistics presents some sample properties, while an inferential approach analyzes the sample to make conclusions about the broader population.
• “China’s Population Destiny: The Looming Crisis” by Wang Feng The article “China’s Population Destiny: The Looming Crisis” by Wang Feng explores the untouched element of the Chinese population, which remains a monumental topic.
• Population, Life Expectancy Rate of Different Countries Life expectancy, literacy rate and per capita GDP are very good indicators of quality of life in a country and therefore, these variables should be studied in detail and understood well.
• Population Changes and Its Impact on Economic Activity This paper attempts to achieve a better understanding between changes in the population and its subsequent impact on economic activity within specific regions and how this influences the construction industry.
• Miami Gardens’ Vulnerable Population Health The paper overviews, assesses, and discusses the vulnerable population of Miami Gardens in order to identify the related community health problem typical for the selected area.
• Communication Strategies with a Vulnerable Population Communication during a crisis is essential for both victims and the emergency services. Often, conventional forms of communication are unavailable due to the circumstances of the crisis.
• The Population of the Alternative Currencies Alternative currencies’ popularity has risen because of their well-known benefits, such as ease of storage, minimal transaction fees, and speed.
• Health Disparities of Transgender Population The problem is centered around the healthcare inequality experienced by members of the transgender community, where the barriers include financial factors and discrimination.
• Population Health Data in California The role of nursing staff in improving population health indicators is high, particularly given the fact that various levels of academic training are offered to nurses.
• Epidemiology of Population Health The development of a public health policy provides information, recommendations, evidence, and the presentation of a position to the authorities.
• Telehealth and Population Health Speciality In the past, most patients, especially those from rural areas, have encountered many challenges that prevent them from accessing hospital facilities.
• DNP Admission Essay: Polypharmacy in an Elderly Population A nurse leader is expected to be a capable team leader and organizer, skilled in care delivery and administrative roles.
• Health Problems Facing the Vulnerable Population Despite aspirations and efforts in the U. S. to eliminate or minimize inequalities in healthcare by 2010, disadvantaged societies endure facing large differences in morbidity.
• The Ugly History of Environmental Fears and Population Controls Rapid population growth and its strain on global resources are one of the most significant discussion points of the twenty-first century.
• The US Economy’s Effects of the Aging Population This paper aims to evaluate and address the effects of an aging population on the United States economy with the support of real-life examples.
• Health Risks of Homeless Population The issue of the homeless population is diverse and encompasses many underlying challenges to individuals who are homeless and social infrastructure at the same time.
• Puerto Rico: Declining Human Population Lack of land resources and continuous population growth in Puerto Rico exacerbate the housing problem, as the question arises that there is virtually nowhere to build housing.
• Impact of Different Population Group on Children Development The active involvement of different population groups allows other children to understand and perceive the world differently.
• Political Leaning and Population Changes in Texas It is likely that the political leaning of the entire state of Texas as a whole will slowly change with the changes in its population.
• Substance Abuse in Population and How to Address It Substance abuse is one of the issues in the population that affect not only the people who conduct the abuse but those around them as well.
• Future Fuel Price Rise and Its Impact on Population Fuel prices significantly impact people’s daily lives, and the current price increase may seriously harm them.
• Population Aging: Benefits and Challenges While longer life expectancy and excellent health in later life are among the century’s shining successes in many parts of the world, these changes also pose several challenges.
• Descriptive Statistics for the Infected Population A survey was performed to determine the demographic characteristics of the infected population. This survey involved 969 participants with a mean age of 29.06 years.
• St. Louis Hopes Afghan Refugees Boost Its Population This article discusses the decline in St. Louis’s population and the city’s efforts to attract Afghan refugees to reinvigorate its urban areas.
• Population Aging and Healthcare Concerns Population aging is a critical issue, and its solution requires effective and constant coordination between health care and aging systems.
• Analysis of Group Setting Population Social concerns associated with a decline in educational and cultural level, the blurring of life reference values, and the inability to interact constructively and resolve conflicts.
• Human Population Growth and Its Effects The rapid human population growth is a significant challenge from both a socio-economic and environmental perspective.
• Causes of the Changing Population of the World The rapid population growth rates have been caused by development in critical areas such as science, technology, medicine, and education.
• Judaism and Christianity: History and Population A dedicated analysis is needed to determine why Christianity currently has billions of adherents while Judaism remains the religion of just one nation.
• Cold War: History and Impact on Population This work aims to describe the causes and stages of the Cold War, as well as to assess its impact on the population through the use of qualitative research techniques.
• Health Systems and Population Health: Memorandum This memo aims to explain how the market and public policy changes, including reimbursement mechanisms, are driving changes in how the hospital engages in population health.
• Cannabis Legalization in the U.S.: Population Health Impacts This paper aims to provide the reflection of the counselor after reading the “Cannabis legalization in the US: Population health impacts” article.
• Esophageal Cancer: Description, Population Affected, and Prognosis In esophageal cancer, malignant cells develop in the esophagus tissues, leading to tumor formation; it accounts for 1% of all malignancies diagnosed in the USA each year.
• Indigenous Population of Brazil and the Struggle for Brazilian Rainforest The policy of aggressive agricultural expansion based on non-sustainable practices taken by the Brazilian government threatens the Amazon rainforest with with grave consequences.
• Social Work With Native American Population The Native American or Indigenous population has historically been challenged by severe oppression ever since the European population’s first arrival in the Americas.
• Population Science Meets Real Life The benefits of science in real life outweigh the disadvantages, and it is important to embrace science as a part of life.
• Telehealth for Vulnerable Population: Pros and Cons Certain advantages and disadvantages characterize any healthcare or medical achievement, and the promotion of telehealth for the vulnerable population is no exception.
• Access to Preventive Care as Population Health Issue The identified challenge concerned is the limited access to preventive care services, factors that contribute to it include lack of health insurance, transportation issues, etc.
• Depression in the Older Population The paper discusses depression is an actual clinical disorder for older people with specific reasons related to their age.
• Challenges of Treating Substance Abuse in Homeless Population Substance abuse remains among the major problems the health care industry is facing, also in developed countries.
• Population-Based Health Information Health data are information generated by healthcare centers relating to the condition, diagnosis, the type of treatment administered, and other patients’ definitions.
• Limited African Population Growth and Its Reasons There are two main factors behind the limited population growth in Africa in the past: unfavorable environment and the spread of deadly diseases.
• Population, Social Movements, and Social Change In various ways, the worldwide spread of social media is already influencing how individuals pursue and define social change.
• Vulnerable Population Assessment: First Nations Vulnerable populations are those individuals faced with adverse conditions such as a lack of financial resources, being homeless, and being among ethnic minorities.
• Population Analysis: The U.S. Versus Nigeria By comparing the differences in the population of the U.S. and Nigeria, one will infer crucial aspects of effective economic performance.
• The Responsibility of the Marketing Manager to the Population In the case under review, the dilemma lies in attracting the target population to the energy drink without discouraging them from consuming more expensive but healthier food.
• The Population-Health Oriented Policies The purpose of this work is to consider strategies for medical institutions that will be based on the provision of health services.
• Vulnerable Population: Safety Concerns Vulnerable population refers to the disadvantaged subsegments in society. In the healthcare industry, safety concerns for vulnerable people result in better healthcare services.
• COVID-19 Impact on New York State Population African Americans have been more affected by COVID-19 than other communities in the U.S. Social identities determine people’s vulnerability to epidemics.
• Population Control Discussion The paper describes forced birth control and disproves the assertion made in the video “Does Population Growth Lead to Hunger and Famine?”
• Issues Related to Freedom and Population Surveillance in China The paper emphasized several vital issues related to freedom and population surveillance in China, the adverse use of technology, and the importance of AI supremacy.
• Supporting the Population’s Health: The Role of Nurses Promoting healthy lifestyles is one of the main tasks of nurses in supporting the health of patients of different cultures.
• COVID-19 Among the African American Population in the United States Two years since it was first reported, the COVID-19 pandemic continues to rake havoc in many parts of the world.
• Average Lifespan: Human Population Data Analysis This lab aims to gather and analyze human population data using statistical methods to analyze data, that was gathered from the “Find a Grave” website.
• Personal Responsibility and World Population In the face of today’s conditions, when each decade, humanity grows more than in the last, it is of crucial importance for every person to understand their personal responsibility.
• Patient Engagement and Population Management Patient participation is an essential part of healthcare and is increasingly recognized as an important part of delivering safe and people-centered services.
• United States of America: Population Control Programs The overpopulation of the planet and the subsequent struggle for survival are among the main fears of civilization over the past centuries.
• Suicide Prevention for the Elderly Population Disturbing trends call for increased attention to the identification of underlying causes, recognition of warning signs, and prevention of suicide among the elderly.
• Global Warming in Relation to Human Population Size The density of the world population in the future is a crucial component of climate policy to safeguard the vulnerable future generation.
• Foodborne Illness as Population Health Concern in the US Foodborne illness affects at least one in every six Americans. Food safety issues claim over 3,000 deaths per year in the US.
• Issue of Aging Population: The Healthcare Challenge The US population is swiftly aging which poses challenges to healthcare system. It is estimated that approximately 20% of American people will reach the age of 65 within a decade.
• Fertility Rate as Population Dynamics Measurement The Natality index, or fertility rate, shows the number of children born theoretically by one woman until she reaches a specific age.
• Health of Population in Philadelphia Community Based on the Healthy People classification, the main public health determinants are Social Determinants of Health, Nutrition and Weight Status, and Access to Health Services.
• The Rise in Population in Europe in the Eighteenth Century The 18th century saw millions migrate from Europe to America and counter people from the country and other nations into European cities.
• Maintaining Population Nutrition General rations, supplementary feeding programs, and therapeutic feeding programs take the leading role in maintaining population nutrition.
• Immunization in Refugee and Immigrant Population The partners are chosen due to their roles in such processes as communication, care provision, and resource allocation, helping the nurse develop immunization programs.
• Enlightenment and Its Impact on the French Population and the Industrial Revolution The work examines the connections between the Enlightenment and the French people’s academic achievements, and its relation to the Industrial Revolution.
• COTA and Occupational Therapy within Adolescent Population with Cerebral Palsy This paper discusses the role of the Certified Occupational Therapy Assistant (COTA) in physical and developmental disabilities, and models of practice.
• An Investigation of HIV/ AIDS Prevention Program Targeted to Unique Population Group in Bangkok The prevention strategy for unique populations, like in the project initiated in Thailand, is aggravated by the necessity to study these populations.
• Aspects of Counseling African-American Population Due to various social factors, African Americans often suffer from depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and so on, and are in need of treatment.
• Affordable Care Act for North Carolina Uninsured Population The Act has provisions that set the new guidelines for the health insurance industry, ensure the expansion of the health insurance market, and create subsidies for the premiums.
• Covid-19 Pandemic and Mental Health of American Population After the Covid-19 outbreak, the depression rates in the US have increased threefold. The pandemic cost many people their employment, cut off social ties, and separated families.
• Population Health in the United States and Canada To begin with, it is obvious that the health outcomes of the U.S. and Canada are rather similar, as both are among high-income countries.
• African American Population’s Health-Related Problems This paper provides a critical analysis of the factors that put African Americans at greater health risks and steps that can be taken by the governments to address this problem.
• Vulnerable Population: Dependence on Field of Interest The concept of population vulnerability depends on the field of interest. In health, vulnerable populations are those susceptible to different diseases.
• Photovoice of Homeless Population Homelessness impacts our lives in a number of ways including matters to do with public health, public safety, and security issues.
• Advocacy Campaign for Hypertension in African American Population The paper argues health risks can be eliminated with the help of thoroughly designed and successfully implemented health advocacy campaigns.
• Suicidal Ideation & Depression in Elderly Living in Nursing Home vs. With Family This paper attempts to compare the incidence of suicidal ideation and depression among elderly individuals living in nursing homes and those living with family in the community.
• Biological Processes and Population Health The integration of biological and medical results to the population health has led to amassed linking factors to demographic measures.
• Moving Upstream to Improve Population Health Down Road This paper looks into the connections between the developmental origins of life and health and the rates of chronic diseases and life expectancy in the adult life.
• Reducing the Incidence of Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Foot in the Veteran Population The research proposes to use a comprehensive education program to reduce the incidence of diabetes mellitus and diabetic foot in the Veteran population.
• HIV Among Adolescents: Nurse Practitioners Intervention The increased prevalence of HIV among the representatives of the adolescent population can partly be attributed to drug abuse.
• Population-Based Care Method Overview Population-based care can be simply defined as a method that perceives patients as those seeking healthcare services, not as isolated entities, but as members of certain groups.
• Environmental Health Status of Population Environment plays a central role in the health status of a population because it comprises determinants of health that interacts in a complex manner.
• Health Care Reform and Its Effects on Population This paper analyzes health plans influence in Colorado based on the article “In Colorado, disparity in health plan prices underscores ambitions, and limits, of Affordable Care Act”.
• The Health Status of a Population Understanding the health status of a population is very important in public health. Mortality and morbidity are used as common indicators of measures of health.
• HIV in Adolescent Population: Healthy Promotion Intervention Plan The intervention program is about the distribution of leaflets for adolescents with HIV as well as other representatives of society.
• Autistic Children as Vulnerable Population in Maryland This paper looks at the evidence that proves that the problem of autism is a reality and that it exists in Maryland.
• Needs of a Growing Population This paper presents that individuals should be able to access services and acquire care in all areas, regardless of their geographic locations or economic status.
• Cholera: Overview of the Affected Population and Description of the Disease The paper describes one of the latest cholera epidemics to date that began in Haiti in 2010. Only in the past 12 months, no new cases have been reported.
• Aging Population: A Relevant Problem of the Future Increasing the retirement age or removing pension funding entirely comes with an adverse reaction from the population, and many countries cannot afford such measures.
• The Portrayal of the LGBTQ+ Population in the Media Many scholars have investigated the portrayal of the LGBTQ+ population in the media, noting that it does not always reflect reality.
• The Ethnicity Mixes and Growth of Houston’s Population The ethnicity mixes and growth of Houston’s population have brought about significant changes and improvements for the past three decades.
• Translational Science Model, the Organizational Setting and the Population The project will take place at a prevention and primary care medical office that employs ten people and provides services to roughly 25-30 adult patients a day.
• Healthcare Among the Elderly Prison Population The purpose of this article is to address the ever-increasing cost of older prisoners in correctional facilities.
• Present and Future Population Groups’ Evolution Evolution has always been an integral part of humanity. Human bodies still adapt to external conditions, which is confirmed by numerous research studies.
• Population Health: Social Determinants and Risk Factors Population health is linked to psychosocial, cognitive, and behavioral factors. There are social activities that affect individuals’ biological performances.
• Hispanic Community: Alcohol & Substance Abuse Among the Female Gender Population This study will focus on alcohol and substance abuse among the female gender population proportion (12-20 years and 25-45 years) in the Hispanic community in California.
• Aspects of Disadvantages in Socio Economic Position of the Population Risk health activities and physical activities are the important part of the public health theory, nevertheless, there is strong necessity to analyze people’s awareness on the health issues.
• Security of Data With the Elderly Population in the Health Care Sphere Any patient has the right to demand from the medical care organization to keep the information in the security.
• Social Policy Analysis: Stopping the Opioid Crisis in Veteran Population The problem of the opioid epidemic in the USA has been at the center of an ongoing discussion for years: veterans are twice as likely to die of opioid overdose as average citizens.
• Change of Population in the USA Since World War Two The population of the minorities since World War II experienced a notable increase. The minority group is consists of Hispanics, Asians, and the growing American Indian people.
• COVID-19 Impacts on the Global Population The coronavirus outbreak is affecting all strata of the global population, but it is evident that some communities are at a higher risk.
• A Dissemination Plan on Adolescent Obesity and Falls in Elderly Population Research on clinical diagnoses and conditions is essential for obtaining practical information and adjusting current intervention strategies.
• Fight Over Slavery of the Southern Population An increasing number of anti-slavery politicians and supporters of emancipation contributed to the paranoia among the Southern population.
• Target Client Population for a Health Coach Target Client Population for a Health Coach: young adults and older adults, men and women of any occupation and nationality wishing to keep fit and improve their health.
• COVID-19 and the Problem of Education the Population Globally The epidemic and its rapid pace have revealed a host of economic, financial, cultural, technological, and especially healthcare-related problems in modern society.
• Validity of a Vulnerable Population Assessing the validity of a vulnerable population is difficult with no generalized measures existing to evaluate the legitimacy of using the so-called “special groups” in research.
• Growing of the World Population The world population is growing at high speed due to increasing birth and decreasing death rates. It creates a problem of overpopulation on the planet.
• Population, Consumerism and Capitalism The author analyzes examines the joint impact of population, consumerism and capitalism on the economy and on the environment.
• Why the King Salmon Population Keeps Getting Smaller Human impact on landscapes and ecosystems, combined with fishing and the increase in the number of other fish, is negatively influencing the populations of chinook salmon.
• Children’s Obesity in the Hispanic Population The purpose of this manuscript is to examine nurses’ knowledge concerning the major risk factors of obesity in school-age Hispanic population.
• Hispanics as Vulnerable Population Children, women, the elderly, the poor and immigrants are main social groups considered to be vulnerable population.
• African American Population in the United States Socioeconomics of the African American population demonstrate that Black American middle class has long since established in the United States.
• Population Growth Rates: Population Mesa Census The city has witnessed a high increase in population which has contributed to the development of certain environmental and social problems.
• Pakistan Aging Profile: Increase in Old People’s Population This article looks at the aging profile of Pakistanis: successive births are reduced, hence the increase of old people’s population.
• Geography: Canadian Urban System and Population This paper will consider the size comparison within different cities as compared to the basic income and the changes in the economy due to population fluctuation in Canada.
• Principles of Population Health The idea of safe workplace is significant in modern society while talking about heavy industries. People are constantly trying to improve their life or to maintain stability in it.
• Population Density and Major Problems of This The paper shows the major problems related to population density and crowding as America also experiences the issue of population density.
• Exclusivity and Initiation: Breastfeeding Rates Variances Among Minority Population Breastfeeding is an integral part of an infant’s nourishment process that allows a child to receive the nutrients required for uninhibited development and health improvement.
• UK Population: Statistics Project This paper provides a discussion on the description and analysis of data. For this population, the population statistics of the UK for the years from 1970 to 2006 has been used.
• Dental Hygienists Helping Underserved Population Dental hygiene professionals promote the health of the oral cavity. The hygienist professional should be able to understand a patient to ensure proper health maintenance.
• Environmental Degradation as a Result of Growing Population It’s not always large populations that are ultimately the main cause of environmental stress. There’re a number of factors involved including larger populations, global warming.
• Genetics Impact on Health Care in the Aging Population This paper briefly assesses the impact that genetics and genomics can have on health care costs and services for geriatric patients.
• Healthcare Services for the Minority Population This paper addresses the strengths and weaknesses of the provided services for the minority population as a whole, and its groups, in particular, concerning National CLAS Standards.
• Nurses’ Role in Population Health According to Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, all nurses are obliged to promote population health, “regardless of their education level or their work assignment.”
• Aging Population in Canada and Public Policies The measures listed in this paper have to be proposed as the basis for the future policy aimed at maintaining the economic well-being of Canadians and Canada, in general.
• Older Adult Population: Community Health Promotion The paper analyzes the older adult population, their main demographic characteristics, mortality and morbidity risk factors, and effective plans for promoting health.
• Communicable Diseases: Measles and Its Impact on the Population
• African American Women Education: Barriers Population Faces
• Community Health and Population-Focused Nursing
• Health Promotion in Native Hawaiian Population
• Disabled as the Vulnerable Population of Miami
• Florida’s Population Health: Analysis and Recommendations
• Suburban Population in Miami: Community Settings and Community Health Nursing Roles
• Obesity Among the Adult Population: Research Planning
• Chronic Pain Management Studies: Population of Interest
• Gentrification and Its Merits for Population
• Hispanic and Latino Population Presentation
• Aging Population Issues and Legislative Protection
• American Population’s Profile in 2010
• Hispanic Ethnocultural Population: Immersion Project
• National and Cultural Identity of Canadian Population
• Industrial Revolution Causing Population Shift
• Skin Cancer in Latin American Population
• Health Promotion Among Latino Population in the US
• Population Health History and Management
• Population Growth: Potential Healthcare Issues
• The Geriatric Population’s Depression
• Homeless and Rural Population’s Health in Miami-Dade
• Diabetes Negligence in the Pediatric Population
• HIV Prevention and Education Among Population
• Talent Pipeline for Population Health
• Impact of Filipino Population Cultural Group on Healthcare
• Caring for Vulnerable Population: Substance Abuse
• Colon Cancer Among Male Hispanic Population
• The Elderly Population: Preventative Measures
• Population Health: Creating a Culture of Wellness
• Vulnerable Population Assessment: Risk Factors
• Health Risks of Vulnerable Population in Miami
• Medical Negligence in Elderly Population
• Dialysis Patient Population: Chronic Kidney Disease
• Miami Community Health and Vulnerable Population
• Population Health Analytics: Technology and Healthcare
• Vulnerable Population: Disaster Management’ Improvement
• Healthcare Conditions of Vulnerable Population in Miami
• HIV/AIDS Prevalence in African-American Population
• Health Promotion Among Hispanic Population
• US Geriatric Population and Its Chronic Diseases
• The Hispanic Population’s Health in the USA
• Healthcare Delivery to the Little Haiti Population
• Diseases in the Elderly Population
• Healthcare Inequity in Elderly Population
• Miami Jewish Population Health Assessment
• Baker County Geriatric Population Health Assessment
• Vulnerable Population’s Health and Illnesses
• Nursing: Population, Public and Community Health
• North Miami Population and Healthcare
• Elderly People Challenges in American Indian Population
• Obesity Problem among the Adult Population
• Immigrants as Vulnerable Population in the US
• Older Adults as Miami Vulnerable Population
• HIV/AIDS Prevalence Among Latino Population
• Miami Pediatric Population Needs Assessment
• Miami Population Demographics and Health Profile
• Vulnerable Population of West Miami
• Miami Community Health: Vulnerable Population
• Obesity among the Adult Population
• Vulnerable Population in Miami
• Dental Health Care among the Low-Income Population
• Depletion of the Beaver Population in Canada
• Global Environmental Changes: Population’ Growth
• Population Health, Its Elements and National Strategy
• Homeless as Vulnerable Population in the US
• Healthy Nutrition for Vulnerable Aging Population
• Vulnerable Population in Little Havana
• Vulnerable Population and Health Issues in Miami
• Cognitive Neurodegeneration in the Elderly Population
• The Vulnerable Population of Brownsville: Disabled People
• HIV/AIDS Awareness in Mississippi Youth Population
• Hispanic Population With Heart Failure
• Hispanic as a Vulnerable Population in the US
• Cardiovascular Disease in African American Population
• Prison Population and Healthcare Models in the USA
• Aging: The Impacts of a Growing Elderly Population
• Hispanic Population in the USA
• Homeless Population and US Healthcare Models
• Zambia Population: Strengthening Human Resources for Health
• The Youthful Population of Saudi Arabia
• Transnational Population of Tamils in Sri Lanka
• Childhood Obesity: a Population Health Issue
• Eating Disorders in Adult Population
• Social Issues: Discrimination of Black Population in USA
• Are Modern Irish Families a Positive Influence on the Health of the Irish Population?
• Can Education Compensate for the Effect of Population Aging on Macroeconomic Performance?
• Does Broadband Access Impact Population Growth in Rural America?
• How and Why Has China Tried to Control Its Rapid Population?
• Does City Location Determine Urban Population Growth?
• What Are the Factors Which Affect the Distribution of Population?
• Can Immigration Slow US Population Aging?
• Does Community Social Capital Contribute to Population Health?
• How Do War and Conflict Affect the Population of a Country?
• Can Online Surveys Represent the Entire Population?
• Does Gender Discrimination Contribute to India’s Population Imbalance?
• Should Italy’s Government Develop Policies in Order to Deal With Italy’s Ageing Population?
• Can Population Ageing Imply a Smaller Welfare State?
• Does Malthus’s Theory Explain English Population History?
• What Are the Causes and Consequences of Population Growth?
• Can Population Aging Explain the Decline of Savings Rate in Japan?
• Does More Medical Care Improve Population Health?
• Can Population Growth Contribute to Economic Development?
• Is Population Control Good for the Environment?
• Does Population Growth Affect Economic Growth?
• Can Soft Drink Taxes Reduce Population Weight?
• Does the White Population Subconsciously Imitate the Black Race?
• Can Sustained Economic Growth and a Declining Population Coexist?
• Does Population Growth Threaten Humanity?
• Should the General Population Fear Globalization?
• Can Technological Change Sustain Retirement in an Aging Population?
• How Can the Population of the Future Improve Their Health?
• Can the Earth Cope With the World’s Growing Population?
• How Does Immigration Affect the US Population?
• Can Universal Pre-kindergarten Programs Improve Population Health and Longevity?

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• Chicago (N-B)
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StudyCorgi. (2021, September 9). 283 Population Essay Topics. https://studycorgi.com/ideas/population-essay-topics/

"283 Population Essay Topics." StudyCorgi , 9 Sept. 2021, studycorgi.com/ideas/population-essay-topics/.

StudyCorgi . (2021) '283 Population Essay Topics'. 9 September.

1. StudyCorgi . "283 Population Essay Topics." September 9, 2021. https://studycorgi.com/ideas/population-essay-topics/.

Bibliography

StudyCorgi . "283 Population Essay Topics." September 9, 2021. https://studycorgi.com/ideas/population-essay-topics/.

StudyCorgi . 2021. "283 Population Essay Topics." September 9, 2021. https://studycorgi.com/ideas/population-essay-topics/.

These essay examples and topics on Population were carefully selected by the StudyCorgi editorial team. They meet our highest standards in terms of grammar, punctuation, style, and fact accuracy. Please ensure you properly reference the materials if you’re using them to write your assignment.

This essay topic collection was updated on January 8, 2024 .

Demographic Diversity and Economic Research: Fields of Specialization and Research on Race, Ethnicity, and Inequality

Using dissertation research topics found in the EconLit database and large-scale algorithmic methods that identify author demographics based on names, we explore the link between race and ethnicity and fields of economic research. We find that underrepresented racial and ethnic minority (URM) researchers are more likely to write dissertations in some unexpected sub-fields of economics, but limited evidence that they are more likely to write dissertations on racial topics once we include basic controls. These descriptive results may be due to limitations in the data, intrinsic motivations, or external constraints.

We thank Randall Akee, Trevon Logan, James Peoples, Gregory Price, and participants at the 2024 ASSA meeting for helpful feedback. Tiger Sun and Sheng Qu provided excellent research assistance. This project was supported by the National Science Foundation, under NSF Award Number SES: 2121120. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research.

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Published Versions

Francisca M. Antman & Kirk B. Doran & Xuechao Qian & Bruce A. Weinberg, 2024. " Demographic Diversity and Economic Research: Fields of Specialization and Research on Race, Ethnicity, and Inequality, " AEA Papers and Proceedings, vol 114, pages 528-534.

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18 Demographic Survey Questions (With Examples)

by Emily Taylor

Posted at: 5/30/2024 12:30 PM

Demographic questions are another way that market research studies can get specific characteristic information from respondents.

In our experience, by segmenting this way based on factors like age, gender, income, education, and more businesses can get more specific data for better use for marketing strategies and products.

By using specific data to plan for each demographic instead of generalizing, products can better serve the specific needs of each group and in return, give businesses better growth.

However, understanding what survey demographic questions to include and how many can be challenging, especially for those who are new to market research.

In this blog post, our market research company has compiled 20 example demographic survey questions that businesses can use to better segment their respondents and gain valuable insights into their target audience.

Article Contents

• What are demographics?
• What are demographic survey questions?
• Why are demographic survey questions important in a survey?
• Demographic survey questions + examples
• Where should I include demographic questions in a survey?
• Best practices for asking demographic survey questions

What Are Demographics?

In market research, demographics refer to specific characteristics of a population or group of people that are relevant for market segmentation and targeting.

Types of demographics often include characteristics such as:

• Marital status
• Household income
• Education level

All of these categories add another layer to your survey research design , providing a broad picture for the client.

At times even zip census codes and zip codes can be used in demographic research. It really comes down to the type of project you’re running, and to who you need to respond. 

Often, demographics are handy because they can be used for data cross-tabulations and buying targeted samples. 

What Do Demographic Survey Questions Help With?

Demographic survey questions are used in market research to help qualify respondents and gather profiling information.

These questions can be open-ended or closed-ended and can be administered through a variety of methods, including online surveys, phone surveys, face-to-face interviews, and focus groups.

Including demographics in basic survey questions gives researchers special insight into their target audience. This insight can shape the way clients choose to interact with feedback. 

Why Demographic Survey Data is Important

As we mentioned, demographic survey questions can cover a wide range of topics, including age, gender, race, ethnicity, education level, income, occupation, geographic location, marital status, and more.

But why is knowing this information important? Demographic survey questions are important in a survey for several reasons:

1. Segmenting

Demographic survey questions help segment survey respondents into different groups based on their characteristics and attributes.

This segmentation allows researchers to analyze the data and identify patterns and trends among different groups of respondents.

For example, a company might use demographic survey questions to understand the needs and preferences of a particular customer segment, such as millennials or working parents, and develop marketing campaigns and products that are tailored to those needs.

In fact, Drive Research used several demographic questions in our Grocery Shopping Consumer Report . With this insight, we created seven customer segments that grocery and retail stores can use to drive decision-making. 

2. Targeting

Demographic survey questions help researchers identify specific target groups that may be particularly interested in a product or service.

By understanding the demographic characteristics of their target audience, researchers can develop more effective marketing strategies and tailor their products and services to better meet the needs of that audience.

3. Qualifying

In many instances, an organization conducting market research wants to only collect feedback from a specific audience. For instance, let's say a sunscreen brand is developing a new product.

They want to conduct focus groups with their target audience: millennials and Gen Z females who use sunscreen at least three times a week. 

Therefore, a focus group company would likely use a recruitment screener that contains demographic survey questions such as gender, age, and sunscreen usage to pre-qualify potential participants for the focus groups.

4. Inclusivity

Lastly, demographic survey questions are important to assure the data is not skewed by one specific audience.

It is always important to ensure that research is inclusive, representative, and accurate.

By collecting information on key demographic factors, organizations can better understand the experiences and needs of diverse populations.

Demographic Survey Questions + Examples

So you now have a better understanding of what demographics are and why demographic survey questions are helpful to include for market research - but what specific questions do you need to identify your demographic? 

We've got you covered.

Example demographic survey questions include:

• Which of the following best describes your age? Select one.
• Which of the following genders do you most identify with? Select one.
• Which of the following best describes your total annual income? Select one.
• Which of the following best describes you? Select all that apply.
• What is the highest level of education you have completed? 
• What is your primary field of work or area of study? Select one.
• What is the ZIP code of your primary residence? Enter a 5-digit ZIP Code.
• Which of the following best describes your employment status? Select one.
• Which of the following best describes your marital status?   Select one.
• What is your current housing situation? Select one.
• Including yourself, how many people live in your household?   Select one.
• How many children (under the age of 18) primarily live in your household? Select one.
• Which of the following best describes your primary healthcare insurance? Select one.
• Which of the following best describes the setting of your primary residence? Select one.
• Which of the following best describes the location of your primary residence in the U.S.? Select one.
• What state do you primarily live in? Select one. 
• What is your primary language spoken at home? Select one.
• What is your political affiliation? Select one.

Below, our online survey company dives into what we believe are the most important demographic survey questions to include and their recommended response options.

Curious about the age of the survey respondents? There are a variety of ways to ask this question.

The ideal way to ask the age for your next market research project will depend on how the results will be used.

Below are two examples of how to ask about age in a market research survey:

• Example #1: Which of the following best describes your age? Select one. Age groups can be listed traditionally (e.g., Under 18, 18 to 24, 25 to 34, 35 to 44, 45 to 54, 55 to 64, and 65 and over) or age groups can be customized based on the needs of the organization. Opting for this method keeps analyzing survey responses and creating cross-tabulations simple.
• Example #2: What is your year of birth? A dropdown box with years listed. This demographic survey question example is ideal for ongoing research (since age groups for respondents will change year over year) or organizations that wish to place respondents' age groups after data has been collected.

Gender is a commonly asked demographic question, but market researchers are also finding it's becoming less necessary for organizations to ask since differences among genders are slight.

Below is an example of how to ask about gender in a market research survey:

• Example: Which of the following genders do you most identify with? Select one.

Income is a demographic question that asks for personal and sensitive information.

Below are two examples of how to ask for income in a market research survey:

• Example #1: Which of the following best describes your total annual income? Select one.
• Example #2: Which of the following best describes your total annual household income? Select one.

Notice the subtle difference in these questions.

The first example asks for only the respondent's income and the second example asks for the respondent's household income.

Typically responses options for questions like these are grouped in categories such as:

• Under $30,000
• $30,000 to $49,999
• $50,000 to $74,999
• $75,000 to $99,999
• $100,000 to $149,999
• $150,000 or more

Occasionally, market researchers will include a "Prefer not to answer" option.

This may keep respondents who would otherwise close out of a survey engaged.

Another way to keep respondents from closing out of a survey when asking for personal information is to allow them to skip a question.

Similar to income, this question asks respondents for personal and sensitive information about themselves.

Below is an example of how to ask about race in a market research survey:

• Example: Which of the following best describes you? Select all that apply.

Response options for this question typically include:

• Black or African American
• Hispanic or Latino
• Native American or Alaska Native
• Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander

For this question, "Other" can be an option for respondents to select if they prefer not to answer or do not feel represented.

5. Educational Attainment

Wondering how much education a respondent has completed?

Below is an example of how to ask about educational attainment in a market research survey:

• Example: What is the highest level of education you have completed? Select one.
• Some high school, no diploma
• High school diploma or GED
• Some college, no degree
• Associate (2-year) degree
• Bachelor’s (4-year) degree
• Master’s degree
• Doctorate degree

6. ZIP Code of Residence

If you are wondering where a survey respondent lives, collecting ZIP codes is a quick and easy way to get this information.

Responses to demographic survey questions like these can be used to create a heat map (which makes areas where more respondents live darker on a map) or a dot density map (which places a dot on a map for each ZIP Code).

Below is an example of how to ask ZIP Code in a market research survey:

• Example: What is the ZIP code of your primary residence? Enter a 5-digit ZIP Code.

A small text box is provided for respondents to write their ZIP code in.

Depending on where the market research is conducted, instructions on how to enter ZIP Code may be updated.

7. Employment Information

Business-to-business and business-to-consumer market research users often like to ask about employment information, industry respondents work in, or job titles.

Below are three examples of how to ask for employment information in a market research survey:

• Example #1: Which of the following best describes your employment status? Select one.
• Example #2: Which of the following best describes the industry you work in? Select one.
• Example #3: What is your job title? Open-ended comment box.

Response options for example #1 typically include:

• Employed full-time
• Employed part-time

Response options for example #2 can include a custom list of industries or a general list of industries.

Where Should I Include Demographic Questions in a Survey?

This is such an important question when designing a market research survey.

Ideally, demographic questions should be placed toward the end of the survey. 

When asking about demographics, researchers typically place these at the end of the survey. Sometimes, demographic questions can make participants feel a bit uncomfortable.

Instead of starting off with questions that may cause the participant discomfort, these come at the end of the project. 

The benefits of including demographic questions at the end of a survey include:

• Creating a comfortable environment. If the participant gets too uncomfortable and drops out, they’ll have gone through the rest of the survey and hopefully provided some useful information. Creating a comfortable environment for the respondent can help them be open with demographic information. 
• Creating a rapport or relationship first. If the survey is conducted over the phone, they will have hopefully developed a comfortable relationship with the interviewer. 
• More important questions are answered first. Lastly, asking demographic questions last sets a survey up for success by asking more pertinent questions about the topic of the study first. This helps ensure that if someone starts the survey but does not complete it, the most important questions have the highest probability of being answered.

More specifically, sensitive information such as income or zip codes should be asked at the very end when compared to demographic questions such as age and gender. 

Doing so ensures nearly every other question has been answered, which decreases the risk of drop-off. 

⚠️ There is always an exception to every rule. ⚠️

Any demographic question that will be used to screen for qualified participants or respondents should be placed at the beginning of the survey.

In other words, don’t waste a participant’s time by asking them a bunch of questions only to disqualify them at the end of the survey for being outside of the target audience.

Best Practices for Demographic Survey Questions

Although there are several benefits to asking demographic survey questions, there are a few best practices to keep in mind.

After all, we are asking for personal and identifiable information that can make some survey respondents feel uncomfortable. 

Here are some tips to consider when designing demographic survey questions:

Tip #1: Limit the number of demographic questions

Your survey needs to be short and concise to keep respondents engaged and ensure increased response rates .

Remember! Highly engaged respondents lead to greater numbers of responses which mean better data.

A good rule of thumb is to limit the number of demographic questions to no more than 10% of the total survey questions.

For example, if a survey has 20 questions, it may be appropriate to include 2-3 demographic questions.

Therefore, survey writers should not ask a bunch of demographic questions in a survey questionnaire unless those questions are necessary.

Tip #2: Find out if that data has already been collected

If demographic data has already been collected from the audience you wish to survey, market research companies are able to tie that information to survey responses after survey fieldwork is complete.

For example, this data may exist in your customer database or CRM.

Again, our goal as survey writers are to keep surveys as short and concise as possible.

Tip #3: Determine how you will use the demographic information

Ask yourself if the demographic information is absolutely necessary.

It's easy to get into the mindset of adding demographic survey questions for the sake of collecting more information but try not to fall into this trap.

Only collect information needed for a specific objective of the research such as advertising insight, audience segmentation, and so on. 

A simple example is collecting demographic information regarding gender.

It's commonplace to ask this in the demographic portion of the survey but many times it is never used. 

Will you adjust your marketing strategy based on what males and females say differently? In many cases, no.

Tip #4: Remember to ensure privacy, maintain confidentiality, and avoid sensitive questions

Make sure respondents know that their demographic data will be kept private and only used for market research. 

Pay close attention to relevant privacy requirements, especially in specific industries and always display privacy policies clearly.

On top of ensuring privacy, it’s important to avoid any overly sensitive questions or information that participants may not want to reveal (even if it is private info). Of course this part requires discretion, you may have to ask difficult questions but if optional it’s always best to avoid these things in our experience.

Tip #5: Consider using different question types and survey logic

A way to boost response rates and in turn data quality, is by using different question types where it makes sense. 

Whether it’s multiple choice, single choice, drop downs, and any of the common ones they can all be useful. 

Where it makes a difference is by using more than one type or changing question types as the survey continues. As long as it works for the survey it can help keep respondents engaged.

Also, don’t forget to use survey logic when necessary. Survey logic can help make survey easier for participants. If two questions connect together or if there are follow ups, logic can help make the survey a better experience and usually faster - which is great for better data quality.

Final Thoughts

Including demographic survey questions in any market research study provides valuable insights into the characteristics of a particular population or market.

Whether you're a marketer, researcher, or business owner, knowing the demographics of your target audience is crucial for developing effective strategies and making informed decisions.

As we've seen, there are many different types of demographic survey questions you can ask, depending on your goals and the specific population you're interested in.

From age and gender to income and education level, each demographic factor can reveal unique patterns and trends that can help you better understand your audience.

Contact Our Market Research Company

Drive Research is a full-service market research company located in Upstate New York. Our team of senior market research professionals partners with brands across the globe to design, execute, and analyze custom online surveys. 

Interested in partnering with Drive Research for an upcoming project? Contact us below.

• Message us on our website
• Email us at  [email protected]
• Call us at  888-725-DATA
• Text us at 315-303-2040

Emily Taylor

As a Research Manager, Emily is approaching a decade of experience in the market research industry and loves to challenge the status quo. She is a certified VoC professional with a passion for storytelling.

Learn more about Emily,  here .

Categories: Online Surveys

Need help with your project? Get in touch with Drive Research.

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Primary Research Areas

PSC research is grouped into five primary research areas: 1) New Dynamics of Population Diversity, 2) Formal Demography and Demographic Methods, including fertility, reproductive health, and mortality, (3) Child Development and Human Endowments, (4) Structures of Inequality and the Life Course, including changing mechanisms of social mobility, and (5) Population and the Environment, addressing both the demographic causes and consequences of environmental change. Within and across these we highlight contributions to four emerging innovative perspectives in population research: i) dynamics of classification and identity which encompasses the growing recognition of fluidity in demographic classifications, such as race, ethnicity, and gender, in connection with context and new social developments such as genetic testing, life-course events, or political conditions; ii) attention to the changing dynamics of population mobility, which addresses the diversity and changing motivations and triggers of international and internal migration movements; iii) new data and methods for mortality analysis, especially child mortality but also for the analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the reversal in mortality in the United States, and iv) computational demography, the emerging orientation in demography, and the social sciences more broadly to employ computational modeling, network analysis, text mining, machine learning, neural network, deep learning, large language models, data visualization, and other computational methods to analyze and interpret traditional and new sources of demographic data. Within all of our primary research areas, PSC researchers are extending and exploiting our strong international and local connections to elaborate comparative approaches to population and health issues and enhance local research community access to shared resources.

New Dynamics of Population Diversity

Formal Demography and Demographic Methods

Child Development and Human Endowments

Structures of Inequality and the Life Course

Population and the Environment

International Population Research

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Population Growth Essay Writing Guide

Academic writing

Essay paper writing

Working on a population essay or research paper? We understand the struggle. Therefore, we have prepared the list of the greatest topics for you to choose from as well as useful tips that will help you submit an impeccable work.

Population essay topics

• Essay on the principle of population
• Essay on population definition
• Population genetics essay
• 21 st century global population essay
• Population development essay
• Essay on the history of population growth
• Essay on population crisis
• Agricultural revolution and population growth essay
• Short essay on world population becoming smarter
• Aging population opinion essay
• Essay on population explosion
• Essay about population problem in Asia
• Relationship between national wealth and population health essay
• Population and environment essay
• Essay on increasing population
• Cause and effect essay on population growth: What is the reason of current overpopulation issue?
• Importance of population education essay
• Effective means of population control essay
• Population control argumentative essay
• Can we solve overpopulation problems essay
• Effect of population on environment essay
• How to control population essay

Tips for writing an essay on population

• Make an outline. Once you do your research, create a well-detailed plan where you include all the essential points and ideas for each paragraph of your paper. You can use the example from the section below and build on it with the information you have found.  
• Research carefully. Try using Google Scholar to search for articles and books on the topic if you have hard times determining which sources are credible.  
• Don’t fake your references or just copy information. Nowadays, there are various tools for checking works for plagiarism. Therefore, do not put your academic reputation at risk – use real sources and your own words when describing what the author was writing about.
• Mind your language. Of course, an essay is not a scientific article for a reputable journal, but you still need to be very careful with the word choice. Contractions or slang would not be appropriate here.
• Provide specific examples and numbers where applicable. For instance, essay writing on population explosion would require you to indicate where, when, and how many people were born in certain time periods and why it happened.
• Proofread your writing. This will help you to avoid submitting a work full of mistakes, which will inevitably lower your mark.

Essay outline

• Introduction.

Start with a hook phrase, which can be a question, a quote, or just an interesting fact. After that, write a few sentences explaining why your topic is important and necessary to research. The main point of an essay on population should be clearly stated in the last sentence of the paper – a thesis statement. Give a brief overview of the points you are going to discuss but do not go into the details – you will be able to do it in the body of the work.

Depending on the word limit set for the assignment, the body of your paper might be divided into a few sections with distinct headings. Each section or paragraph should start with the introduction of the idea you are going to discuss. Next, you will have to provide some factual information to support it, and explain your own opinion if applicable. In the end, it would be necessary to sum up what you have discussed and transition into the next paragraph.

• Population essay conclusion.

In the final paragraph, restate the thesis and the main ideas that were reviewed in the body of the paper. You cannot introduce any new facts in the conclusion – only synthesize what has already been discussed. Finish your essay by proving that you have accomplished the purpose of writing the paper or leave the reader with some idea to think about further.

Population research paper topics

• Research paper about homelessness population
• Aging population research paper
• Religion and overpopulation
• Human population growth research paper
• Birth control and women’s human rights
• The impact of overpopulation on the wildlife
• India population crisis
• The impact of overpopulation on the environment
• Bangladesh population crisis
• Population, migration, and urbanization
• Global warming and overpopulation: Where is the link?
• The issue of food and water shortage
• Statistics of population changes research paper
• The effects of population growth on the economy

Writing a research paper

• Choose a narrow topic. It is rather hard to write a research paper about population in general, as the topic is really vast. Instead, you may concentrate on some population issues, trends, or other more specific topics, which can be studied thoroughly.
• Be careful with citations. In your research paper, you will need to include and cite a lot of information. Learn how to do it according to the style you stick to and cite all factual data taken from other sources.
• Check a few good population research paper examples. If it is hard for you to visualize how your research paper should look like, find a few sample works. Pay attention to how the text is outlined, what information is cited, how transitions are used, and how the info is presented in general. Try to find research paper examples about population control, overpopulation crisis, shortage of resources, and other related topics to understand what points might work for your own paper.
• Develop a strong thesis statement. It should be short, to-the-point, and consistent. You have to summarize your main claim in one or two sentences in such a way that it will be clear and interesting for your audience.
• Avoid filler phrases. “In conclusion,” “needless to say,” and all the other parenthetic words do not bring any value to your writing. Instead, try to come up with meaningful transitions to move from one paragraph to another one smoothly.

Research paper outline

• Introduction
• Methodology
• Literature review
• Results/Findings

You may also be asked to add an abstract before the intro to give your readers a quick overview of the paper. Depending on the length of the text, it might be necessary to add a table of contents to guide your audience on where to find certain information. If there are some figures that you wanted to include in the paper but they take too much space, you can refer to them in the text but insert them into the appendices section after the reference page.

Research questions about population

Here are some of the research paper questions about population that you may choose to answer in your paper:

• What are the major negative consequences of overpopulation?
• Why some countries are overpopulated while others are underpopulated?
• How fast is the population increasing today compared to in the past?
• What factors influence current population trends?
• What may the population trends be in 50 years?
• Are we on the verge of food and water shortage?
• Is population growth still an issue?
• How many people can Earth support?
• Why should we be concerned about current population growth rates?
• Is religion an obstacle to population stabilization?

Facts for a research paper or essay on population

• In general, more than 107 billion people were born in the history of humanity. Thus, 6.5% of all people born in the history of humankind live on Earth today.
• In 2009, for the first time in history, an urban population was equal to a rural one amounting to 3.4 billion people. It is expected that in the future, an increasing part of the world population will be represented by citizens (that is, the urban population will continue to grow faster than the world population as a whole), which is confirmed by the latest data.
• In 2010, about 60% of the world’s population lived in Asia, 15.5% - in Africa, and 10.4% - in Europe. In 2050, according to the UN forecast, more than half of the world’s population will live in Asia, 25% in Africa, 8.2% in Latin America, 7.4% in Europe, and 4.7% in North America.
• The largest state in terms of population is China. After 2025, India is likely to become a leader. Until 1991, USSR had the third-largest population. After its disintegration, the US took its place. Indonesia and Brazil occupy the fourth and fifth places. Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nigeria, and Russia occupy the sixth, seventh, eighth, and ninth places, respectively.
• As the UN report indicates, by the end of this century, the world’s population will be more than two times higher in comparison with 2011 and will reach 15 billion people.
• The current population of the planet has doubled since the 1960s. This process is caused by the improvement of the quality of medical care and medical products as well as high fertility in the countries of Africa, Asia, and Latin America. In addition, a certain role was played by the reduction of infant mortality and the increase in life expectancy on all continents of the planet.
• Some experts question the figure of 15 billion inhabitants by the year 2100 proposed by the UN. They are convinced that the population will not reach such a catastrophic scale if appropriate measures are taken.
• The author of the first essay on population was a popular economist Thomas Robert Malthus. His main work, An Essay on the Principle of Population, played a remarkable role in the development of economic science and demography.
• In the mid-60s of the 20th century, humanity first paid attention to the problem of overpopulation and the depletion of resources. The community of the world’s largest businessmen, politicians, and public figures, united by the idea of ​​ preserving the natural environment on Earth have created a so-called Club of Rome. This initiated a large-scale research to find ways to curb the crisis.

Environmental issues

While writing an essay on the ecological effects of increased population, you may describe the current state of things:

• The situation in the field of renewable resources deteriorates. Scientists warn that very soon, we will experience a water, wood, fish shortage, as well as reduced soil fertility.
• Waste products accumulate and pollute the environment.
• More investment, energy, materials, and labor costs are required to eliminate the negative consequences of using resources, e.g., for sewage treatment, irrigation control, air purification, etc.
• A significant part of the capital, raw materials, energy resources, and labor costs is spent on solving the tasks of the defense industry.
• Investments in human resources decline, and the situation with education and healthcare deteriorates.
• The balance between the use of raw materials, energy resources, and the process of environmental pollution is disturbed.

Problem of population aging

• According to the UN, during 1994-2014, the number of people over 60 years has doubled. In 2014, the number of older adults in the world exceeded the number of children under the age of five.
• Now, in 15 EU countries, above 15% of citizens are at the age of 65 years and higher. The youngest country is Ireland (11.5%), and the oldest one is Sweden (17.5%). However, during the coming decades, the gap will decrease. The elderly group will be joined by generations born during the baby boom period (1946-1964).
• Compared to Western European countries, the United States is a younger state: there are less than 13% of people over 65 years old.
• The causes of population aging are ambiguous. On the one hand, there is a decline in the birth rate, which leads to a smaller number of children and young people, and on the other hand, there is an increase in life expectancy.
• From 1960 to 1990, the number of people of age above 80 years has grown in the EU countries from 5 to 12 million people, that is, by 140%.
• Medical care for the elderly involves additional funding, expanding the network of medical, gerontological institutions, and qualitative restructuring of the health care system.
• The employment of the elderly population and provision of working places for young seniors are required. It is also important to maintain an active life position of the elderly, involve them in public life, and fight against loneliness.

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The impact of demographic change in Europe

The power of demography.

Demography tells the story of our lives. It is about how old we are likely to become, how many children we can expect to have, and where and how we are likely to spend our lives. Demographic change has a powerful impact on our economies, on our welfare and health systems as well as on housing and infrastructure needs in Europe's regions. This in turn has implications for government budgets and policies. The EU integrates demographic concerns into the development of relevant EU policies and we have taken a number of specific initiatives at EU level which support Member States in dealing with demographic change.

Read the report: The impact of demographic change in a changing environment

23 April 2024 - Commission issues recommendations to better protect children from violence

The Commission has today adopted the Recommendation on developing and strengthening integrated child protection systems in the best interests of the child , as a commitment in the EU Strategy on the Rights of the Child . The EU still faces significant challenges in protecting children from violence, including bullying and childhood sexual violence. The Recommendation will support Member States in strengthening their child protection systems.

Demographic trends

Understanding the causes and effects of demographic transitions allows us to better manage their consequences and make use of their opportunities, ultimately helping us build a prosperous EU for future generations.

The share of employed people working from home in the EU jumped from 1 in 7 people in 2019 to 1 in 5 in 2020. In 2021, almost every fourth person was working from home.

In 2020, the average number of childbirths per woman was 1.5, which is well below the value of 2.1 required to maintain a stable population.

By 2050 the share of people over 65 will be around 30%, compared to around 20% today.

The number of households has continued to grow, while the average household size has continued to fall. Households composed by a single person have grown the fastest, to over 70 million in 2021.

Following a drop during the COVID-19 pandemic, the gradual increase in life expectancy has resumed. In 2021, the life expectancy in the EU was estimated at 82.8 years for women and 77.2 years for men.

The share of Europe’s population in the world is shrinking and it will account for around 4% of the world’s population in 2070 compared to 6% today.

The impact of demographic change

Demographic change in the EU has an impact on

• the labour market  - as Europe’s working-age population is shrinking sustaining economic growth requires us to bring more people into the labour market and/or to increase productivity through technological advances and skills development
• employment  - as people live longer and healthier lives, many citizens want to work longer, although not necessarily in the same kind of jobs.
• care services  - the growing share of older people in the EU brings an increased need for care services and challenges the long-term financial sustainability of our welfare states
• demographic balance - demographic trends do not affect every country and every region in the same way. Whereas a number of EU Member States are projected to experience a decline in their population already in the next years, others are projected to see population growth over the same period
• rural areas  - generally speaking, rural regions are more affected by population decline due to natural changes and outmigration than predominantly urban ones
• Europe’s position in the world  - as the EU’s share of the global population is projected to continue falling in the coming decades, the need for close cooperation at all levels to ensure the competitiveness of our Single Market becomes ever more pressing

See more demographic statistics for individual EU countries

Europe's ageing population

Europeans are living longer and healthier lives than ever before. In the coming decades, the share and number of older people in the EU will increase. This trend has a significant impact on people’s everyday lives and on our societies, which brings with it both opportunities and challenges.

The share of people in the 15-29-year-old age range decreased from 18.1% in 2011, to 16.3% in 2021. This trend is expected to continue and become even more pronounced in rural regions.

By 2050, the share of people over 65 will be around 30%, compared to around 20% today. An older population poses challenges for things like pension systems and the healthcare sector.

Given the scale, speed and impact this trend will have across society, it is important to consider new approaches and ensure that policies are fit for purpose in an era of major change – from the green and digital transitions to new forms of work and addressing the key health challenges, including  pandemics.

Competences for dealing with the effects of ageing are largely in the hands of Member States and the EU is well placed to identify key issues and trends and support action on ageing at national, regional, and local level. It can help Member States and regions develop their own, tailor-made policy responses to ageing.

Green paper on ageing

The European Commission published the green paper on ageing in January 2021 launching a broad policy debate on ageing to discuss options on how to anticipate and respond to the challenges and opportunities that ageing brings as well as how to help keep a good life quality of the ageing population as long as possible. Contributions to the public consultation on the green paper helped identify the measures needed to support to promote economic and social resilience in an ageing Europe.

Demography Toolbox

Europe is undergoing a major demographic transformation. Demographic change has a profound impact on everyday life and requires holistic and integrated solutions.

Since our citizens are living longer and healthier lives, all our policies need to be forward-looking and support the shift from an ageing to a longevity society.

The June 2023 European Council conclusions called on the Commission to put forward  a toolbox to support Member States in addressing demographic challenges and their impact on Europe’s competitive edge.

The demography toolbox , prepared in response by the Commission, draws on experiences from across the EU and sets out a comprehensive approach to demographic change structured around four pillars:          

• support parents by better reconciling family aspirations and paid work, notably by ensuring access to quality childcare and good work-life balance;
• supporting and empowering younger generations to thrive, develop their skills, facilitate their access to the labour market and to affordable housing;
• empowering older generations and sustaining their welfare, through reforms combined with appropriate labour market and workplace policies;
• where necessary, addressing labour shortages through managed legal migration , in full complementarity to harnessing talents from within the EU.

The toolbox recognises the need to take on board the territorial dimension of demographic shifts, specifically in regions that experience the phenomenon of population decline and a significant outward mobility of young workers (‘brain drain’).

Related links

Dubravka Šuica, European Commission Vice-President for Democracy and Demography

The EU Strategy on the Rights of the Child and the European Child Guarantee

Harnessing Talent in Europe: a new boost for EU regions

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How Do Demographics Influence r*?

Demographic trends are evolving in the U.S. as well as globally, potentially affecting the behavior of interest rates. This includes the natural rate of interest, denoted r*. Through the lens of a simple model, we describe supply and demand channels through which these demographic trends may affect r* and show a range of estimates for the potential quantitative impact.

Demographics both in the U.S. and across many countries are changing, as falling birth rates, longer life expectancy, immigration and other related factors alter age distributions. Such changes could have significant impacts on national and global economies. In this article, we'll focus on how demographic changes may influence interest rates.

Of particular interest is the effect on r*, or the so-called "natural interest rate." This rate is seen as a key not only in determining the stance of near-term monetary policy but also in thinking more broadly about the longer-term monetary policy framework. As such, it is important for economists and policymakers to understand the economic mechanisms through which demographics could affect r* and have a quantitative sense of the possible effects.

What Is r* and How Is It Determined?

R* can be defined as the long-run real interest rate that would emerge in the absence of disturbances in the economy. It provides a benchmark for policymakers to know how tight or loose monetary policy is at a given point of time.

An interest rate can be viewed as simply a price for capital and savings, just as wages are a price for labor. Interest rates are thus determined by supply and demand factors: The higher the supply of savings and lower the demand for capital, the lower the interest rate will be. Since r* is an interest rate, we can view it through the lens of these forces.

Demographics affect the supply of savings through two channels:

• Households' expectations about their future, including when they will retire and how much longer they might live
• Changes in saving behavior as households move through their life cycle

As a result, the total supply of savings depends on the age composition in the economy.

The demand for capital — driven by how much firms want to invest — also depends on demographics. Workers decide how much to work based on their current circumstances and what they expect in the future. For instance, a worker would be able to work longer and more productive hours when in good health and would want to work more to save up in anticipation of a long retirement.

When either supply or demand forces cause interest rates to fall, households desire fewer savings, and firms are incentivized to borrow and invest more. These responses place further downward pressure on interest rates, amplifying the initial effects of supply and demand.

Quantifying How Demographics Influence r*

Since r* is unobserved, we require a model to study how it might be affected by demographics. Prominent examples include the Richmond Fed's Lubik-Matthes r* and the New York Fed's Holston-Laubach-Williams r* models.

Here, we use an economic model discussed in my paper " Estimating the Effects of Demographics on Interest Rates: A Robust Bayesian Perspective ," which explicitly incorporates demographic factors that are not included in the Lubik-Matthes or Holston-Laubach-Williams approaches. Given a set of parameter values, we obtain the implied interest rate from the model, which we interpret as r*. The model captures how demographics influence the interest rate in the economy through the supply and demand forces mentioned above.

To quantify the effect of demographics on r*, we compute how the interest rate in the model shifts with changes in demographic factors. The parameter values one chooses for the model determine how strong the various forces in the model are. While we choose parameters consistent with U.S. macroeconomic and demographic data, there is also substantial disagreement about the appropriate values for these parameters. We report results from a range of different parameter values — taken from various papers that have used similar models — to provide a sense of the uncertainty of our estimates. These parameters involve different levels of trade-off between consumption and saving that households are willing to make (influencing their savings behavior) as well as different speeds of capital depreciation (impacting how much firms invest).

Population Growth

One area we examine that has undergone significant change over the past few decades is population growth, as factors have affected growth in multiple directions. A negative drag on population growth has been the falling birth rate: The birth rate in the U.S. has fallen from 24 births per 1,000 people in 1960 to just 11 per 1,000 people in 2021, and this decline mirrors much of the developed world. A positive note for population growth comes from a 2024 Congressional Budget Office report indicating that immigration may be greater than previously estimated , providing a driver for continued growth in the working population. Figure 1 shows the overall trend in U.S. population growth since 1980.

A natural question for policymakers is how such changes might affect r*. Figure 2 shows that r* increases with population growth. However, the parameter values are important for the quantitative effect. In response to a 1 percentage point increase in population growth, our benchmark parameterization (the purple line) predicts an increase in r* of about 0.6 percentage points, whereas the various parameterizations (the gray lines) suggest an increase of anywhere between 0.4 to 1.2 percentage points.

Theoretically, there are forces pushing interest rates in both directions when population growth increases. For instance, young households in the economy tend to save more, thus increasing the supply of savings and putting downward pressure on interest rates.

However, high population growth increases the demand for capital and thus interest rates through two channels:

• Younger workers are more productive, thus increasing the returns from capital.
• The expectation of a growing population leads firms to invest in more capital in anticipation of a larger workforce to utilize this capital for production.

Our quantitative results show that the demand side forces tend to dominate.

Life Expectancy

As seen in Figure 3, life expectancy in the U.S. increased from less than 74 years in 1980 to almost 79 years in 2019, before declining following the onset of the pandemic. A similar increase in life expectancy has also been seen globally, notably in countries such as Japan.

Figure 4 shows that the impact of these changes in life expectancy on interest rates is ambiguous both qualitatively and quantitatively. In our baseline (the purple line), increasing life expectancy corresponds to a decline in r* for shorter life expectancies but a slight increase for longer life expectancies. Under other scenarios (the gray lines), most parameterizations generate a decrease in r* with longer life expectancy, but we show that there are some parameter values for which the opposite is true, at least for certain empirically relevant lengths of life expectancy.

The range of results once again reflect a range of economic effects in the model potentially working in different directions. The supply of savings increases as households save more in anticipation of a longer period of retirement, driving down the interest rate.

The effect on the demand for capital is less clear. While the longer life expectancy increases labor supply overall, the higher fraction of old workers in the economy reduces the average productivity of a worker. As indicated by the range of estimates, the relative strength of these forces depends on the choice of parameters for the model.

The model calculations suggest that decreases in population growth and increases in life expectancy would tend to decrease r*, although there is substantial uncertainty about the magnitude of this decrease. In the case of life expectancy, alternative parameter values could even reverse the result.

The fact that multiple supply and demand forces are in play simultaneously and are potentially working in opposite directions is a consideration for a broader range of long-run changes in demographic and economic factors of interest. Quantitative models are necessary for policymakers to disentangle and weigh these different effects.

Nevertheless, one should acknowledge the uncertainty in the estimates given not only the parameter uncertainty that we focus on here, but also the fact that our models are only approximations and not exact replications of reality.

Paul Ho is an economist in the Research Department at the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond.

To cite this Economic Brief, please use the following format: Ho, Paul. (June 2024) "How Do Demographics Influence r*?" Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond Economic Brief , No. 24-18.

This article may be photocopied or reprinted in its entirety. Please credit the author, source, and the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond and include the italicized statement below.

Views expressed in this article are those of the author and not necessarily those of the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond or the Federal Reserve System.

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New Population Studies Working Paper

The research uses data from the Malawi Longitudinal Study of Families and Health to examine the relationship between mortality and fertility in Malawi - specifically the impact of individual-specific subjective mortality expectations on fertility choice.

READ THE PAPER.

Author:  Adeline Delavande ,  Hans-Peter Kohler , and Ali Vergili

Abstract: 

For decades, population research has been interested in the complex relationship between child mortality and fertility, with a key focus on identifying replacement behavior (fertility response to experienced child mortality) and hoarding behavior (fertility response to expected child mortality). Using unique data from the Malawi Longitudinal Study of Families and Health (MLSFH), we investigate the impact of individual-specific subjective infant mortality expectations on fertility choice. We instrument the potentially endogenous infant mortality expectations with the average of parents’ ratings of children’s health to address a potentially omitted variable bias such as parental taste for health. Consistent with the hoarding mechanism, we find that a 10 percentage point decrease in infant mortality expectations leads to a 14 percentage point decrease in the propensity to have a child in the next 2 years from a baseline propensity of 43%.

Delavande, Adeline , Hans-Peter Kohler and Ali Vergili. 2024. “Infant Mortality Expectation and Fertility Choice in Rural Malawi.” University of Pennsylvania Population Center Working Paper (PSC/PARC)

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Technique improves the reasoning capabilities of large language models

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Large language models like those that power ChatGPT have shown impressive performance on tasks like drafting legal briefs, analyzing the sentiment of customer reviews, or translating documents into different languages.

These machine-learning models typically use only natural language to process information and answer queries, which can make it difficult for them to perform tasks that require numerical or symbolic reasoning.

For instance, a large language model might be able to memorize and recite a list of recent U.S. presidents and their birthdays, but that same model could fail if asked the question “Which U.S. presidents elected after 1950 were born on a Wednesday?” (The answer is Jimmy Carter.)

Researchers from MIT and elsewhere have proposed a new technique that enables large language models to solve natural language, math and data analysis, and symbolic reasoning tasks by generating programs.

Their approach, called natural language embedded programs (NLEPs), involves prompting a language model to create and execute a Python program to solve a user’s query, and then output the solution as natural language.

They found that NLEPs enabled large language models to achieve higher accuracy on a wide range of reasoning tasks. The approach is also generalizable, which means one NLEP prompt can be reused for multiple tasks.

NLEPs also improve transparency, since a user could check the program to see exactly how the model reasoned about the query and fix the program if the model gave a wrong answer.

“We want AI to perform complex reasoning in a way that is transparent and trustworthy. There is still a long way to go, but we have shown that combining the capabilities of programming and natural language in large language models is a very good potential first step toward a future where people can fully understand and trust what is going on inside their AI model,” says Hongyin Luo PhD ’22, an MIT postdoc and co-lead author of a paper on NLEPs .

Luo is joined on the paper by co-lead authors Tianhua Zhang, a graduate student at the Chinese University of Hong Kong; and Jiaxin Ge, an undergraduate at Peking University; Yoon Kim, an assistant professor in MIT’s Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and a member of the Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL); senior author James Glass, senior research scientist and head of the Spoken Language Systems Group in CSAIL; and others. The research will be presented at the Annual Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics.

Problem-solving with programs

Many popular large language models work by predicting the next word, or token, given some natural language input. While models like GPT-4 can be used to write programs, they embed those programs within natural language, which can lead to errors in the program reasoning or results.

With NLEPs, the MIT researchers took the opposite approach. They prompt the model to generate a step-by-step program entirely in Python code, and then embed the necessary natural language inside the program.

An NLEP is a problem-solving template with four steps. First, the model calls the necessary packages, or functions, it will need to solve the task. Step two involves importing natural language representations of the knowledge the task requires (like a list of U.S. presidents’ birthdays). For step three, the model implements a function that calculates the answer. And for the final step, the model outputs the result as a line of natural language with an automatic data visualization, if needed.

“It is like a digital calculator that always gives you the correct computation result as long as the program is correct,” Luo says.

The user can easily investigate the program and fix any errors in the code directly rather than needing to rerun the entire model to troubleshoot.

The approach also offers greater efficiency than some other methods. If a user has many similar questions, they can generate one core program and then replace certain variables without needing to run the model repeatedly.

To prompt the model to generate an NLEP, the researchers give it an overall instruction to write a Python program, provide two NLEP examples (one with math and one with natural language), and one test question.

“Usually, when people do this kind of few-shot prompting, they still have to design prompts for every task. We found that we can have one prompt for many tasks because it is not a prompt that teaches LLMs to solve one problem, but a prompt that teaches LLMs to solve many problems by writing a program,” says Luo.

“Having language models reason with code unlocks many opportunities for tool use, output validation, more structured understanding into model's capabilities and way of thinking, and more,” says Leonid Karlinsky, principal scientist at the MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab.

“No magic here”

NLEPs achieved greater than 90 percent accuracy when prompting GPT-4 to solve a range of symbolic reasoning tasks, like tracking shuffled objects or playing a game of 24, as well as instruction-following and text classification tasks. The researchers found that NLEPs even exhibited 30 percent greater accuracy than task-specific prompting methods. The method also showed improvements over open-source LLMs. 

Along with boosting the accuracy of large language models, NLEPs could also improve data privacy. Since NLEP programs are run locally, sensitive user data do not need to be sent to a company like OpenAI or Google to be processed by a model.

In addition, NLEPs can enable small language models to perform better without the need to retrain a model for a certain task, which can be a costly process.

“There is no magic here. We do not have a more expensive or fancy language model. All we do is use program generation instead of natural language generation, and we can make it perform significantly better,” Luo says.

However, an NLEP relies on the program generation capability of the model, so the technique does not work as well for smaller models which have been trained on limited datasets. In the future, the researchers plan to study methods that could make smaller language models generate more effective NLEPs. In addition, they want to investigate the impact of prompt variations on NLEPs to enhance the robustness of the model’s reasoning processes.

This research was supported, in part, by the Center for Perceptual and Interactive Intelligence of Hong Kong. 

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The Solar System May Have Passed through Dense Interstellar Cloud 2 Million Years Ago, Altering Earth’s Climate

In a new bu-led paper, astrophysicists calculate the likelihood that earth was exposed to cold, harsh interstellar clouds, a phenomenon not previously considered in geologic climate models.

For a brief period of time millions of years ago, Earth may have been plunged out of the sun’s protective plasma shield, called the heliosphere, which is depicted here as the dark gray bubble over the backdrop of interstellar space. According to new research, this could have exposed Earth to high levels of radiation and influenced the climate. Photo courtesy of Opher, et al., Nature Astronomy

Jessica Colarossi

Around two million years ago, Earth was a very different place, with our early human ancestors living alongside saber-toothed tigers, mastodons, and enormous rodents . And they may have been cold: Earth had fallen into a deep freeze , with multiple ice ages coming and going until about 12,000 years ago. Scientists theorize that ice ages occur for a number of reasons , including the planet’s tilt and rotation, shifting plate tectonics, volcanic eruptions, and carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere. But what if drastic changes like these are not only a result of Earth’s environment, but also the sun’s location in the galaxy?

In a new paper published in Nature Astronomy , BU-led researchers find evidence that some two million years ago, the solar system encountered an interstellar cloud so dense that it could have interfered with the sun’s solar wind. They believe it shows that the sun’s location in space might shape Earth’s history more than previously considered. 

Our whole solar system is swathed in a protective plasma shield that emanates from the sun, known as the heliosphere. It’s made from a constant flow of charged particles, called solar wind, that stretch well past Pluto, wrapping the planets in what NASA calls a “a giant bubble.” It protects us from radiation and galactic rays that could alter DNA, and scientists believe it’s part of the reason life evolved on Earth as it did. According to the latest paper, the cold cloud compressed the heliosphere in such a way that it briefly placed Earth and the other planets in the solar system outside of its influence. 

“This paper is the first to quantitatively show there was an encounter between the sun and something outside of the solar system that would have affected Earth’s climate,” says BU space physicist Merav Opher , an expert on the heliosphere and lead author of the paper.

Her models have quite literally shaped our scientific understanding of the heliosphere, and how the bubble is structured by the solar wind pushing up against the interstellar medium— the space in our galaxy between stars and beyond the heliosphere. Her theory is that the heliosphere is shaped like a puffy croissant , an idea that shook the space physics community. Now, she’s shedding new light on how the heliosphere, and where the sun moves through space, could affect Earth’s atmospheric chemistry. 

“Stars move, and now this paper is showing not only that they move, but they encounter drastic changes,” says Opher, a BU College of Arts & Sciences professor of astronomy and member of the University’s Center for Space Physics. She worked on the study during a yearlong Harvard Radcliffe Institute fellowship. 

Opher and her collaborators essentially looked back in time, using sophisticated computer models to visualize where the sun was positioned two million years in the past—and, with it, the heliosphere and the rest of the solar system. They also mapped the path of the Local Ribbon of Cold Clouds system, a string of large, dense, very cold clouds mostly made of hydrogen atoms. Their simulations showed that one of the clouds close to the end of that ribbon, named the Local Lynx of Cold Cloud, could have collided with the heliosphere. 

If that had happened, says Opher, Earth would have been fully exposed to the interstellar medium, where gas and dust mix with the leftover atomic elements of exploded stars, including iron and plutonium. Normally, the heliosphere filters out most of these radioactive particles. But without protection, they can easily reach Earth. According to the paper, this aligns with geological evidence that shows increased 60Fe (iron 60) and 244Pu (plutonium 244) isotopes in the ocean, Antarctic snow, and ice cores—and on the moon—from the same time period. The timing also matches with temperature records that indicate a cooling period.

“Only rarely does our cosmic neighborhood beyond the solar system affect life on Earth,” says Avi Loeb , director of Harvard University’s Institute for Theory and Computation and coauthor on the paper. “It is exciting to discover that our passage through dense clouds a few million years ago could have exposed the Earth to a much larger flux of cosmic rays and hydrogen atoms. Our results open a new window into the relationship between the evolution of life on Earth and our cosmic neighborhood.”

The outside pressure from the Local Lynx of Cold Cloud could have continually blocked out the heliosphere for a couple of hundred years to a million years, Opher says—depending on the size of the cloud. “But as soon as the Earth was away from the cold cloud, the heliosphere engulfed all the planets, including Earth,” she says. And that’s how it is today. 

It’s impossible to know the exact effect the cold cloud had on Earth—like if it could have spurred an ice age. But there are a couple of other cold clouds in the interstellar medium that the sun has likely encountered in the billions of years since it was born, Opher says. And it will probably stumble across more in another million years or so.

Opher and her collaborators are now working to trace where the sun was seven million years ago, and even further back. Pinpointing the location of the sun millions of years in the past, as well as the cold cloud system, is possible with data collected by the European Space Agency’s Gaia mission , which is building the largest 3D map of the galaxy and giving an unprecedented look at the speed stars move. 

“This cloud was indeed in our past, and if we crossed something that massive, we were exposed to the interstellar medium,” Opher says. The effect of crossing paths with so much hydrogen and radioactive material is unclear, so Opher and her team at BU’s NASA-funded SHIELD (Solar wind with Hydrogen Ion Exchange and Large-scale Dynamics) DRIVE Science Center are now exploring the effect it could have had on Earth’s radiation, as well as the atmosphere and climate. 

“This is only the beginning,” Opher says. She hopes that this paper will open the door to much more exploration of how the solar system was influenced by outside forces in the deep past. 

This research was supported by NASA.

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Jessica Colarossi is a science writer for The Brink . She graduated with a BS in journalism from Emerson College in 2016, with focuses on environmental studies and publishing. While a student, she interned at ThinkProgress in Washington, D.C., where she wrote over 30 stories, most of them relating to climate change, coral reefs, and women’s health. Profile

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There is 1 comment on The Solar System May Have Passed through Dense Interstellar Cloud 2 Million Years Ago, Altering Earth’s Climate

Hi Jessica, this paper was extremely incredible with lots of sense. I always love to explore space and very convinced that life somewhere outside of our solar system exists. I know that the nearest solar system is 4 light years away from us. All the time I think that how we can make it possible to get there within our lifetime span. I know it is impossible but we can still keep thinking about it.

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Global Growth Is Stabilizing for the First Time in Three Years

But 80% of world population will experience slower growth than in pre-COVID decade

WASHINGTON, June 11, 2024 — The global economy is expected to stabilize for the first time in three years in 2024—but at a level that is weak by recent historical standards, according to the World Bank’s latest Global Economic Prospects report.

Global growth is projected to hold steady at 2.6% in 2024 before edging up to an average of 2.7% in 2025-26. That is well below the 3.1% average in the decade before COVID-19. The forecast implies that over the course of 2024-26 countries that collectively account for more than 80% of the world’s population and global GDP would still be growing more slowly than they did in the decade before COVID-19.

Overall, developing economies are projected to grow 4% on average over 2024-25, slightly slower than in 2023. Growth in low-income economies is expected to accelerate to 5% in 2024 from 3.8% in 2023. However, the forecasts for 2024 growth reflect downgrades in three out of every four low-income economies since January. In advanced economies, growth is set to remain steady at 1.5% in 2024 before rising to 1.7% in 2025.

“Four years after the upheavals caused by the pandemic, conflicts, inflation, and monetary tightening, it appears that global economic growth is steadying,” said Indermit Gill, the World Bank Group’s Chief Economist and Senior Vice President. “ However, growth is at lower levels than before 2020. Prospects for the world’s poorest economies are even more worrisome. They face punishing levels of debt service, constricting trade possibilities, and costly climate events. Developing economies will have to find ways to encourage private investment, reduce public debt, and improve education, health, and basic infrastructure. The poorest among them—especially the 75 countries eligible for concessional assistance from the International Development Association—will not be able to do this without international support.”

This year, one in four developing economies is expected to remain poorer than it was on the eve of the pandemic in 2019. This proportion is twice as high for countries in fragile- and conflict-affected situations. Moreover, the income gap between developing economies and advanced economies is set to widen in nearly half of developing economies over 2020-24 —the highest share since the 1990s. Per capita income in these economies—an important indicator of living standards—is expected to grow by 3.0% on average through 2026, well below the average of 3.8% in the decade before COVID-19.

Global inflation is expected to moderate to 3.5% in 2024 and 2.9% in 2025, but the pace of decline is slower than was projected just six months ago. Many central banks, as a result, are expected to remain cautious in lowering policy interest rates. Global interest rates are likely to remain high by the standards of recent decades—averaging about 4% over 2025-26, roughly double the 2000-19 average.

“Although food and energy prices have moderated across the world, core inflation remains relatively high—and could stay that way,” said Ayhan Kose, the World Bank’s Deputy Chief Economist and Director of the Prospects Group . “That could prompt central banks in major advanced economies to delay interest-rate cuts. An environment of ‘higher-for-longer’ rates would mean tighter global financial conditions and much weaker growth in developing economies.”

The latest Global Economic Prospects report also features two analytical chapters of topical importance. The first outlines how public investment can be used to accelerate private investment and promote economic growth. It finds that public investment growth in developing economies has halved since the global financial crisis, dropping to an annual average of 5% in the past decade. Yet public investment can be a powerful policy lever. For developing economies with ample fiscal space and efficient government spending practices, scaling up public investment by 1% of GDP can increase the level of output by up to 1.6% over the medium term.

The second analytical chapter explores why small states—those with a population of around 1.5 million or less—suffer chronic fiscal difficulties. Two-fifths of the 35 developing economies that are small states are at high risk of debt distress or already in it. That’s roughly twice the share for other developing economies. Comprehensive reforms are needed to address the fiscal challenges of small states. Revenues could be drawn from a more stable and secure tax base. Spending efficiency could be improved —especially in health, education, and infrastructure. Fiscal frameworks could be adopted to manage the higher frequency of natural disasters and other shocks. Targeted and coordinated global policies can also help put these countries on a more sustainable fiscal path.

Download the full report: https://bit.ly/GEP-June-2024-FullReport

Download growth data:   https://bit.ly/GEP-June-2024-Data

Download charts: https://bit.ly/GEP-June-2024-Charts

Regional Outlooks:

East Asia and Pacific:  Growth is expected to decelerate to 4.8% in 2024 and to 4.2% in 2025. For more, see  regional overview.

Europe and Central Asia:  Growth is expected to edge down to 3.0% in 2024 before moderating to 2.9% in 2025. For more, see  regional overview .

Latin America and the Caribbean:  Growth is expected to decline to 1.8% in 2024 before picking up to 2.7% in 2025. For more, see  regional overview .

Middle East and North Africa:  Growth is expected to pick up to 2.8% in 2024 and 4.2% in 2025. For more, see  regional overview.

South Asia:  Growth is expected to slow to 6.2% in 2024 and remain steady at 6.2% in 2025. For more, see regional overview.

Sub-Saharan Africa: Growth is expected to pick up to 3.5% in 2024 and to 3.9% in 2025. For more, see  regional overview.

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