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How To Plan A Party Essay | Essay on Planning a Party, How To Plan a Perfect Party?

January 11, 2022 by Prasanna

How To Plan A Party Essay: Planning a party is never easy. You have to keep in mind the guest list, venue, budget and so on. It is necessary to plan out everything beforehand and follow a checklist so that at the end of it all you don’t find yourself wondering what to do next. In this essay, we shall explore how to plan a successful party.

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How To Plan A Party?

There are many factors that go into planning a party, like food, location, and music. The best way to start is by deciding the date. If the date is flexible, then you’ll have a few options. You should then pick a theme for your party and work from there. What you decide should depend on the type of people who will be attending. Next, start by figuring out how many people you want to invite. If you would like to have it indoors, then ensure that there is enough space. After you know how many guests you want to invite, decide on a date and time for the party. This will make it easier to coordinate with vendors such as caterers or decorators if needed. If you are hosting a large party, plan your menu and select the food you will serve. You’ll also need to decide on beverages such as alcohol and soft drinks. Be sure to order enough food for every guest. Your next step is to create invitations, which should include the date, an RSVP date, and any information about location or dress code.

Another important tip is to improvise – It can never hurt to have your sights set on having a great time and making sure everyone remains safe. While you don’t need to spend a lot of money on your party, it’s always good to have a plan. For example, if you want popcorn that tastes good, you can buy some already made and have it delivered to your party. If you want beer that is cheap but great, you can order bottles of beer in bulk and have them delivered to your party. And finally, remember to breathe. Sometimes we get so caught up in the planning process that we forget to have a minute to ourselves. Doing so will help you stay calm no matter what happens throughout the night.

To recap, these are the things to keep in mind while planning a party:

Plan the date and time for the party: When planning a party, one of the most important decisions to make is when to have it. Factors such as what day of the week, what time of day and how long your event will last all influence this decision.

Choose a theme for the party: Themes help shape the mood and atmosphere of a party. They can be as simple as an all-white affair or as elaborate as a masquerade ball. Choosing a theme for your upcoming event can be difficult, but there are certain factors to consider, such as: Which type of party is this? Are there dietary restrictions? Is it a formal or casual occasion? Who will be hosting the event? What is the occasion for the party?

Decide whether to get a venue: Venues come in all shapes and sizes and vary considerably in terms of price. If you are hosting a small event, it may be possible to host the event at your home or at a public space such as a park. However, if you are hosting an event for more than 50 people, there are many options to choose from.

Plan the food and drink: Planning the food and drink for the party is important. There are so many different things to consider, such as the type` of the menu, whether or not to include dessert, drinks, appetizers, etc.

Plan the entertainment for the party: The best ideas for party entertainment are games. Games can be anything from a scavenger hunt to charades. Games are fun and offer an opportunity to interact with one another. If the party has a large number of guests, then hiring a local band, DJ or performers might be worth it.

Plan who will be invited to your party: The guest list is a crucial decision. It’s important to figure out who you want to have at your party. Decide on the type of people you want to have at your party, then think about how many of them you’ll need to invite.

Make a Checklist

One way to make sure your party goes smoothly is to create a checklist. You can list all the tasks that need to be done based on the order they need to happen. This will reduce your stress level because you’ll know where you’re at in the process and you’ll have a list of things that still need to get done. There are several different types of checklists that can be used. A basic checklist will include things such as beverages, dishes, serving utensils, and food for the guests.

When planning a party, it is important to have a guest list. This will help you figure out what kind of food to serve. It will also help you with the budget for the party. If required, you can also speak with your guests about their dietary restrictions or allergies beforehand so you can plan accordingly.

The guest list will usually come from the following sources:

Friends and family
Potential business contacts
Civic groups
Local churches and temples

A good guest list will have some of these elements:

The Guest List should have some sort of commonality, whether it be people who are close friends, or coworkers, or people who are the same age.
The guest list should also include a variety of activities, such as socializing and dancing, so that people on the list will be able to find something to do at the event.
It is important to be aware of any guest lists that may have people who may not want to be on the list.

The venue is one of the most important aspects to consider when planning a party. You want to make sure your venue is accessible, has enough space for your guests, and will fit in with your theme. Here are some tips for deciding on the perfect location:

Think about the number of guests: How many people will be attending? How many rooms do you need, and what are your event themes/goals? Will you want to accommodate guests with special dietary needs?
Look at the space: How big is your venue? Is it easy to get around? Is it access for the guests, etc.
Consider your budget: The cost of renting out a venue is expensive, but renting out an indoor space (like a conference room or gym) might be a little cheaper.
Consider your event: Are you having a dinner party? A small gathering with guest speakers? A fundraiser? A wedding?
Check out the locations in person: Head to the venues and explore the space to determine what it is like inside. Are there any hidden or unique features?

The first step of planning is to set a budget. Take out your calculator and figure out how much money you’re able to spend on the party. When you know what you’re working with, it’s easier to focus on what kind of party you want. For example, if you have $1,000, then it would be best to just hire a caterer or buy some food for the party. On the other hand, if you had $2,000, then you could also provide drinks and music too. One way to keep your party planning budget in check is to make a list of all the things you want for your party. Work with what you have at home, rent what you need, and borrow anything else that’s important to your event. Remember, planning your budget from the beginning will save you from buying things you don’t really need.

The type of food needed at parties depends on whether the party is casual, formal, or a potluck. For casual parties, guests will usually bring their own food such as a mixed salad, sandwiches with potato chips, and quesadillas. Formal parties usually have a good mix of salads and finger foods like cocktail shrimp. A potluck would include many different dishes from various hosts.

Drink planning is one of the most important parts of throwing a great party. You have to think about what type of drinks you will be going to have, and what types of side food your guests might want. Maybe you want to start a cocktail bar or go with a variety of beer and wine for your drink selection. For guests who prefer to remain sober, ensure that they have choices too, such as water, iced tea, fruit juices, or soda.

Decorations

One way to set the tone for your event is with decorations. At a wedding reception, flowers, tablecloths, and mood-setting candles are often used. For children’s parties, balloons and streamers can create an atmosphere of joy. Streamers or paper chains in colors may be hung along walls for decoration at events such as birthday parties. Paper chains, sometimes called paper lanterns, are commonly hung from the ceiling. String lights may be used at holiday events such as Christmas and Halloween parties. Decorations for a dinner party include candle holders and flower arrangements. Table linens, centerpieces and your choice of dinnerware can also set the mood and style of a dinner party.

Entertainment

The most important thing to consider is entertainment for your guests. If you’re hosting a large party, hire a live band or DJ to keep your party going all night long. For smaller gatherings, create a playlist on your phone and play it through speakers. Bring out board games and other activities for your guests to socialize with one another. When you’re in charge of the planning, try to include a few activities that don’t require guests to leave the party. For instance, bring out a few small trays of snacks that guests can enjoy while lounging in a seating area with friends.

Conclusion on How To Plan A Party Essay

Planning a party is usually a complicated task. There are many things to consider, including the guest list, food, location, entertainment, etc. The key to having a successful party is planning ahead. You should start by figuring out what type of party you want to have – birthday, retirement, wedding – and then list all the things that are needed for that type of party. Once you have this list, you can prioritize the things on your list and start making decisions based on your needs.

FAQ’s on How to Plan A Party

Question 1. What are the steps to plan a party?

Answer: Following are important steps to consider when planning a party:

Plan the date and time for the party
Choose a theme for the party
Decide whether to get a venue
Plan the food and drink
Plan the entertainment for the party
Plan who will be invited to your party

Question 2. How do you start a party?

Answer: A party can be as simple as inviting a few friends over to watch a movie. If you plan on hosting a party, consider planning it out in advance. Begin by sitting down with your friends and writing out the event’s title, date and time, and the guest list. You’ll want to include information about what type of party this will be (family-friendly, formal, camp-out), along with any other details that are important for your guests to know (what snacks will be served, games for kids or adults to play etc).

Question 3. How do I host a good party?

Answer: First off, it is important to think about the type of party you are planning. Is this a birthday party for friends? An anniversary event for the family? Or is it a wedding event? If so, take into account the theme and how your guests will feel. It’s also important to consider your budget. You don’t want to spend too much on food and drinks if you’re hosting an intimate get-together with your close friends. However, if you’re having a wedding reception or other large group event, make sure you have enough space for all of your guests. Guests might feel uncomfortable if they’re packed in like sardines at a smaller gathering.

Question 4. How do you plan a party with no money?

Answer: If you are planning a party and don’t have any money, then get creative! If you have to make things yourself, think about what needs to be done beforehand. It can be a lot of work, but it will save you money and allow for some fun twists. You could try to use things you already have at home and also borrow from family or friends. Most importantly, try to avoid having a party with no food, because it won’t go over well with you or your guests.

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How to Plan a Successful Party in 11 Easy Steps

From choosing an entertainment style to preparing your home for guests, this party planning checklist will ensure your next fête goes off without a hitch.

Madeline Buiano is an editor at MarthaStewart.com, sharing her knowledge on a range of topics—from gardening and cleaning to home.

Whether you have a birthday coming up or you're hosting guests for the holiday season , planning a party can feel like a daunting task. What should go on the invitation? What foods and drinks should you serve? Should you hire caterers?

While these are all important questions to ask yourself, they shouldn't feel overwhelming. A simple party planning checklist will help you streamline what needs to get done a month versus a few weeks in advance—and what can be saved for the days leading up to your event.

1. Decide on a Party Type

The kind of party you throw will dictate how you plan it. Are you hosting a formal dinner event that needs caterers? An open house where people can come and go? A casual backyard barbecue with outdoor games? "The varieties of parties you can throw in your home are limited only by your imagination," says Liz Curtis, entertaining expert and the founder of the first rent-the-table service, Table + Teaspoon . "The rule of thumb for picking a party style is to choose what sounds like the most fun to you and run with that format."

2. Choose a Theme

Whether or not you have a theme is a personal choice, but it can help inform your décor and menu choices. "Employing a theme for your party can be as straightforward as a color palette," Curtis says. If you are going with a theme or overarching aesthetic, make sure you don't go so over-the-top that guests feel crowded or your home looks forced. "Go for substance over kitsch when choosing your theme," Curtis says.

3. Select a Date

Next, set a date for your party. This will help you come up with a timeline. "Typically, checking in with a few key guests about a date that works for them is a good way to start the planning process," says Curtis. Use that information to decide on a day and time that works for you and your closest loved ones. Keep in mind that around 25% of your guest list will cancel closer to the date, so have backups in mind, particularly for seated parties," Curtis adds.

4. Reach Out to Vendors

If it's in your budget, hiring professionals is a great way to take some of the pressure off. "For catering, depending on where you live, it's a good idea to do this as far in advance as possible," says Sarah Spiegel , a designer and entertaining expert.

If you have chosen to hire caterers, live music, or bartenders, be sure to discuss the details at length ahead of the event. Talk to them about song choices, menu selections, and review a timeline of the day in advance. "Give specific loading and parking instructions as well to ensure the day of the party goes smoothly," says Kristine Cooke, an event planner and designer at Simply Charming Socials .

5. Send Invitations

Invitations set the tone for your gathering, so it's important to make sure they have all of the essential details. Start by choosing a method of delivery—an email, social media send, or a mailed invitation—then use your theme to guide your design. "Send your invitation out three to six weeks before your party," Curtis says. "Include the date, time, location, attire, anything you would like your guests to bring, dietary restriction requests, and an RSVP on your invitation."

6. Plan Your Menu

If you're preparing the entire meal at home, plan ahead as much as possible. "Choose the menu, gather and read the recipes, make a shopping list , and time out your items so that your stove and oven aren't overloaded," says Cooke. "A cooking schedule is always helpful, ensuring courses and dishes are ready in a timely manner."

The part of the evening everyone looks forward to the most is the food. "For the menu, determine not only how the meal will be served—plated, cocktail style , grazing station, self-serve—but also what cuisine works well for the time of day and theme of the event," says Cooke. At a cocktail party, for example, you wouldn't want to serve something suitable for a sit down dinner, like roasted duck.

Also, consider how the foods on your menu pair together. "I always like to include something fresh and light to balance out any heavier dishes," Spiegel says. In the same vein, avoid having repetitive ingredients when organizing your menu—if you're making a pear dessert, for example, don't also include pears in your side salad.

Use your invitations to help guide your menu by considering guests' dietary restrictions. "Still, some people may forget to answer you, so it's always wise to make sure there is at least one thing to eat that is vegetarian and without dairy or gluten—maybe a salad or something where you can easily hold the cheese," Spiegel says.

Beverages are also a good time to consider the style of party you're hosting. For a casual, open house-style event, opt for a bar cart with pitcher cocktails and grab-and-go options. If you're planning a formal dinner, serve guests wine, Champagne, or sparkling water at the start of the meal, then keep options at the table for when glasses run empty. "Both boozy and non-alcoholic drinks should be on hand," says Cooke.

7. Make a Checklist

A lot goes into planning a party—to keep everything organized, write out a detailed checklist of what you need to accomplish. "The week before your party, create a list of everything that has to happen before your guests arrive, and then assign dates to each component," Curtis says. Everything from what grocery supplies you need to the type of music you want to play should be itemized as a to-do so you're not scrambling to get anything done last minute.

8. Prepare Your Servingware

The last thing you need the day of your soirée is to realize you're missing a plate or bowl in your dinner set. Avoid this mishap by preparing your servingware at least two days before the party. "I set it all on a table and you can even use a note to write what you plan to serve in each dish," Spiegel says. Be sure to clean everything before laying it all out—this includes polishing your silverware .

9. Make a Playlist

Music is an important element of any celebration—it gives the event more personality and fills in quieter moments throughout the evening. "Make sure to prepare a playlist in advance," says Spiegel. "I think it's fun to play music that reflects your own personal style and tastes. Just be sure to consider what your guests will enjoy, too."

10. Prepare Your Home

Get your home ready for company a few days early. "If you forget anything, you'll have time to go shopping without interfering with your cooking schedule," Curtis says. This includes cleaning all common or guest-facing areas and setting up any decorations ahead of time. And don't forget about smaller details, like providing fresh linens, throw pillows, and extra seating to make your home feel more inviting.

11. Add Ambience

The day of your party is all about adding the finishing touches. "Lighting and florals are the easiest way to create a comfortable atmosphere," says Curtis. Pick up fresh flowers the day of your event and place them throughout your house—especially in areas where guests tend to gather. The combination of candles and florals will make your home smell luxurious by the time loved ones arrive.

Candles will also help to fill your home with ambient lighting, so you won't have to use harsh overhead lights. You can also use dimmers or twinkle lights for this effect. "For candles, I use unscented so as not to compete with the food," says Spiegel.

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9.3 Organizing Your Writing

Learning objectives.

Understand how and why organizational techniques help writers and readers stay focused.
Assess how and when to use chronological order to organize an essay.
Recognize how and when to use order of importance to organize an essay.
Determine how and when to use spatial order to organize an essay.

The method of organization you choose for your essay is just as important as its content. Without a clear organizational pattern, your reader could become confused and lose interest. The way you structure your essay helps your readers draw connections between the body and the thesis, and the structure also keeps you focused as you plan and write the essay. Choosing your organizational pattern before you outline ensures that each body paragraph works to support and develop your thesis.

This section covers three ways to organize body paragraphs:

Chronological order
Order of importance
Spatial order

When you begin to draft your essay, your ideas may seem to flow from your mind in a seemingly random manner. Your readers, who bring to the table different backgrounds, viewpoints, and ideas, need you to clearly organize these ideas in order to help process and accept them.

A solid organizational pattern gives your ideas a path that you can follow as you develop your draft. Knowing how you will organize your paragraphs allows you to better express and analyze your thoughts. Planning the structure of your essay before you choose supporting evidence helps you conduct more effective and targeted research.

Chronological Order

In Chapter 8 “The Writing Process: How Do I Begin?” , you learned that chronological arrangement has the following purposes:

To explain the history of an event or a topic
To tell a story or relate an experience
To explain how to do or to make something
To explain the steps in a process

Chronological order is mostly used in expository writing , which is a form of writing that narrates, describes, informs, or explains a process. When using chronological order, arrange the events in the order that they actually happened, or will happen if you are giving instructions. This method requires you to use words such as first , second , then , after that , later , and finally . These transition words guide you and your reader through the paper as you expand your thesis.

For example, if you are writing an essay about the history of the airline industry, you would begin with its conception and detail the essential timeline events up until present day. You would follow the chain of events using words such as first , then , next , and so on.

Writing at Work

At some point in your career you may have to file a complaint with your human resources department. Using chronological order is a useful tool in describing the events that led up to your filing the grievance. You would logically lay out the events in the order that they occurred using the key transition words. The more logical your complaint, the more likely you will be well received and helped.

Choose an accomplishment you have achieved in your life. The important moment could be in sports, schooling, or extracurricular activities. On your own sheet of paper, list the steps you took to reach your goal. Try to be as specific as possible with the steps you took. Pay attention to using transition words to focus your writing.

Keep in mind that chronological order is most appropriate for the following purposes:

Writing essays containing heavy research
Writing essays with the aim of listing, explaining, or narrating
Writing essays that analyze literary works such as poems, plays, or books

When using chronological order, your introduction should indicate the information you will cover and in what order, and the introduction should also establish the relevance of the information. Your body paragraphs should then provide clear divisions or steps in chronology. You can divide your paragraphs by time (such as decades, wars, or other historical events) or by the same structure of the work you are examining (such as a line-by-line explication of a poem).

On a separate sheet of paper, write a paragraph that describes a process you are familiar with and can do well. Assume that your reader is unfamiliar with the procedure. Remember to use the chronological key words, such as first , second , then , and finally .

Order of Importance

Recall from Chapter 8 “The Writing Process: How Do I Begin?” that order of importance is best used for the following purposes:

Persuading and convincing
Ranking items by their importance, benefit, or significance
Illustrating a situation, problem, or solution

Most essays move from the least to the most important point, and the paragraphs are arranged in an effort to build the essay’s strength. Sometimes, however, it is necessary to begin with your most important supporting point, such as in an essay that contains a thesis that is highly debatable. When writing a persuasive essay, it is best to begin with the most important point because it immediately captivates your readers and compels them to continue reading.

For example, if you were supporting your thesis that homework is detrimental to the education of high school students, you would want to present your most convincing argument first, and then move on to the less important points for your case.

Some key transitional words you should use with this method of organization are most importantly , almost as importantly , just as importantly , and finally .

During your career, you may be required to work on a team that devises a strategy for a specific goal of your company, such as increasing profits. When planning your strategy you should organize your steps in order of importance. This demonstrates the ability to prioritize and plan. Using the order of importance technique also shows that you can create a resolution with logical steps for accomplishing a common goal.

On a separate sheet of paper, write a paragraph that discusses a passion of yours. Your passion could be music, a particular sport, filmmaking, and so on. Your paragraph should be built upon the reasons why you feel so strongly. Briefly discuss your reasons in the order of least to greatest importance.

Spatial Order

As stated in Chapter 8 “The Writing Process: How Do I Begin?” , spatial order is best used for the following purposes:

Helping readers visualize something as you want them to see it
Evoking a scene using the senses (sight, touch, taste, smell, and sound)
Writing a descriptive essay

Spatial order means that you explain or describe objects as they are arranged around you in your space, for example in a bedroom. As the writer, you create a picture for your reader, and their perspective is the viewpoint from which you describe what is around you.

The view must move in an orderly, logical progression, giving the reader clear directional signals to follow from place to place. The key to using this method is to choose a specific starting point and then guide the reader to follow your eye as it moves in an orderly trajectory from your starting point.

Pay attention to the following student’s description of her bedroom and how she guides the reader through the viewing process, foot by foot.

Attached to my bedroom wall is a small wooden rack dangling with red and turquoise necklaces that shimmer as you enter. Just to the right of the rack is my window, framed by billowy white curtains. The peace of such an image is a stark contrast to my desk, which sits to the right of the window, layered in textbooks, crumpled papers, coffee cups, and an overflowing ashtray. Turning my head to the right, I see a set of two bare windows that frame the trees outside the glass like a 3D painting. Below the windows is an oak chest from which blankets and scarves are protruding. Against the wall opposite the billowy curtains is an antique dresser, on top of which sits a jewelry box and a few picture frames. A tall mirror attached to the dresser takes up most of the wall, which is the color of lavender.

The paragraph incorporates two objectives you have learned in this chapter: using an implied topic sentence and applying spatial order. Often in a descriptive essay, the two work together.

The following are possible transition words to include when using spatial order:

Just to the left or just to the right
On the left or on the right
Across from
A little further down
To the south, to the east, and so on
A few yards away
Turning left or turning right

On a separate sheet of paper, write a paragraph using spatial order that describes your commute to work, school, or another location you visit often.

Collaboration

Please share with a classmate and compare your answers.

Key Takeaways

The way you organize your body paragraphs ensures you and your readers stay focused on and draw connections to, your thesis statement.
A strong organizational pattern allows you to articulate, analyze, and clarify your thoughts.
Planning the organizational structure for your essay before you begin to search for supporting evidence helps you conduct more effective and directed research.
Chronological order is most commonly used in expository writing. It is useful for explaining the history of your subject, for telling a story, or for explaining a process.
Order of importance is most appropriate in a persuasion paper as well as for essays in which you rank things, people, or events by their significance.
Spatial order describes things as they are arranged in space and is best for helping readers visualize something as you want them to see it; it creates a dominant impression.

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How to Organize an Essay

Last Updated: March 27, 2023 Fact Checked

This article was co-authored by Jake Adams . Jake Adams is an academic tutor and the owner of Simplifi EDU, a Santa Monica, California based online tutoring business offering learning resources and online tutors for academic subjects K-College, SAT & ACT prep, and college admissions applications. With over 14 years of professional tutoring experience, Jake is dedicated to providing his clients the very best online tutoring experience and access to a network of excellent undergraduate and graduate-level tutors from top colleges all over the nation. Jake holds a BS in International Business and Marketing from Pepperdine University. There are 17 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page. This article has been fact-checked, ensuring the accuracy of any cited facts and confirming the authority of its sources. This article has been viewed 286,817 times.

Essay Template and Sample Essay

Laying the Groundwork

Step 1 Determine the type of essay you're writing.

For example, a high-school AP essay should have a very clear structure, with your introduction and thesis statement first, 3-4 body paragraphs that further your argument, and a conclusion that ties everything together.
On the other hand, a creative nonfiction essay might wait to present the thesis till the very end of the essay and build up to it.
A compare-and-contrast essay can be organized so that you compare two things in a single paragraph and then have a contrasting paragraph, or you can organize it so that you compare and contrast a single thing in the same paragraph.
You can also choose to organize your essay chronologically, starting at the beginning of the work or historical period you're discussing and going through to the end. This can be helpful for essays where chronology is important to your argument (like a history paper or lab report), or if you're telling a story in your essay.
The “support” structure begins with your thesis laid out clearly in the beginning and supports it through the rest of the essay.
The “discovery” structure builds to the thesis by moving through points of discussion until the thesis seems the inevitable, correct view.
The “exploratory” structure looks at the pros and cons of your chosen topic. It presents the various sides and usually concludes with your thesis.

If you haven't been given an assignment, you can always run ideas by your instructor or advisor to see if they're on track.
Ask questions about anything you don't understand. It's much better to ask questions before you put hours of work into your essay than it is to have to start over because you didn't clarify something. As long as you're polite, almost all instructors will be happy to answer your questions.

For example, are you writing an opinion essay for your school newspaper? Your fellow students are probably your audience in this case. However, if you're writing an opinion essay for the local newspaper, your audience could be people who live in your town, people who agree with you, people who don't agree with you, people who are affected by your topic, or any other group you want to focus on.

Getting the Basics Down

A thesis statement acts as the “road map” for your paper. It tells your audience what to expect from the rest of your essay.
Include the most salient points within your thesis statement. For example, your thesis may be about the similarity between two literary works. Describe the similarities in general terms within your thesis statement.
Consider the “So what?” question. A good thesis will explain why your idea or argument is important. Ask yourself: if a friend asked you “So what?” about your thesis, would you have an answer?
The “3-prong thesis” is common in high school essays, but is often frowned upon in college and advanced writing. Don't feel like you have to restrict yourself to this limited form.
Revise your thesis statement. If in the course of writing your essay you discover important points that were not touched upon in your thesis, edit your thesis.

If you have a librarian available, don't be afraid to consult with him or her! Librarians are trained in helping you identify credible sources for research and can get you started in the right direction.

Try freewriting. With freewriting, you don't edit or stop yourself. You just write (say, for 15 minutes at a time) about anything that comes into your head about your topic.
Try a mind map. Start by writing down your central topic or idea, and then draw a box around it. Write down other ideas and connect them to see how they relate. [14] X Research source
Try cubing. With cubing, you consider your chosen topic from 6 different perspectives: 1) Describe it, 2) Compare it, 3) Associate it, 4) Analyze it, 5) Apply it, 6) Argue for and against it.

If your original thesis was very broad, you can also use this chance to narrow it down. For example, a thesis about “slavery and the Civil War” is way too big to manage, even for a doctoral dissertation. Focus on more specific terms, which will help you when you start you organize your outline. [16] X Trustworthy Source University of North Carolina Writing Center UNC's on-campus and online instructional service that provides assistance to students, faculty, and others during the writing process Go to source

Organizing the Essay

Step 1 Create an outline of the points to include in your essay.

Determine the order in which you will discuss the points. If you're planning to discuss 3 challenges of a particular management strategy, you might capture your reader's attention by discussing them in the order of most problematic to least. Or you might choose to build the intensity of your essay by starting with the smallest problem first.

Step 2 Avoid letting your sources drive your organization.

For example, a solid paragraph about Hamlet's insanity could draw from several different scenes in which he appears to act insane. Even though these scenes don't all cluster together in the original play, discussing them together will make a lot more sense than trying to discuss the whole play from start to finish.

Step 3 Write topic sentences for each paragraph.

Ensure that your topic sentence is directly related to your main argument. Avoid statements that may be on the general topic, but not directly relevant to your thesis.
Make sure that your topic sentence offers a “preview” of your paragraph's argument or discussion. Many beginning writers forget to use the first sentence this way, and end up with sentences that don't give a clear direction for the paragraph.
For example, compare these two first sentences: “Thomas Jefferson was born in 1743” and “Thomas Jefferson, who was born in 1743, became one of the most important people in America by the end of the 18th century.”
The first sentence doesn't give a good direction for the paragraph. It states a fact but leaves the reader clueless about the fact's relevance. The second sentence contextualizes the fact and lets the reader know what the rest of the paragraph will discuss.

Step 4 Use transitional words and sentences.

Transitions help underline your essay's overall organizational logic. For example, beginning a paragraph with something like “Despite the many points in its favor, Mystic Pizza also has several elements that keep it from being the best pizza in town” allows your reader to understand how this paragraph connects to what has come before.
Transitions can also be used inside paragraphs. They can help connect the ideas within a paragraph smoothly so your reader can follow them.
If you're having a lot of trouble connecting your paragraphs, your organization may be off. Try the revision strategies elsewhere in this article to determine whether your paragraphs are in the best order.
The Writing Center at the University of Wisconsin - Madison has a handy list of transitional words and phrases, along with the type of transition they indicate. [22] X Research source

You can try returning to your original idea or theme and adding another layer of sophistication to it. Your conclusion can show how necessary your essay is to understanding something about the topic that readers would not have been prepared to understand before.
For some types of essays, a call to action or appeal to emotions can be quite helpful in a conclusion. Persuasive essays often use this technique.
Avoid hackneyed phrases like “In sum” or “In conclusion.” They come across as stiff and cliched on paper.

Revising the Plan

You can reverse-outline on the computer or on a printed draft, whichever you find easier.
As you read through your essay, summarize the main idea (or ideas) of each paragraph in a few key words. You can write these on a separate sheet, on your printed draft, or as a comment in a word processing document.
Look at your key words. Do the ideas progress in a logical fashion? Or does your argument jump around?
If you're having trouble summarizing the main idea of each paragraph, it's a good sign that your paragraphs have too much going on. Try splitting your paragraphs up.

You may also find with this technique that your topic sentences and transitions aren't as strong as they could be. Ideally, your paragraphs should have only one way they could be organized for maximum effectiveness. If you can put your paragraphs in any order and the essay still kind of makes sense, you may not be building your argument effectively.

For example, you might find that placing your least important argument at the beginning drains your essay of vitality. Experiment with the order of the sentences and paragraphs for heightened effect.

Expert Q&A

↑ Jake Adams. Academic Tutor & Test Prep Specialist. Expert Interview. 20 May 2020.
↑ http://www.writing.utoronto.ca/advice/planning-and-organizing/organizing
↑ http://writingcenter.unc.edu/handouts/understanding-assignments/
↑ https://open.lib.umn.edu/writingforsuccess/chapter/6-1-purpose-audience-tone-and-content/
↑ https://www.student.unsw.edu.au/writing-your-essay
↑ https://www.hamilton.edu/writing/writing-resources/persuasive-essays
↑ http://writingcenter.unc.edu/handouts/thesis-statements/
↑ http://writingcenter.unc.edu/handouts/brainstorming/
↑ https://owl.english.purdue.edu/engagement/2/2/53/
↑ https://pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca/scholarlywriting/chapter/revising-a-thesis-statement/
↑ http://writingcenter.unc.edu/handouts/reorganizing-drafts/
↑ https://www.grammarly.com/blog/essay-outline/
↑ https://wts.indiana.edu/writing-guides/paragraphs-and-topic-sentences.html
↑ http://writingcenter.unc.edu/handouts/transitions/
↑ https://writing.wisc.edu/Handbook/Transitions.html
↑ http://writingcenter.unc.edu/handouts/conclusions/
↑ https://writingcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/reading-aloud/

About This Article

To organize an essay, start by writing a thesis statement that makes a unique observation about your topic. Then, write down each of the points you want to make that support your thesis statement. Once you have all of your main points, expand them into paragraphs using the information you found during your research. Finally, close your essay with a conclusion that reiterates your thesis statement and offers additional insight into why it’s important. For tips from our English reviewer on how to use transitional sentences to help your essay flow better, read on! Did this summary help you? Yes No

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How to Organize a Party

Wondering how to organize a party at home or at work?

Are you looking for helpful party organization tips so you can plan your upcoming event with ease?

Who doesn’t love a party?

Enjoying a party as a guest is easy. You just show up, eat, drink and be merry!

But organizing a party…well that’s a different beast altogether.

In this post, you’ll find several key points to help you organize a party.

Looking for a step-by-step guide to help you plan that event with ease? Check out my eBook, How to Plan a Great Event in 60 Days.

Figure out what type of party you want to have.

What type of party do you want to hold?

You could throw a:

Surprise party
Birthday party
Anniversary party
Graduation party
Get well party
Housewarming party
Baby shower party
Engagement party
Bridal shower
Congratulations party
Block party
Costume party
Retirement party
Farewell party
…or a just because party, well, just because!

At this point in time, it helps to have a rough idea of how many people you will want to invite to your party.

Create your budget.

How much money are you willing to spend on your party ?

This includes invitations, food, drink, table and seat settings, decorations, music, and entertainment.

You’ll definitely need to create a budget for yourself to keep things in check.

Be brutally honest with yourself here. You don’t want to end up over budget after all is said and done.

Which of the above items are the most and the least important to you?

Select the venue, date, and time.

Where are you going to hold your party?

Your home, a friend’s home, hotel, office, banquet hall, community center, pool, park or house of worship?

Will you need to get a permit, license, or book a venue to hold the party?

On what day and time are you going to hold your party?

Create a guest list.

Based on your budget and venue arrangements, you’ll need to confirm a few things related to your guest list.

You need to identify not only how many people you’ll invite, but the specific guests you’re going to invite.

How you will you invite guests? Via paper invitation, phone, text, social media application or carrier pigeon?

Will your guests be able to invite others or not?

If you are throwing a party on behalf of someone, be sure to ask for a list of people they’d like to invite.

Send Guest invitations.

What if you organized a party and no one came?

When preparing invitations, be sure to include the location, date, time, invitees, RSVP date as well as contact information, directions and any other notes.

Send invitations a couple of weeks in advance of your party to give people a chance to check/clear/hold their calendars and RSVP.

Make and confirm other arrangements.

Are you throwing a party with additional arrangements such as music and entertainment?

Now’s the time to make and confirm those arrangements.

Pay careful attention to pricing, dates, services, and times for set-up and break-down.

Make a list of supplies and go shopping.

Make a list of supplies that you’ll need: food, drink, beverages, decorations, place settings, and furniture.

Take the list with you when you go shopping.

Buy non-perishables first, followed by perishables as you get nearer to the party date.

Give Yourself plenty of time.

Always, always give yourself more time than you think you may need to set up for a party.

It is far easier to have much too much time on your hands than to have too little.

You’ll be thankful for that extra time when the decorations, food & beverages, music/entertainment take longer to prepare than expected.

You’ll also appreciate having some time to spare when you realize you need to make a last-minute trip to the store (hey, it happens!)

Enjoy your party.

You’ve worked hard, now it’s time to go and have some fun!

Welcome your guests, enjoy food, drink, dancing, conversations and the company of one another.

I have an event planning guide that could help you plan your party or event. Click here to find out more.

If you want to organize your thoughts, ideas, and plans so you can work more productively, let’s talk. Click here to schedule a strategy session with me.

How about you? Which of the above tips are you going to follow to help you plan your event? Leave a comment below and join in the conversation!

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How to Organise an Essay – A Comprehensive Guide & Examples

Published by Grace Graffin at August 17th, 2021 , Revised On October 11, 2023

The quality of a well-written essay largely depends on the quality of the content and the author’s writing style. Students with little to no essay writing experience almost always struggle to figure out how to organise an essay.

Even if you have great essay writing skills but are unable to keep the sequence of information right in your essay, you may not impress the readers.

A narrator cannot craft an engaging story until he learns to organise his vivid thoughts. The best way to organise an essay is to create a map of the essay beforehand to ensure that your essay’s structure allows for a smooth flow of information.

Here is all you need to learn in order to organise an essay.

The Importance of Organisation of an Essay

Readers are always looking for an essay that is easy in its approach, i.e. an essay that is reader-friendly and follows an easy-to-understand structure, etc.

Your essay should be organised to convey a clear message to the reader without using any vague statements. As an essayist, it will be your responsibility to make sure that there are no spelling, grammar, capitalization, and punctuation errors in the essay paper.

You might wonder why you need to put increased effort into the organisation of an essay. If you had the opportunity to work with a professional essayist or any other individual working in English literature, you would get to know that each of these professionals pays a lot of attention to organising an essay because a poorly structured essay can really turn away your readers.

Basic Essay Organisation

The first things to organise are what you are going to say and in what order you are going to say those things. After this, it is a case of refining those things. You can start by separating all your text into three sections: introduction , main body , and conclusion . Can it really be so simple? Yes, and of course, no. There are several ways to organise an essay depending on different factors.

Different Patterns for the Organisation of an Essay

There is no specific way of organising an essay. Multiple styles and methods are utilised by writers based on the academic subject, academic level, and expectations of the audience. Below we have discussed some of the most common ways to organise an essay.

Chronological Organisation

Organising an essay chronologically – sometimes called the cause-and-effect approach – is one of the simpler ways to organise your essay. This way of organisation tends to discuss the events in the specific order they occurred. The chronological organisation method is especially important for narrative and reflective essays .

The writer will be expected to recognise the sequence of events and structure the essay accordingly, i.e. what happens in the beginning, middle, and at end. Use this approach if it allows for the clearest and most logical presentation of your information.

Where is Chronological Organisation Used?

Scientific processes – Where a process has many steps, it is likely that the order of these steps is vital.
Historical events – Things are clearer for the reader when events in the past are relayed in the order in which they happened. This can also apply to political progress.
Biographies – Events that occurred in someone’s lifetime or examining events covering just a short time in one person’s life, such as a JFK’s final day.

Specific Language Needed

Essays that describe a succession of events following each other will require good use of prepositions of time. These are words, often pairs, such as next, after this/that, following on from that, later… Be careful not to overuse the same word, as this can become repetitive and tedious for the reader.

Spatial Organisation

The spatial organisation refers to describing items based on their physical locations or relation to other items. It often involves describing things as and when they appear. It makes it easier for the writer to give a vivid picture through the essay. This method tends to discuss comparisons, narrations, and descriptions .

When using this technique, make sure to organise the information pertaining to comparisons, narrations, and descriptions from either top to bottom or left to right. Note that while location and position are very important with this method, time is largely ignored.

Where is Spatial Organisation Used?

Descriptive essays – It is excellent for describing objects, people, and places. It is also useful for showing social or physical phenomena – the arrangement of a rainforest.
Narrating events – You can take the reader through a visual processor to describe events that occurred, showing them everything on the way.
Medical – Those who need to describe the workings of bodies, medicines, operations on bodies, and anatomy might choose this approach.
Technical construction – You can describe how a physical mechanism or building works or is constructed.

If you do not have a picture to show, you need to describe it.

For instance, if you are writing an essay about a brand-new, impressively featured smartphone, you can begin to brief about the smartphone starting from the top camera down to the buttons located at the bottom .

From the example above, you can see that an essay using spatial organisation will require you to talk about where things are. This will mean quite extensive and careful use of a group of words called prepositions , such as next to, attached to, near, behind, under, alongside… If you are describing movement, then there are prepositions that indicate movement, such as through, into, out of, toward, away from, and past.

You need to be specific in your use of prepositions as the reader might be imagining events with no image to refer to other than what you have described.

Climactic Order

This method is also known as organising by importance or ascending order. Following this technique, the writer starts the essay with the least important information and gradually moves towards the most important – the climax. The idea is to save the best till the last.

The introduction and conclusion are unaffected by this organisational style. The main body of the essay is where the structure is used. This type of organisation is applicable where there is no need for logical ordering. For example, in a scientific process, each step logically follows the previous one. Steps will vary in how eventful they are; you cannot write about such a process by saving the most eventful for the end.

When to Use Climactic Order

This method is sometimes used as a way of keeping readers interested, even in suspense. If written in the opposite direction, anticlimactic, you might lose readers after they have learned about the most exciting part.

In narrating a story or sequence of events that culminate in something serious or important, this is a good style to use.

Interested in ordering an essay?

Topical Organisation

As the name itself suggests, this form of organisation explains different features and sides of the topic with no specific order. Unlike climactic order, this type of essay organisation treats different aspects of one topic with the same importance. The way to achieve this is to divide the whole topic up into its subtopics and then define each one.

Where is Topical Organisation Used?

Scientific essays – This could be an exploratory essay, especially where an organism or something consisting of multiple parts has to be described.
Compare-and-contrast essays – Where things have to be compared against each other for their similarities and differences. This could be when comparing two pieces of art or literature; the works’ various aspects could be examined separately.
Descriptive essays – If, for example, you have to write an essay about yourself, you can describe the different aspects of your body and personality in their own sections.
Expository essays – Where something is explained with facts, not opinions, the subject can be broken down and looked at piece by piece.

For example , describing how information technology has had serious consequences on mankind can start with how people overlooked technology in the beginning. It could then discuss the causes of social media addiction that have taken the world by storm in recent times.

Comparing and Contrasting: Alternating and Block Methods

It is worth noting that compare-and-contrast essays can be structured in two distinct ways. They are the alternating method, where each part is compared in turn, and the block method, where each thing is considered in its entirety.

Using the alternating method to compare two cars, you might compare the bodywork of both, then move on to their interiors, and then the engines. The other way is the block method; here, you would write a full block discussing all aspects of one car and then a block discussing the same aspects of the other car.

Also Read: How to Develop Essay Topic Ideas

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Key Tips for Organising your Essay

Planning and organising your essay not only benefit the reader, but the writer also gets great help from the whole process. Following organisational patterns helps the writer by saving time without having to go through the same content repeatedly.

If you plan to develop a great essay , you must ensure good planning for your essay. Using the correct format to present your material will complement the material itself. Let’s discuss some key tips on how to organise an essay:

Also Read: Organisational Templates for Essays

Start your Essay with Simple Arguments

A good tactic in producing an organised essay is to start your essay by providing simple arguments. It does not mean that only simple arguments should be part of the essay. Relatively complex or difficult arguments should also be placed later in the main body of the essay .

If your readers can understand the most basic arguments, they will be more likely to grasp the message resulting from more complicated arguments and statements.

This further relates to the point that if you start your essay with simple information that your readers can agree to without much hesitation, you will be more likely to convince them to agree to more controversial arguments.

Get the Readers on your Side

As an example, by presenting a simple, well-understood scientific argument early on, you start to get your readers on board. You then present another argument that can be seen as a logical progression from the first. When you raise a more complex and possibly contentious argument, it helps if you can apply principles from your initial example. If the readers agreed with the basic argument, logically they would agree with the more complex version.

This early presentation of a simpler argument ties in with giving your audience background information early in the essay. While you might assume your readers understand the subject you are writing about, you should not skip background information by assuming they will know it.

Know your Audience

In this era of technological advancement, people tend to make quick decisions as they have to look at multiple platforms to find content. Understandably, the essay needs to be well structured and well formalised, yet it should be organised in a way that is user-friendly. If the audience you are going to target is not going to be enticed by it, you need to reconsider your approach and tactics.

Define Technical Terms

While providing information in the essay, make sure that you define all the technical terms that the readers may not be aware of. This needs to be done as the first step before you alienate and confuse your reader and he decides to avert.

It would be best if you drafted your essay in such a manner that a layperson can understand it without making any extra effort. Jargon or technical terms must be defined within the content.

If used excessively, you can describe these terms in a different paragraph, making it more convenient for the readers.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is an essay structure.

The structure of an essay is the way in which you present your material. This mostly applies to the main body of your essay. You can consider the introduction and conclusion parts as bookends that hold the main block of information in place. There are several ways to organise the main body, and they mostly depend on what kind of material you are presenting. Certain types of essays benefit from certain ways of delivering the information within.

An appropriately structured essay gives your arguments and ideas their best chance. When the correct structure is supported by well-written paragraphs and good use of transitions , it will be an impressive essay to read.

Is referencing affected by the essay style I choose?

No, the approach you take in organising your essay does not affect how you reference your sources. What affects your referencing is the formatting style you are instructed to use, such as Harvard , APA, MLA, or Chicago.

Are there fixed rules on which method of organising to use for certain subjects?

No, there is no rule that says you have to use a certain style. However, practice shows that the aims of certain types of essays are best achieved when presented in particular styles.

Do I have to provide a glossary of technical terms?

How you define technical terms to your readers is your choice. It can depend on the amount of them. If there are not many, they can be introduced within the text. If the essay topic is of a highly technical nature, then a separate sheet with definitions might be the best way to explain them without extending the length of your essay .

Describe a surprise party that you organized for your friend.

-what was the occasion, -where you organized it, -how you did it, and explain how you felt about it..

Well, I have attended a plethora of parties in my whole life such as a birthday party, anniversary party and so on. But here I would like to talk about a surprise birthday party that I had arranged for my friend Saba. I explain it briefly.

Last year in the month of December, Saba’s birthday was on 5th December. She is my best friend but she belongs to a middle-class family. About two days before her birthday, she told me that she did not have enough money to celebrate her birthday. As a result, she felt gloomy. I wished that she should celebrate her birthday with great enthusiasm.

Then, I thought about the idea of organizing a surprise birthday party for Saba. I shared it with my mother and asked for help. She got ready to do. Actually, I have been receiving my pocket money for 2000 rupees every month. I am used to saving some money from it because my mom said that it is a good thing to save money. We can use it in our need.

I purchased decoration accessories for the decoration in Saba’s birthday party. On the day of Saba’s birthday, we both met at college but I had not wished her for her birthday. She was looking gloomy. Perhaps, she thought about my behavior which I did on that day. We together attended all the lectures and in the evening, she went to her house. I also came back to my home.

After then, In the evening, I had organized a birthday party for Saba on the roof of my home. My mom helped me. I did decoration on the whole roof like a bridal with colorful balloons. Besides, A chocolate cake was baked by my mother for Saba. I informed Saba’s mother about my plan and prohibited her to tell anything to Saba. She obeyed with me. Then, I called Saba via mobile phone. I said to her to come to my home quickly. When she came to my home, I opened the door and covered her eyes with a piece of cloth.

I took her on the roof of my home. My family and Saba’s mom were available there. I removed that piece of cloth from her eyes and all the persons who available in the party started clapping for Saba. She felt highly elated. She thanked me. Further, she cut the cake. I gave her a present, as well as other persons, gave different presents to her.

All in all, she thanked me again for such a beautiful party. When I saw my friend’s smile, then I felt myself on the ninth cloud by happiness.

describe the food that people eat on special events

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An Overview of the Writing Process

Organizing an essay.

There are many elements that must come together to create a good essay. The topic should be clear and interesting. The author’s voice should come through, but not be a distraction. There should be no errors in grammar, spelling, punctuation, or capitalization. Organization is one of the most important elements of an essay that is often overlooked. An organized essay is clear, focused, logical and effective.

Organization makes it easier to understand the thesis. To illustrate, imagine putting together a bike. Having all of the necessary tools, parts, and directions will make the job easier to complete than if the parts are spread across the room and the tools are located all over the house. The same logic applies to writing an essay. When all the parts of an essay are in some sort of order, it is both easier for the writer to put the essay together and for the reader to understand the main ideas presented in the essay.

Photo of a white kitchen lit with windows. Rows of glass jars line shelves over the countertop, and a hanging rack of pans and pots appears beneath that.

Strategy 1. Reverse Outlining

If your paper is about Huckleberry Finn, a working thesis might be: “In Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain develops a contrast between life on the river and life on the shore.” However, you might feel uncertain if your paper really follows through on the thesis as promised.

This paper may benefit from reverse outlining. Your aim is to create an outline of what you’ve already written, as opposed to the kind of outline that you make before you begin to write. The reverse outline will help you evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of both your organization and your argument.

Read the draft and take notes Read your draft over, and as you do so, make very brief notes in the margin about what each paragraph is trying to accomplish.

Outline the Draft After you’ve read through the entire draft, transfer the brief notes to a fresh sheet of paper, listing them in the order in which they appear. The outline might look like this:

Paragraph 1: Intro
Paragraph 2: Background on Huck Finn
Paragraph 3: River for Huck and Jim
Paragraph 4: Shore and laws for Huck and Jim
Paragraph 5: Shore and family, school
Paragraph 6: River and freedom, democracy
Paragraph 7: River and shore similarities
Paragraph 8: Conclusion

Examine the Outline Look for repetition and other organizational problems. In the reverse outline above, there’s a problem somewhere in Paragraphs 3-7, where the potential for repetition is high because you keep moving back and forth between river and shore.

Re-examine the Thesis, the Outline, and the Draft Together Look closely at the outline and see how well it supports the argument in your thesis statement. You should be able to see which paragraphs need rewriting, reordering or rejecting. You may find some paragraphs are tangential or irrelevant or that some paragraphs have more than one idea and need to be separated.

Strategy 2. Talk It Out

Drawing of two men sitting at a cafe table talking. They are wearing period dress (bowlers, suits, bow ties).

Find a Friend, your T.A., your Professor, a relative, a Writing Center tutor, or any sympathetic and intelligent listener. People are more accustomed to talking than writing, so it might be beneficial to explain your thinking out loud to someone before organizing the essay. Talking to someone about your ideas may also relieve pressure and anxiety about your topic.

Explain What Your Paper Is About Pay attention to how you explain your argument verbally. It is likely that the order in which you present your ideas and evidence to your listener is a logical way to arrange them in your paper. Let’s say that you begin (as you did above) with the working thesis. As you continue to explain, you realize that even though your draft doesn’t mention “private enterprise” until the last two paragraphs, you begin to talk about it right away. This fact should tell you that you probably need to discuss private enterprise near the beginning.

Take Notes You and your listener should keep track of the way you explain your paper. If you don’t, you probably won’t remember what you’ve talked about. Compare the structure of the argument in the notes to the structure of the draft you’ve written.

Get Your Listener to Ask Questions As the writer, it is in your interest to receive constructive criticism so that your draft will become stronger. You want your listener to say things like, “Would you mind explaining that point about being both conservative and liberal again? I wasn’t sure I followed” or “What kind of economic principle is government relief? Do you consider it a good or bad thing?” Questions you can’t answer may signal an unnecessary tangent or an area needing further development in the draft. Questions you need to think about will probably make you realize that you need to explain more your paper. In short, you want to know if your listener fully understands you; if not, chances are your readers won’t, either. [2]

Strategy 3. Paragraphs

Readers need paragraph breaks in order to organize their reading. Writers need paragraph breaks to organize their writing. A paragraph break indicates a change in focus, topic, specificity, point of view, or rhetorical strategy. The paragraph should have one main idea; the topic sentence expresses this idea. The paragraph should be organized either spatially, chronologically, or logically. The movement may be from general to specific, specific to general, or general to specific to general. All paragraphs must contain developed ideas: comparisons, examples, explanations, definitions, causes, effects, processes, or descriptions. There are several concluding strategies which may be combined or used singly, depending on the assignment’s length and purpose:

a summary of the main points
a hook and return to the introductory “attention-getter” to frame the essay
a web conclusion which relates the topic to a larger context of a greater significance
a proposal calling for action or further examination of the topic
a question which provokes the reader
a vivid image or compelling narrative [3]

Put Paragraphs into Sections You should be able to group your paragraphs so that they make a particular point or argument that supports your thesis. If any paragraph, besides the introduction or conclusion, cannot fit into any section, you may have to ask yourself whether it belongs in the essay.

Re-examine each Section Assuming you have more than one paragraph under each section, try to distinguish between them. Perhaps you have two arguments in favor of that can be distinguished from each other by author, logic, ethical principles invoked, etc. Write down the distinctions — they will help you formulate clear topic sentences.

Re-examine the Entire Argument Which section do you want to appear first? Why? Which Second? Why? In what order should the paragraphs appear in each section? Look for an order that makes the strongest possible argument. [4]

Organizing an Essay ↵
Reorganizing Your Draft ↵
Parts of an Essay ↵
Authored by : J. Indigo Eriksen. Provided by : Blue Ridge Community College. License : CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike
Image of kitchen. Authored by : Elissa Merola. Located at : https://flic.kr/p/5u4XQt . License : CC BY-NC-ND: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives
Image of two men talking. Authored by : Lovelorn Poets. Located at : https://flic.kr/p/at9FgL . License : CC BY: Attribution
Organizing an Essay. Authored by : Robin Parent. Provided by : Utah State University English Department. Project : USU Open CourseWare Initiative. License : CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike

You are going to have a party. You would like to invite a friend who lives in a city that is a long way from your home. Write a letter to your friend. In your letter • explain why you are having the party • describe your plans for the party • suggest how your friend can travel to the party and where he / she can stay

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The Closing

The style of the letter determine how you have to close it.

Check out the suggested closing sentences for each type of letter in the General IELTS Test. The closing sentence should be the last sentence of your letter.

Yours faithfully,
Yours sincerely,
Best regards,
Warm wishes,

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some people prefer to live in hot climates. Whereas others love the lifestyles in countries with cold climate. Discuss both views and give your opinion.

These days, mobile phone and the internet are very important to the ways in which people relate to one another socially. do the advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages, some-people say the government is wasting money on arts and that this money could be better spent elsewhere. to what-extent-do-you-agree-or-disagree, nowadays many people choose to be self-employed, rather than to work for a company or organisation. why might this be the case what could be the disadvantages of being self-employed, it might be said that protecting the environment is the most important challenge facing governments today. how important do you feel this issue is are there other challenges which are of equal or greater importance.

Purdue Online Writing Lab Purdue OWL® College of Liberal Arts

Organization and Structure

Welcome to the Purdue OWL

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There is no single organizational pattern that works well for all writing across all disciplines; rather, organization depends on what you’re writing, who you’re writing it for, and where your writing will be read. In order to communicate your ideas, you’ll need to use a logical and consistent organizational structure in all of your writing. We can think about organization at the global level (your entire paper or project) as well as at the local level (a chapter, section, or paragraph). For an American academic situation, this means that at all times, the goal of revising for organization and structure is to consciously design your writing projects to make them easy for readers to understand. In this context, you as the writer are always responsible for the reader's ability to understand your work; in other words, American academic writing is writer-responsible. A good goal is to make your writing accessible and comprehensible to someone who just reads sections of your writing rather than the entire piece. This handout provides strategies for revising your writing to help meet this goal.

Note that this resource focuses on writing for an American academic setting, specifically for graduate students. American academic writing is of course not the only standard for academic writing, and researchers around the globe will have different expectations for organization and structure. The OWL has some more resources about writing for American and international audiences here .

Whole-Essay Structure

While organization varies across and within disciplines, usually based on the genre, publication venue, and other rhetorical considerations of the writing, a great deal of academic writing can be described by the acronym IMRAD (or IMRaD): Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion. This structure is common across most of the sciences and is often used in the humanities for empirical research. This structure doesn't serve every purpose (for instance, it may be difficult to follow IMRAD in a proposal for a future study or in more exploratory writing in the humanities), and it is often tweaked or changed to fit a particular situation. Still, its wide use as a base for a great deal of scholarly writing makes it worthwhile to break down here.

Introduction : What is the purpose of the study? What were the research questions? What necessary background information should the reader understand to help contextualize the study? (Some disciplines include their literature review section as part of the introduction; some give the literature review its own heading on the same level as the other sections, i.e., ILMRAD.) Some writers use the CARS model to help craft their introductions more effectively.
Methods: What methods did the researchers use? How was the study conducted? If the study included participants, who were they, and how were they selected?
Results : This section lists the data. What did the researchers find as a result of their experiments (or, if the research is not experimental, what did the researchers learn from the study)? How were the research questions answered?
Discussion : This section places the data within the larger conversation of the field. What might the results mean? Do these results agree or disagree with other literature cited? What should researchers do in the future?

Depending on your discipline, this may be exactly the structure you should use in your writing; or, it may be a base that you can see under the surface of published pieces in your field, which then diverge from the IMRAD structure to meet the expectations of other scholars in the field. However, you should always check to see what's expected of you in a given situation; this might mean talking to the professor for your class, looking at a journal's submission guidelines, reading your field's style manual, examining published examples, or asking a trusted mentor. Every field is a little different.

Outlining & Reverse Outlining

One of the most effective ways to get your ideas organized is to write an outline. A traditional outline comes as the pre-writing or drafting stage of the writing process. As you make your outline, think about all of the concepts, topics, and ideas you will need to include in order to accomplish your goal for the piece of writing. This may also include important citations and key terms. Write down each of these, and then consider what information readers will need to know in order for each point to make sense. Try to arrange your ideas in a way that logically progresses, building from one key idea or point to the next.

Questions for Writing Outlines

What are the main points I am trying to make in this piece of writing?
What background information will my readers need to understand each point? What will novice readers vs. experienced readers need to know?
In what order do I want to present my ideas? Most important to least important, or least important to most important? Chronologically? Most complex to least complex? According to categories? Another order?

Reverse outlining comes at the drafting or revision stage of the writing process. After you have a complete draft of your project (or a section of your project), work alone or with a partner to read your project with the goal of understanding the main points you have made and the relationship of these points to one another. The OWL has another resource about reverse outlining here.

Questions for Writing Reverse Outlines

What topics are covered in this piece of writing?
In what order are the ideas presented? Is this order logical for both novice and experienced readers?
Is adequate background information provided for each point, making it easy to understand how one idea leads to the next?
What other points might the author include to further develop the writing project?

Organizing at the sentence and paragraph level

Signposting.

Signposting is the practice of using language specifically designed to help orient readers of your text. We call it signposting because this practice is like leaving road signs for a driver — it tells your reader where to go and what to expect up ahead. Signposting includes the use of transitional words and phrasing, and they may be explicit or more subtle. For example, an explicit signpost might say:

This section will cover Topic A and Topic B.

A more subtle signpost might look like this:

It's important to consider the impact of Topic A and Topic B.

The style of signpost you use will depend on the genre of your paper, the discipline in which you are writing, and your or your readers’ personal preferences. Regardless of the style of signpost you select, it’s important to include signposts regularly. They occur most frequently at the beginnings and endings of sections of your paper. It is often helpful to include signposts at mid-points in your project in order to remind readers of where you are in your argument.

Questions for Identifying and Evaluating Signposts

How and where does the author include a phrase, sentence, or short group of sentences that explains the purpose and contents of the paper?
How does each section of the paper provide a brief summary of what was covered earlier in the paper?
How does each section of the paper explain what will be covered in that section?
How does the author use transitional words and phrases to guide readers through ideas (e.g. however, in addition, similarly, nevertheless, another, while, because, first, second, next, then etc.)?

WORKS CONSULTED

Clark, I. (2006). Writing the successful thesis and dissertation: Entering the conversation . Prentice Hall Press.

Davis, M., Davis, K. J., & Dunagan, M. (2012). Scientific papers and presentations . Academic press.

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O-level letter (organizing a party for young school children) - how to start?

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Freelance Reporter

Jeff Swensen/Getty Images

Donald Trump ’s running mate promoted a radical anti-abortion report from the same conservative think-tank behind Project 2025.

The controversial Project 2025 report has been otherwise disavowed by the Republican campaign and Trump personally after its sweeping proposals for reforms should the GOP secure victory in the November polls came to the public’s attention.

Back in 2017, when J.D. Vance was only just getting into politics, the New York Times reports the Ohio senator “championed” a collection of 29 essays compiled by the Heritage Foundation, the conservative organization behind the highly controversial Project 2025 initiative.

Described as a “wish list” of changes to be enacted by the next conservative U.S. president, Project 2025 contains a number of extreme policies, ranging from massive curtailment of reproductive rights and bans on ‘woke propaganda’ in schools to placing the entirety of the federal bureaucracy under direct presidential control.

Though the Trump campaign has denied any ties to the initiative, with the Republican candidate himself saying “I have no idea who is behind it,” reports have since revealed how at least 140 former Trump employees were involved in drafting the 900-page document.

Much of Project 2025’s vision for a second Trump presidency is keenly reflected in the 2017 collection of essays previously endorsed by Vance. These included an article suggesting that ideally, abortion would eventually become “unthinkable” in the U.S. amid growing restrictions on access to the procedure, as well as a piece slamming fertility treatments for “luring” women into thinking it was acceptable to have children later in life—a sentiment that particularly resonates with Vance’s much-derided recent characterization of Democrat supporters as “ childless cat ladies .”

The collection is even prefaced with an introduction from Vance himself, in which he described it as an “admirable” volume, representing “an important effort in advancing [a] conversation” about “our country’s most difficult and intractable problems.”

Vance’s spokesperson, Luke Schroeder, told the Daily Beast in a statement: “Senator Vance has long made clear that he supports I.V.F. and does not agree with every opinion in this seven-year-old report, which features a range of unique views from dozens of conservative thinkers. It’s bizarre that The New York Times is writing an entire piece attacking Senator Vance for the views of other individuals.” Noah Weinrich, a Heritage spokesperson, added that Vance “had no role in editing the report and outside of his own contribution, did not have any input on the commentary throughout.”

The New York Times piece nevertheless follows after Vance announced in June he had penned the foreword to a forthcoming book by Kevin D. Roberts, president of the Heritage Foundation and one of the driving figures behind Project 2025.

Got a tip? Send it to The Daily Beast here .

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How To Plan A Party Essay
Plan the date and time for the party: When planning a party, one of the most important decisions to make is when to have it. Factors such as what day of the week, what time of day and how long your event will last all influence this decision. Choose a theme for the party: Themes help shape the mood and atmosphere of a party.
Planning a Party Essay
Planning a Party Essay. The process of planning a party takes a lot of time and focus to get every detail covered. First of all, you must decide where you will have the party, maybe a club house or your own home. When you have that decided then there are several other steps you must take in order for your party to be successful.
How to Plan a Party (with Pictures)
3. Set the mood and tone of the party with lighting and decorations. If you want to have an energetic dance environment, have music, strobe lights, lasers, a fog machine and maybe some video synchronized with your music. If you want a classy wine-tasting party, skip the strobe lights and light some candles instead.
How to Plan a Party Process Essay?
First Step. The First step is to decide on the date, place, and time of the party. Most parties take place on the weekends for the convenience of working class; however, if permitted you can have a party scheduled during the week. Be sure that the party does not conflict with the birthday person's schedule, because they have priority.
Planning a Birthday Party Essay
Planning a birthday party requires careful attention to detail, creativity, and a dash of personalization to create a memorable experience for the celebrant and guests. From selecting the theme to organizing decorations, food, entertainment, and gifts, every aspect contributes to the overall success of the celebration.
How to Plan a Party
7. Make a Checklist. A lot goes into planning a party—to keep everything organized, write out a detailed checklist of what you need to accomplish. "The week before your party, create a list of everything that has to happen before your guests arrive, and then assign dates to each component," Curtis says.
Essay Sample: Planning a Birthday Party Essay
Whether you're planning a party for yourself or a loved one, the process of organizing a birthday celebration can be both exciting and daunting. In this essay, we will explore the various aspects of planning a birthday party, from selecting the perfect theme and venue to creating a memorable guest list and coordinating activities.
Essay Example: Planning a Birthday Party Essay
It is a moment to rejoice in life, reflect on accomplishments, and create lasting memories. Planning a birthday party is not just a logistical endeavor; it's an art that involves a thoughtful blend of creativity, organization, and consideration for the guest of honor. This essay delves into the intricate process of planning a memorable ...
9.3 Organizing Your Writing
Exercise 3. On a separate sheet of paper, write a paragraph that discusses a passion of yours. Your passion could be music, a particular sport, filmmaking, and so on. Your paragraph should be built upon the reasons why you feel so strongly. Briefly discuss your reasons in the order of least to greatest importance.
How to Organize an Essay (with Pictures)
3. Determine your writing task. How you organize your essay will also depend on what your writing task is. This is usually in the assignment or prompt. Look for keywords like "describe," "analyze," "discuss," or "compare.". These will tell you what your writing "job" is -- what the essay needs to accomplish. [5]
Organizing an Essay
Organizing an Essay. Organizing ideas and information clearly and logically in an essay, so that readers will understand and be able to follow the writer's thinking, is an essential stage of the writing process, but one that often proves to be more difficult than it sounds. When people write, ideas tend to come out in whatever order they occur ...
How to Organize a Party
Make a list of supplies and go shopping. Make a list of supplies that you'll need: food, drink, beverages, decorations, place settings, and furniture. Take the list with you when you go shopping. Buy non-perishables first, followed by perishables as you get nearer to the party date.
How to Organise an Essay
Basic Essay Organisation. The first things to organise are what you are going to say and in what order you are going to say those things. After this, it is a case of refining those things. You can start by separating all your text into three sections: introduction, main body, and conclusion.
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Describe a surprise party that you organized for your friend
I removed that piece of cloth from her eyes and all the persons who available in the party started clapping for Saba. She felt highly elated. She thanked me. Further, she cut the cake. I gave her a present, as well as other persons, gave different presents to her. All in all, she thanked me again for such a beautiful party.
Organizing an Essay
An organized essay is clear, focused, logical and effective. Organization makes it easier to understand the thesis. To illustrate, imagine putting together a bike. Having all of the necessary tools, parts, and directions will make the job easier to complete than if the parts are spread across the room and the tools are located all over the house.
How to Structure an Essay
The basic structure of an essay always consists of an introduction, a body, and a conclusion. But for many students, the most difficult part of structuring an essay is deciding how to organize information within the body. This article provides useful templates and tips to help you outline your essay, make decisions about your structure, and ...
An invitation to a party
You want to invite your friend, Lisa. Write an email to invite her to the party. Tell her when it is, what she should bring and how to get there. To: [email protected]. Subject: Invitation. Hi Lisa, I'm having a birthday party next Friday at my house. Would you like to come?
You are going to have a party
Dear Alex, Hope you are doing good! I wanted to formally invite you to a party at my place on 30th September. As you know, I have always dreamed of buying a house. month, with the god grace I am able to fulfil my long-due dream, it is in New Jersey at the 3rd St. George Road. On that occasion, my wife is organizing.
Organization and Structure
Organization and Structure. There is no single organizational pattern that works well for all writing across all disciplines; rather, organization depends on what you're writing, who you're writing it for, and where your writing will be read. In order to communicate your ideas, you'll need to use a logical and consistent organizational ...
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500 Words Essay On Birthday Party. Birthdays are a significant part of everyone's life. It makes people feel special on that day and deepens their gratitude. My Thirteenth Birthday Party. I will always cherish the memory of my thirteenth birthday party—we visited an amusement park. All of my close cousins and friends were invited to the ...
O-level letter (organizing a party for young school children)
May 8, 2012 #1. As part of your extra-curricular activities, your Principal wants your class to hold a party for young. school children. He asks you to explain in a letter how you would organise the event. Write your letter. In it you must include the following: - When and where the party will be held. - How you will decorate the place.
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