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Demystifying Assignment of Lease: Your Go-To Guide

LegalGPS : July 25, 2024 at 12:20 PM

When you’re talking about property leasing, it’s important to understand that there are a lot of terms and concepts that you may have never heard before. One of them is the assignment of lease, which refers to a situation where a tenant transfers their rights and responsibilities under the lease agreement to another party.

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What is an Assignment of Lease, and why is it so crucial?

An Assignment of Lease is a term you may have heard thrown around, especially if you're involved in rental properties. It’s a pretty important document. But what exactly is it? Well, in simple terms, an Assignment of Lease is an agreement where the original tenant of a property transfers their leases and all of its rights and obligations to a new tenant. Now, you might be wondering, "When would this scenario ever occur?"

Let's imagine you're a tenant who signed a three-year lease for an office space. However, two years in, you need to relocate due to unprecedented growth of your business. Instead of breaking the lease, you might choose to assign your lease to another business looking for office space. This means that you, as the original tenant, no longer have any obligations under the lease. The new tenant is now responsible for paying rent and complying with all of the terms of the previously signed agreement.

Now that you understand, let's get into the step-to-step guide on how to create an Assignment of Lease!

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Steps to Write an Assignment of Lease

Creating a thorough Assignment of Lease agreement doesn't need to be an overwhelming task. Simply follow these steps to ensure your agreement is both comprehensive and legally binding:

Step 1: Identify the Parties

The information of each party should be included. For the existing tenant (the assignor), make sure to include:

Full legal name or business name

Postal mailing address

Phone number and email address

Do the same for the new tenant (the assignee). Make sure all the information is up-to-date and accurate to avoid any unnecessary confusion or disputes. For example, if the assignor is a business, make sure they have updated their mailing address with the post office to reflect their new building location. If a party has multiple addresses, be sure to list them all.

Step 2: Specify the Lease

This section requires exact information from the original lease agreement, including:

Property address and description

Lease start and end date

A reference to the original lease agreement (for instance, a sentence like "the lease agreement dated...")

Remember to include a copy of the original lease as an attachment to ensure the assignee understands the terms they're adhering to. If not already included in the original lease agreement, be sure to add the following information: Description of rental property, Lease term (how long the lease is good for), Rent amount, and Security deposit amount.

Step 3: Detail the Assignment

State that the assignor is transferring all their interests and obligations in the lease to the assignee. Here, write something like:

"The Assignor hereby assigns, transfers, and conveys to the Assignee all of the Assignor's rights, title, and interest in and to the Lease, together with all the Assignor's obligations, liabilities, and duties under the Lease."

This means that the assignor is transferring all of their interests and obligations in the lease to the assignee. This includes any future rent payments, repairs and maintenance responsibilities, notices of default by either party, and so on.

Step 4: Landlord's Consent

Many leases require the landlord's consent to assign the lease. The assignor should request written consent from the landlord and include a clause like:

"The assignment of the lease is not valid unless and until the landlord provides written consent."

This is followed by a place for the landlord to affirm consent by signing or initialing. This is important because the landlord can elect to withhold consent and the assignment will not be valid. If this is the case, you may need to provide additional consideration for your landlord's assent (for example, an increase in rent).

Step 5: Assignee Acceptance

Include a statement in which the new tenant agrees to the assignment and the terms of the lease. It may look like:

"The Assignee hereby accepts this assignment, assumes all duties and responsibilities under the Lease, and agrees to perform all of the Assignor's obligations under the Lease."

You need to do this because the new tenant needs to have an affirmative acceptance of the assignment in order for it to be valid. This is typically done through a letter from the assignee stating that they agree to perform all of your obligations under the lease.

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Step 6: Signature and Date

Every binding legal document needs a date and a signature. Make sure that there is a proper place for the assignor and the assignee to sign and print their names, with a line for the date.

By following these clear, actionable steps, you'll be able to construct an effective Assignment of Lease agreement. Remember, every situation is unique, so adjust the template as necessary, being sure to include all relevant details.

Clear so far? Great! Now, let's focus on the tips to draft a perfect Assignment of Lease.

Tips to Draft a Perfect Assignment of Lease

Accurate Dates: Be sure to include the date when this agreement will take effect. Precision avoids any confusion about durations, when the assignee takes over, or when the assignor's obligations end.

Clear Terms: This document should restate the terms of the original lease. The assignee needs a clear understanding of what they're stepping into. Bit ambiguous? Think of it like this: the assignee should be able to step into the assignor's shoes comfortably.

Specify Rent Terms: Stating the rent amount, due dates, and method of payment in the assignment helps create a record of the agreed-upon rent terms, ensuring no misunderstanding arises in the future.

Specify the Term: The assignment should state how long the new lease lasts. For example, if the original lease is for one year, then the assignee will assume only a one-year term.

Specify Other Conditions: If there are other conditions in place—such as tenant improvements or utility allowances—then specify these too.

An assignment of lease doesn't have to be a formidable task to overcome. With a cautious and considered approach, these documents can be a smooth and seamless part of managing a successful lease transition.

Our contract templates can offer you even more support, empowering you towards crafting an excellent and individualized Assignment of Lease ready for your task. So why not take your next step towards leasing success and check them out today? Click here to get started!

Get Legal GPS's Assignment of Lease Template Now

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Subleasing and Assignment Provisions in Commercial Leases

• June 17, 2020

Before the COVID-19 pandemic, many business owners paid little attention to subleasing and assignment provisions when negotiating commercial leases . It was common to focus on rent, maintenance, taxes, and insurance, which affect a tenant’s bottom line, and options to renew the lease if the business thrives. Recently, however, one of the top concerns of commercial tenants is flexibility in case they no longer need to use a portion, or all, of the leased space. In this context, subleasing and assignment provisions are key deal terms.

The Difference Between Subleasing and Assignment

A sublease does not alter the relationship between the landlord and the tenant, who remains liable for all of the tenant’s obligations under the lease. However, the tenant enters into a subordinate lease (the sublease) with a subtenant regarding a portion, or all, of the leased space. After a sublease is signed, the landlord interacts with the tenant, and the tenant interacts with the subtenant.

An assignment alters the relationship between the landlord and the tenant by assigning the tenant’s rights and obligations from the first tenant (the assignor) to the second tenant (the assignee). The assignee steps into the shoes of the assignor, and has a direct contractual relationship with the landlord. After an assignment of the lease, the landlord interacts directly with the assignee.

Important Deal Points Regarding Subleasing and Assignment

Leases may include many provisions regarding subleasing and assignment. Some of the most common issues include the following:

• In what circumstances is landlord consent required? Leases typically require the landlord’s consent for any sublease or assignment. However, some leases have different provisions for special circumstances, such as subleasing or assignment to a related entity, or assignment of the lease in connection with the sale of the tenant’s business.
• What is the standard for landlord consent? Provisions that require the landlord’s consent may be followed by a standard such as “in the landlord’s sole discretion,” or “which may not be unreasonably withheld.” Obviously, the second standard is more favorable to the tenant. However, as a practical matter, if a dispute arises regarding whether a landlord’s denial was reasonable or unreasonable, arbitration or litigation would be expensive, the outcome would be uncertain, and the prospective subtenant or assignee may be unwilling to wait to see how the dispute is resolved.
• What information must be provided regarding the proposed subtenant or assignee? Many leases require confidential financial information regarding the proposed subtenant or assignee. The proposed subtenant or assignee may be more comfortable providing information if the lease contains confidentiality and non-disclosure requirements to restrict the landlord’s use of the information. An argument can be made that less information should be required regarding a proposed subtenant than a proposed assignee, because the landlord will not enter into a direct contractual relationship with the subtenant and the tenant will remain liable under the lease.
• What are the landlord’s alternatives? A tenant might assume that if the tenant requests consent to a sublease or assignment, the landlord’s alternatives will be limited to granting or withholding consent. However, many leases give the landlord a third alternative, to cancel the lease if the tenant requests a sublease or an assignment. This is known as a right of recapture.
• When is the landlord’s response due? Some leases do not set a deadline for the landlord’s response to a request for consent to a sublease or assignment. A delayed response would prevent the tenant from moving forward until the response is received. A delayed response also may result in a lost opportunity, if the proposed subtenant or assignee is under time constraints.
• What is the effect if the landlord fails to provide a timely response? A lease may provide that if the landlord fails to respond to a request for consent within a specified period of time, then consent is deemed granted, or a lease may provide that in such circumstances, consent is deemed denied. The first alternative is more favorable for a tenant, but the prospective subtenant or assignee might not be willing to rely on a “deemed consent” provision and may require actual consent before moving forward.
• What are the landlord’s remedies if a sublease or assignment is made without requesting consent? Generally, if a tenant subleases or assigns a lease without obtaining required consent from the landlord, then the tenant is in default and the landlord can exercise all remedies under the lease. The lease also may provide that a sublease or assignment without the landlord’s consent is invalid and unenforceable.
• Will the assignor be released from liability for the tenant’s obligations after an assignment? It may seem like common sense that if a lease is assigned with the landlord’s consent, then the original tenant (assignor) will no longer be responsible for the tenant’s obligations under the lease. However, a lease may provide that the assignor will remain liable under the lease after an assignment. Similarly, the landlord’s written consent may state that both the assignor and the assignee will be responsible for the tenant’s obligations after the lease is assigned. In order to be released, the assignor should obtain a written agreement from the landlord stating that after an assignment, the assignor will no longer be responsible for the tenant’s obligations under the lease.
• Will a guarantor be released from liability for the tenant’s obligations after an assignment? Many landlords require a personal guaranty from an individual, or a corporate guaranty from a related entity, to ensure payment of the tenant’s obligations under a commercial lease. Guarantees typically provide that they will remain in effect even if the lease is assigned. However, the tenant may be able to negotiate for the termination of the guarantee in the event that the lease is assigned.  In some cases, the landlord may require a substitute guarantor.
• What is the effect of subleasing on the obligations of the tenant and the guarantor? A sublease does not affect the tenant’s obligations to the landlord under the lease, or the guarantor’s obligations to the landlord under the guaranty.

If a business owner is considering entering into a new lease, it is important to carefully review the subleasing and assignment provisions and negotiate any necessary changes before signing the lease. If a tenant desires to sublease or assign an existing lease, it is important to review the applicable requirements and restrictions before taking any action. An experienced real estate attorney can assist the tenant by spotting issues, explaining alternatives, and negotiating with the landlord to help the tenant accomplish its business objectives.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR(S)

Michael D. Klemm

Phone: 952-746-2198, email: [email protected], due diligence in commercial real estate transactions, three alternatives for a buyer to keep a seller’s low mortgage interest rate, webinar replay: hoa fall legal updates 2022, escalation clause tips and traps for buying a home (or an island), webinar replay: hoa fall webinar, on-demand webinar – covid-19 and hoas: how to operate during the pandemic, covid-19 and commercial real estate leases in minnesota, january 1 deadline for preventative maintenance plans, schedules and budgets, crossing the line obtaining building permits for decks in cic’s.

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Assignments & Subleases in Commercial Real Estate Leases

Assignments and Subleases

For many businesses, entering into a lease is an essential and important part of their businesses.  Other than payroll, lease payments are often a business’s largest expense.  However, given the complexity and sheer length of a typical commercial lease, it is a daunting proposition to review and negotiate a lease on your own.  This is the third in a series of articles discussing the major issues to be considered in a typical commercial lease.

This week, we’ll explore assignments and subleases.  While assignments and subleases will have varying terms and conditions on a case-by-case basis, we’ll discuss generally about the issues involved in most assignments and subleases.

An assignment of a lease occurs when an existing tenant (“Assignor”) assigns its rights and obligations under the lease to a new tenant (“Assignee”).  Another form of assignment occurs when a landlord sells the property and a new landlord takes over the lease.  A sublease is often used when the existing tenant (often referred to as “Sublandlord” or “Sublessor”) rents a portion of, or the entire leased premises to another tenant (“Sublessee”), typically for a limited term.  Some leases provide landlords the right to terminate the lease if an existing tenant requests an assignment or lease.

Assignment clauses may also be triggered unwittingly by change of ownership, or equity transfers, in a corporate or LLC tenant.  Leases frequently state that a transfer of a certain percentage of the shares or membership interest in a corporate or LLC tenant shall be construed an assignment.  A tenant should always check its lease for such provisions prior to entering into an equity transfer transaction.

PRACTICAL COUNSEL:  In both assignments and subleases, the rights and obligations of the existing and incoming tenants are delineated in the underlying lease document.  A prospective tenant should take care when reviewing a proposed lease to ensure that they understand the implications of an assignment or sublease, as they may be faced with unfavorable consequences.  Whether a business needs to move out of a leased space due to growth, sell itself, or has space that is not being used, the assignment and sublease clauses will come into play and it is imperative to understand their implications.  The actual assignment of lease or sublease agreements should also be drafted and negotiated carefully to conform to the underlying lease, as well as protect the best interests of the Assignor, Assignee, Sublessor or Sublessee.

• assignments basic law

Assignments: The Basic Law

The assignment of a right or obligation is a common contractual event under the law and the right to assign (or prohibition against assignments) is found in the majority of agreements, leases and business structural documents created in the United States.

As with many terms commonly used, people are familiar with the term but often are not aware or fully aware of what the terms entail. The concept of assignment of rights and obligations is one of those simple concepts with wide ranging ramifications in the contractual and business context and the law imposes severe restrictions on the validity and effect of assignment in many instances. Clear contractual provisions concerning assignments and rights should be in every document and structure created and this article will outline why such drafting is essential for the creation of appropriate and effective contracts and structures.

The reader should first read the article on Limited Liability Entities in the United States and Contracts since the information in those articles will be assumed in this article.

Basic Definitions and Concepts:

An assignment is the transfer of rights held by one party called the “assignor” to another party called the “assignee.” The legal nature of the assignment and the contractual terms of the agreement between the parties determines some additional rights and liabilities that accompany the assignment. The assignment of rights under a contract usually completely transfers the rights to the assignee to receive the benefits accruing under the contract. Ordinarily, the term assignment is limited to the transfer of rights that are intangible, like contractual rights and rights connected with property. Merchants Service Co. v. Small Claims Court , 35 Cal. 2d 109, 113-114 (Cal. 1950).

An assignment will generally be permitted under the law unless there is an express prohibition against assignment in the underlying contract or lease. Where assignments are permitted, the assignor need not consult the other party to the contract but may merely assign the rights at that time. However, an assignment cannot have any adverse effect on the duties of the other party to the contract, nor can it diminish the chance of the other party receiving complete performance. The assignor normally remains liable unless there is an agreement to the contrary by the other party to the contract.

The effect of a valid assignment is to remove privity between the assignor and the obligor and create privity between the obligor and the assignee. Privity is usually defined as a direct and immediate contractual relationship. See Merchants case above.

Further, for the assignment to be effective in most jurisdictions, it must occur in the present. One does not normally assign a future right; the assignment vests immediate rights and obligations.

No specific language is required to create an assignment so long as the assignor makes clear his/her intent to assign identified contractual rights to the assignee. Since expensive litigation can erupt from ambiguous or vague language, obtaining the correct verbiage is vital. An agreement must manifest the intent to transfer rights and can either be oral or in writing and the rights assigned must be certain.

Note that an assignment of an interest is the transfer of some identifiable property, claim, or right from the assignor to the assignee. The assignment operates to transfer to the assignee all of the rights, title, or interest of the assignor in the thing assigned. A transfer of all rights, title, and interests conveys everything that the assignor owned in the thing assigned and the assignee stands in the shoes of the assignor. Knott v. McDonald’s Corp ., 985 F. Supp. 1222 (N.D. Cal. 1997)

The parties must intend to effectuate an assignment at the time of the transfer, although no particular language or procedure is necessary. As long ago as the case of National Reserve Co. v. Metropolitan Trust Co ., 17 Cal. 2d 827 (Cal. 1941), the court held that in determining what rights or interests pass under an assignment, the intention of the parties as manifested in the instrument is controlling.

The intent of the parties to an assignment is a question of fact to be derived not only from the instrument executed by the parties but also from the surrounding circumstances. When there is no writing to evidence the intention to transfer some identifiable property, claim, or right, it is necessary to scrutinize the surrounding circumstances and parties’ acts to ascertain their intentions. Strosberg v. Brauvin Realty Servs., 295 Ill. App. 3d 17 (Ill. App. Ct. 1st Dist. 1998)

The general rule applicable to assignments of choses in action is that an assignment, unless there is a contract to the contrary, carries with it all securities held by the assignor as collateral to the claim and all rights incidental thereto and vests in the assignee the equitable title to such collateral securities and incidental rights. An unqualified assignment of a contract or chose in action, however, with no indication of the intent of the parties, vests in the assignee the assigned contract or chose and all rights and remedies incidental thereto.

More examples: In Strosberg v. Brauvin Realty Servs ., 295 Ill. App. 3d 17 (Ill. App. Ct. 1st Dist. 1998), the court held that the assignee of a party to a subordination agreement is entitled to the benefits and is subject to the burdens of the agreement. In Florida E. C. R. Co. v. Eno , 99 Fla. 887 (Fla. 1930), the court held that the mere assignment of all sums due in and of itself creates no different or other liability of the owner to the assignee than that which existed from the owner to the assignor.

And note that even though an assignment vests in the assignee all rights, remedies, and contingent benefits which are incidental to the thing assigned, those which are personal to the assignor and for his sole benefit are not assigned. Rasp v. Hidden Valley Lake, Inc ., 519 N.E.2d 153, 158 (Ind. Ct. App. 1988). Thus, if the underlying agreement provides that a service can only be provided to X, X cannot assign that right to Y.

Novation Compared to Assignment:

Although the difference between a novation and an assignment may appear narrow, it is an essential one. “Novation is a act whereby one party transfers all its obligations and benefits under a contract to a third party.” In a novation, a third party successfully substitutes the original party as a party to the contract. “When a contract is novated, the other contracting party must be left in the same position he was in prior to the novation being made.”

A sublease is the transfer when a tenant retains some right of reentry onto the leased premises. However, if the tenant transfers the entire leasehold estate, retaining no right of reentry or other reversionary interest, then the transfer is an assignment. The assignor is normally also removed from liability to the landlord only if the landlord consents or allowed that right in the lease. In a sublease, the original tenant is not released from the obligations of the original lease.

Equitable Assignments:

An equitable assignment is one in which one has a future interest and is not valid at law but valid in a court of equity. In National Bank of Republic v. United Sec. Life Ins. & Trust Co. , 17 App. D.C. 112 (D.C. Cir. 1900), the court held that to constitute an equitable assignment of a chose in action, the following has to occur generally: anything said written or done, in pursuance of an agreement and for valuable consideration, or in consideration of an antecedent debt, to place a chose in action or fund out of the control of the owner, and appropriate it to or in favor of another person, amounts to an equitable assignment. Thus, an agreement, between a debtor and a creditor, that the debt shall be paid out of a specific fund going to the debtor may operate as an equitable assignment.

In Egyptian Navigation Co. v. Baker Invs. Corp. , 2008 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 30804 (S.D.N.Y. Apr. 14, 2008), the court stated that an equitable assignment occurs under English law when an assignor, with an intent to transfer his/her right to a chose in action, informs the assignee about the right so transferred.

An executory agreement or a declaration of trust are also equitable assignments if unenforceable as assignments by a court of law but enforceable by a court of equity exercising sound discretion according to the circumstances of the case. Since California combines courts of equity and courts of law, the same court would hear arguments as to whether an equitable assignment had occurred. Quite often, such relief is granted to avoid fraud or unjust enrichment.

Note that obtaining an assignment through fraudulent means invalidates the assignment. Fraud destroys the validity of everything into which it enters. It vitiates the most solemn contracts, documents, and even judgments. Walker v. Rich , 79 Cal. App. 139 (Cal. App. 1926). If an assignment is made with the fraudulent intent to delay, hinder, and defraud creditors, then it is void as fraudulent in fact. See our article on Transfers to Defraud Creditors .

But note that the motives that prompted an assignor to make the transfer will be considered as immaterial and will constitute no defense to an action by the assignee, if an assignment is considered as valid in all other respects.

Enforceability of Assignments:

Whether a right under a contract is capable of being transferred is determined by the law of the place where the contract was entered into. The validity and effect of an assignment is determined by the law of the place of assignment. The validity of an assignment of a contractual right is governed by the law of the state with the most significant relationship to the assignment and the parties.

In some jurisdictions, the traditional conflict of laws rules governing assignments has been rejected and the law of the place having the most significant contacts with the assignment applies. In Downs v. American Mut. Liability Ins. Co ., 14 N.Y.2d 266 (N.Y. 1964), a wife and her husband separated and the wife obtained a judgment of separation from the husband in New York. The judgment required the husband to pay a certain yearly sum to the wife. The husband assigned 50 percent of his future salary, wages, and earnings to the wife. The agreement authorized the employer to make such payments to the wife.

After the husband moved from New York, the wife learned that he was employed by an employer in Massachusetts. She sent the proper notice and demanded payment under the agreement. The employer refused and the wife brought an action for enforcement. The court observed that Massachusetts did not prohibit assignment of the husband’s wages. Moreover, Massachusetts law was not controlling because New York had the most significant relationship with the assignment. Therefore, the court ruled in favor of the wife.

Therefore, the validity of an assignment is determined by looking to the law of the forum with the most significant relationship to the assignment itself. To determine the applicable law of assignments, the court must look to the law of the state which is most significantly related to the principal issue before it.

Assignment of Contractual Rights:

Generally, the law allows the assignment of a contractual right unless the substitution of rights would materially change the duty of the obligor, materially increase the burden or risk imposed on the obligor by the contract, materially impair the chance of obtaining return performance, or materially reduce the value of the performance to the obligor. Restat 2d of Contracts, § 317(2)(a). This presumes that the underlying agreement is silent on the right to assign.

If the contract specifically precludes assignment, the contractual right is not assignable. Whether a contract is assignable is a matter of contractual intent and one must look to the language used by the parties to discern that intent.

In the absence of an express provision to the contrary, the rights and duties under a bilateral executory contract that does not involve personal skill, trust, or confidence may be assigned without the consent of the other party. But note that an assignment is invalid if it would materially alter the other party’s duties and responsibilities. Once an assignment is effective, the assignee stands in the shoes of the assignor and assumes all of assignor’s rights. Hence, after a valid assignment, the assignor’s right to performance is extinguished, transferred to assignee, and the assignee possesses the same rights, benefits, and remedies assignor once possessed. Robert Lamb Hart Planners & Architects v. Evergreen, Ltd. , 787 F. Supp. 753 (S.D. Ohio 1992).

On the other hand, an assignee’s right against the obligor is subject to “all of the limitations of the assignor’s right, all defenses thereto, and all set-offs and counterclaims which would have been available against the assignor had there been no assignment, provided that these defenses and set-offs are based on facts existing at the time of the assignment.” See Robert Lamb , case, above.

The power of the contract to restrict assignment is broad. Usually, contractual provisions that restrict assignment of the contract without the consent of the obligor are valid and enforceable, even when there is statutory authorization for the assignment. The restriction of the power to assign is often ineffective unless the restriction is expressly and precisely stated. Anti-assignment clauses are effective only if they contain clear, unambiguous language of prohibition. Anti-assignment clauses protect only the obligor and do not affect the transaction between the assignee and assignor.

Usually, a prohibition against the assignment of a contract does not prevent an assignment of the right to receive payments due, unless circumstances indicate the contrary. Moreover, the contracting parties cannot, by a mere non-assignment provision, prevent the effectual alienation of the right to money which becomes due under the contract.

A contract provision prohibiting or restricting an assignment may be waived, or a party may so act as to be estopped from objecting to the assignment, such as by effectively ratifying the assignment. The power to void an assignment made in violation of an anti-assignment clause may be waived either before or after the assignment. See our article on Contracts.

Noncompete Clauses and Assignments:

Of critical import to most buyers of businesses is the ability to ensure that key employees of the business being purchased cannot start a competing company. Some states strictly limit such clauses, some do allow them. California does restrict noncompete clauses, only allowing them under certain circumstances. A common question in those states that do allow them is whether such rights can be assigned to a new party, such as the buyer of the buyer.

A covenant not to compete, also called a non-competitive clause, is a formal agreement prohibiting one party from performing similar work or business within a designated area for a specified amount of time. This type of clause is generally included in contracts between employer and employee and contracts between buyer and seller of a business.

Many workers sign a covenant not to compete as part of the paperwork required for employment. It may be a separate document similar to a non-disclosure agreement, or buried within a number of other clauses in a contract. A covenant not to compete is generally legal and enforceable, although there are some exceptions and restrictions.

Whenever a company recruits skilled employees, it invests a significant amount of time and training. For example, it often takes years before a research chemist or a design engineer develops a workable knowledge of a company’s product line, including trade secrets and highly sensitive information. Once an employee gains this knowledge and experience, however, all sorts of things can happen. The employee could work for the company until retirement, accept a better offer from a competing company or start up his or her own business.

A covenant not to compete may cover a number of potential issues between employers and former employees. Many companies spend years developing a local base of customers or clients. It is important that this customer base not fall into the hands of local competitors. When an employee signs a covenant not to compete, he or she usually agrees not to use insider knowledge of the company’s customer base to disadvantage the company. The covenant not to compete often defines a broad geographical area considered off-limits to former employees, possibly tens or hundreds of miles.

Another area of concern covered by a covenant not to compete is a potential ‘brain drain’. Some high-level former employees may seek to recruit others from the same company to create new competition. Retention of employees, especially those with unique skills or proprietary knowledge, is vital for most companies, so a covenant not to compete may spell out definite restrictions on the hiring or recruiting of employees.

A covenant not to compete may also define a specific amount of time before a former employee can seek employment in a similar field. Many companies offer a substantial severance package to make sure former employees are financially solvent until the terms of the covenant not to compete have been met.

Because the use of a covenant not to compete can be controversial, a handful of states, including California, have largely banned this type of contractual language. The legal enforcement of these agreements falls on individual states, and many have sided with the employee during arbitration or litigation. A covenant not to compete must be reasonable and specific, with defined time periods and coverage areas. If the agreement gives the company too much power over former employees or is ambiguous, state courts may declare it to be overbroad and therefore unenforceable. In such case, the employee would be free to pursue any employment opportunity, including working for a direct competitor or starting up a new company of his or her own.

It has been held that an employee’s covenant not to compete is assignable where one business is transferred to another, that a merger does not constitute an assignment of a covenant not to compete, and that a covenant not to compete is enforceable by a successor to the employer where the assignment does not create an added burden of employment or other disadvantage to the employee. However, in some states such as Hawaii, it has also been held that a covenant not to compete is not assignable and under various statutes for various reasons that such covenants are not enforceable against an employee by a successor to the employer. Hawaii v. Gannett Pac. Corp. , 99 F. Supp. 2d 1241 (D. Haw. 1999)

It is vital to obtain the relevant law of the applicable state before drafting or attempting to enforce assignment rights in this particular area.

Conclusion:

In the current business world of fast changing structures, agreements, employees and projects, the ability to assign rights and obligations is essential to allow flexibility and adjustment to new situations. Conversely, the ability to hold a contracting party into the deal may be essential for the future of a party. Thus, the law of assignments and the restriction on same is a critical aspect of every agreement and every structure. This basic provision is often glanced at by the contracting parties, or scribbled into the deal at the last minute but can easily become the most vital part of the transaction.

As an example, one client of ours came into the office outraged that his co venturer on a sizable exporting agreement, who had excellent connections in Brazil, had elected to pursue another venture instead and assigned the agreement to a party unknown to our client and without the business contacts our client considered vital. When we examined the handwritten agreement our client had drafted in a restaurant in Sao Paolo, we discovered there was no restriction on assignment whatsoever…our client had not even considered that right when drafting the agreement after a full day of work.

One choses who one does business with carefully…to ensure that one’s choice remains the party on the other side of the contract, one must master the ability to negotiate proper assignment provisions.

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Assignment and Consent Standards in Commercial Leases

Mar 6, 2020

Assignment provisions in commercial leases are heavily negotiated and very important to both landlords and tenants. This article presents a brief overview of the assignment provision in commercial leases, both office and retail.

Assignment provisions in commercial leases are heavily negotiated and very important to both landlords and tenants. When a tenant’s interest in a lease is assigned, the tenant is transferring its entire leasehold interest and 100% of the leased premises to a third party for the entire remaining term of the lease. For the tenant, the assignment provision represents a potential exit strategy, dependent of course on the local market, and increased flexibility for future needs. For the landlord, the assignment offers greater security for its revenue stream and hopefully the avoidance of a tenant bankruptcy or default while keeping its building occupied. The tenant’s desire for flexibility and the landlord’s need for control is where the negotiations are focused. This article presents a brief overview of the assignment provision in commercial leases, both office and retail, with particular attention on the laws of Maryland, Virginia and the District of Columbia. The landlord’s standard for providing consent to a request to an assignment will be reviewed, and we will conclude by offering suggested language.

What If The Lease Does Not Contain An Assignment Provision?

The law traditionally favors the free alienation of property. Therefore, under the laws of almost every state, if the lease is silent on whether the landlord’s consent to an assignment is required, then the commercial tenant has the right to assign its interest. This is true in Maryland, Virginia and the District of Columbia. Given this baseline, almost every lease form will have a detailed provision setting forth the assignment process. Note also, however, that in most states it is also enforceable for a commercial lease to have an outright prohibition against assignments. Such a provision would likely be a non-starting deal point for most sophisticated tenants.

What Does Reasonable Mean?

If a lease simply provides that the tenant requires landlord’s consent to an assignment, but does not include the standard for giving or withholding that consent, then in many states the implied standard is that the landlord’s consent may not be unreasonably withheld. Historically this was the minority view, with the historical rule allowing the landlord to withhold consent for any reason. The implied duty of reasonableness is now more the norm as more states adopt this position when presented with the issue. There is express case law establishing this rule in Maryland, and most courts in Virginia and Washington, DC will imply such a covenant of good faith and fair dealing. Most states, though, do allow a landlord the sole right to grant or withhold its consent if the lease clearly expressly provides, and in Maryland the lease must specifically state that the landlord’s consent may be granted or withheld in the sole and absolute subjective discretion of the landlord. Again though, a sophisticated tenant with any leverage should never agree to such a provision.

Most negotiated leases will instead contain a provision requiring that landlord’s consent to an assignment is required, but such consent will not be unreasonably withheld. The tenant will likely also try to include landlord’s obligation to not unreasonably delay or condition its consent. A short clause without further defining what constitutes “reasonableness” generally favors the tenant, and landlords typically prefer including specific standards as to the criteria it can consider when reasonably deciding whether or not to consent to an assignment. Without such specificity, defining “reasonable” is difficult as the landlord and tenant clearly will have differing viewpoints and it may be left as a factual question to be decided in litigation. The typical definition (set forth in the Restatement (Second) of Property) would be that of a reasonably prudent person in the landlord’s position exercising reasonable commercial responsibility.

Absent a detailed provision listing the criteria a landlord can consider when reasonably reviewing a request to assign, a landlord is typically found to be considered reasonable if it considers certain general broad factors. First, the landlord reviews the assignee’s proposed use. In a retail setting, the landlord will be concerned whether the proposed use fits with the existing center and/or violates any existing exclusives or insurance requirements. In an office setting, the landlord might review the expected traffic and wear and tear on the building. Second, the landlord will consider the creditworthiness of the assignee. The landlord (and the assignor) will want to be confident that the assignee is capable of performing tenant’s obligations under the lease and a large creditworthy tenant increases the value of the asset. The assignor might argue that a strict financial test (such as a minimum net worth, for example) is unfair since the assignor is likely not being released upon the assignment and the landlord can still pursue the assignor in the event of a default. Third, the landlord will review the experience and history of the assignor. As mentioned above, landlords instead prefer a detailed list setting forth the many factors that they can include as part of reasonably reviewing a request for a lease assignment.

Without further establishing the criteria, the landlord puts itself at risk of a challenge by the tenant that a denial of a consent is unreasonable.

In defining “reasonable,” courts typically do not allow a landlord to deny or condition consent to an assignment based purely on economic reasons where the landlord results in substantially increasing what it was entitled to under the lease. In Washington, DC, there is well established case law holding that it is unreasonable for a landlord to withhold consent solely to extract an economic concession or improve its economic position. For example, a court would not consider it reasonable for a landlord to condition its consent on the assignee paying a greatly increased rent. Instead, as discussed below, landlords should look to protect their interests in a market of increasing rents by providing for either the sharing of excess rentals or a right to recapture.

What Are Typical Provisions In an Assignment Clause?

As discussed above, tenants generally prefer a short assignment provision simply requiring the landlord to not unreasonably withhold, condition or delay its consent to an assignment. But most leases are drafted by landlords, and over the years the assignment provisions have evolved to contain many typical provisions in addition to further defining “reasonableness,” including the following below.

• Sharing of Excess Rents. Since many states do not permit a landlord to condition its consent on improving its economic position (e. g. , by increasing the rent), most leases instead contain a provision where the landlord is entitled to all or a portion of the profits. The profits may mean increased rent, or it may even be construed more broadly to consider the value of the location in a sale of the tenant’s business. The landlord’s argument is that it doesn’t want the tenants competing in the real estate market. The tenant should push back here, and certainly try to lower the percentage shared, carve out any consideration received in the sale of tenant’s business, and only share profits after all of the tenant’s reasonable costs incurred in connection with the assignment were first deducted.
• Corporate Transfers. Since a purchase of the entity constituting tenant is likely not deemed an assignment under the law, most leases make clear that any such corporate sale, including the sale of either a controlling interest in the stock or substantially all of the assets of the tenant, is deemed an assignment for purposes of the lease. The tenant should carve out permitted transfers for typical mergers and acquisitions under certain conditions, and also carve out routine transfers of stock (or other ownership interests) between existing partners or for estate planning purposes. The landlord will likely accept a permitted transfer concept provided they receive adequate notice and the successor entity succeeds to all of the assets of the original tenant with an acceptable net worth.
• Assignment Review Fee. Most landlords include in their form lease the requirement that the tenant reimburse them for legal and administrative expenses incurred in reviewing the request for consent and preparing the assignment. The tenant clearly wants to keep these fees reasonable and in keeping with the local market.
• Recapture Rights. Landlords like to include the express right to recapture the premises in the event the tenant comes to it to request a consent for an assignment. A recapture clause allows the landlord to terminate the lease if market rents have increased or if it needs the space for another use. Sophisticated tenants should push back here as much as leverage allows, try to limit the time periods, and if nothing else try for the right to nullify the recapture by rescinding its request for the consent.
• Tenant’s Remedy. To protect themselves from claims for damages from the tenant if the landlord withholds its consent to a requested assignment, landlords often include a provision where the tenant waives its rights to monetary damages in such a situation and can only seek injunctive relief. The tenant should try to delete this provision, or at least, if leverage permits, provide for the right to seek damages if the landlord is subsequently found to have acted in bad faith.

Assignment provisions are heavily negotiated and both the commercial landlord and tenant need to be advised to the applicable local law and know the market for a comparable transaction. ( Note: The author represents office and retail landlords and tenants throughout Virginia, Maryland and the District of Columbia.) Sample reasonableness provisions for both office and retail uses are copied below for reference.

Retail Lease

Landlord and Tenant agree, by way of example and without limitation, that it shall be reasonable for Landlord to withhold its consent if any of the following situations exist or may exist: (i) In Landlord’s reasonable business judgment, the proposed assignee lacks sufficient business experience to operate a business of the type permitted under this Lease and to a quality required under this Lease; (ii) The present net worth of the proposed assignee is lower than that of Tenant’s as of either the date of the proposed assignment or the date of this Lease; (iii) The proposed assignment would require alterations to the Premises affecting the Building’s systems or structure; (iv) The proposed assignment would require modification to the terms of this Lease, or would breach any covenant of Landlord in any other lease, insurance policy, financing agreement or other agreement relating to the Shopping Center, including, without limitation, covenants respecting radius, location, use and/or exclusivity; (v) The proposed assignment would conflict with the primary use of any existing tenant in the Shopping Center or any recorded instrument to which the Shopping Center is bound; and/or (vi) The proposed assignment or subletting would result in a reduction in the Rent collected by Landlord during any portion of the term of this Lease.

Office Lease

Without limitation as to other reasonable grounds for withholding consent, the parties hereby agree that it shall be reasonable under this Lease and under any applicable law for Landlord to withhold consent to any proposed Transfer where one or more of the following apply: (i) The Transferee is of a character or reputation or engaged in a business which is not consistent with the quality of the Building; (ii) The Transferee intends to use the Premises for purposes which are not permitted under this Lease; (iii) The Transferee is a governmental agency; (iv) The Transfer occurs prior to the first anniversary of the Lease Commencement Date; (v) The Transferee has a net worth of less than $10,000,000.00; (vi) The proposed Transfer would cause a violation or trigger a termination right of another lease for space in the Building; or (vii) Either the proposed Transferee, or any person or entity which directly or indirectly, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, the proposed Transferee, (i) occupies space in the Building at the time of the request for consent, or (ii) is negotiating with Landlord to lease space in the Building at such time, or (iii) has negotiated with Landlord during the six (6)-month period immediately preceding the Transfer Notice.

Reprinted with permission from the March edition of the Commercial Leasing Law & Strategy© 2020 ALM Media Properties, LLC. All rights reserved. Further duplication without permission is prohibited, contact 877-257-3382 or [email protected] .

• John G. Kelly

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Assignment And Assumption Of Lease: Definition & Sample

Jump to section, what is an assignment and assumption of lease.

An assignment and assumption of lease is a legal real estate document that allows one party to transfer rights and obligations of a lease to another party. Often used in real estate transactions and mortgage lending, the assignment and assumption of lease agreement requires the landlord to consent to move forward.

An assignor may include an assumption agreement to provide legal protection by transferring obligations to the new tenant. For example, if a tenant defaults on a mortgage or stops paying rent, the original seller is no longer liable. Assignment and assumption of lease agreements cover terms like who is newly responsible for the lease and the landlord's contract for this agreement.

Common Sections in Assignment And Assumption Of Leases

Below is a list of common sections included in Assignment And Assumption Of Leases. These sections are linked to the below sample agreement for you to explore.

Assignment And Assumption Of Lease Sample

Reference : Security Exchange Commission - Edgar Database, EX-10.2 2 d425646dex102.htm ASSIGNMENT AND ASSUMPTION OF LEASE , Viewed October 18, 2021, View Source on SEC .

Who Helps With Assignment And Assumption Of Leases?

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I am a licensed and active NY and CT Contracts Attorney, with over 20 years of diverse legal and business experience. I specialize in reviewing, drafting and negotiating commercial agreements. My practice focuses on working with small business clients as well as clients from international brokerage firms on acquisitions, especially in the Ecommerce space; drafting, negotiating, reviewing and advising on business agreements; ; breach of contract issues, contract disputes and arbitration. I am licensed to practice in New York and Connecticut, and am a FINRA and NCDS Arbitrator. My experience includes serving as General Counsel to small businesses. This entails reviewing, updating and drafting contracts such as employments agreements, asset purchase agreements, master services agreements, operating agreements and a variety of business and commercial contracts. Additionally, I assist clients with business strategies, contract disputes and arbitration. My diverse experience allows me to give my clients a well-rounded approach to the issues they face. I have been at top AML law firms; a Vice President at an Investment Bank, a Civil Court Arbitrator presiding over cases in contract law, commercial law, a Hearing Officer, presiding over cases and rendering written decisions, and a Judicial Clerk to a Civil Court Judge. It would be a privilege to assist you and your business with my services.

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My practice has involved a wide range of legal matters from commercial real estate, finance and international business transactions to litigation matters including commercial disputes, real estate, employment, and medical malpractice. Proficient in Spanish, I graduated from the University of Kentucky College of Law, the Patterson School of Diplomacy and International Commerce, and the University of Southern California. Prior to my legal career, I sought diverse professional experiences. After graduating from college, I orchestrated my own volunteering experience in southern Peru with a small non-profit organization. Later I gained valuable professional experience as part of a U.S. Senate campaign, and after that I joined the public policy team at Greater Louisville, Inc., Louisville's Chamber of Commerce affiliate. Prior to law school, I embarked on a month long excursion with the Northern Outdoor Leadership School in Alaska, which gave me a new found appreciation for sustainability.

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What is Assignment of Lease and How It Differs from Subletting

The assignment of lease (and rent) is a foggy topic that is often confused with subletting. Let's clear the air once and all right now. Learn the differences between a lease assignment and sublease so you can make the right choice.

What is Assignment of Lease? - The Important Basics

Let's begin by introducing the 3 players in a lease assignment - The landlord, the original tenant (assignor) and the new tenant (assignee). The original tenant has an unexpired lease agreement with the landlord and he wants out. Since the original tenant can't just break the agreement and walk off, what he does is to get a new tenant to swap places... and take over all his rights and obligations for the remainder of the lease period. So if the original tenant signs a 1 year commercial lease and the business goes bust after 8 months, the new tenant will be assigned a 4-month commercial lease (with the same terms and conditions as the original agreement). Now here's the big catch: Even though the original tenant has handed over all his duties and obligations to the new tenant, he is not off the hook... unless the landlord agrees to release him from all liabilities. If the new tenant stirs up trouble, our dear original tenant will find himself in hot soup as well. Of course, whether the original tenant is allowed to pull this assignment trick out of his hat is a whole new matter. Knowing for sure is actually simpler than most people think: First, examine your local landlord tenant laws for any lease assignment rules. Most of the time, landlords are given the right to allow or disallow assignments but once in a while, the local law let tenants have the final say instead. If there's no mention of lease assignments in your law text, then your rental lease agreement shall dictate the terms.

Difference Between Lease Assignment and Subletting

When it comes to subletting vs assignment of lease, there's often a massive mix-up. Sometimes even real estate professional get it wrong by assuming them to be one and same thing. However if you dig deeper, you will find that the differences are not just numerous, but important as well. Let's begin by dragging the landlord into the picture. An assignment of lease launches the new tenant into a direct relationship with the landlord - The landlord collects rent straight from the new tenant and deals with the new tenant directly on all lease issues. So in this case, the original tenant gets to take back seat and doesn't have to manage the new tenant actively. On the other hand, there's no direct relationship between the landlord and new tenant (subtenant) in a sublease. Instead the original tenant plays mother goose and is responsible for collecting rent from the subtenant and making sure that he's following the lease rules. When you compare the two, a sublease is a lot more hands-on for the original tenant. No matter which path you take, you will still want a good new tenant who pays the rent on time and follows the lease rules to the agreement. For the golden rules on screening tenants and running credit checks, Click here for our guide to running tenant credit checks. When you have a lease assignment, the terms and conditions of the lease remains largely unchanged - It's almost like taking the original lease agreement and swapping the tenant's name with another. With a sublease, there's more breathing space - The original tenant can decide how much rent to charge, how long the subtenant is going to stay or even collect security deposit... as long as it stays within the boundaries drawn by the original lease agreement between the landlord and original tenant.

Should You Choose Assignment of Lease or Sublease?

You are the Landlord - A lease assignment is recommended in most cases. You will have more control over your new tenant (instead of leaving matters in the original tenant's hands and hoping that he would do a good job)... plus you still have the original tenant to cover your back in case anything goes wrong. You are the Original Tenant - Now this is a tricky one. If you want to someone to take over the entire lease and property for its remaining duration (e.g. your business goes belly-up and you no longer need the office), then help yourself to a lease assignment. If the landlord's consent is required for assignment (and he doesn't give the nod), you can always try offering him a lease assignment fee as a deal sweetener. However, if you are looking for someone to share the place (and rent)... or perhaps you need someone to cover the rent while you are overseas for a few short months, then a sublease would be ideal. You are the New Tenant - An assignment of lease works better for you most of the time. You won't be at the mercy of the original tenant (for example if he screws up and the landlord terminates the original lease agreement, your sublease might also go up in flames). But if you only want to rent part of the property... or don't want to tie yourself down for the remaining lease duration, then you are better off sticking to a sublease. Now that we have covered the topic of assignment vs sublease, go ahead and take your pick - Click here for an assignment of lease form or Click here for a sublet agreement instead.

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Lease Assignment Agreement

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Free Lease Assignment Agreement Template

Last Updated August 13, 2024

A Lease Assignment Agreement or Assignment of Lease is a legally binding contract between a lessee (assignor) and a new tenant (assignee). It can be used for commercial or residential properties. Tenants use this document to pass their contract obligations to a third party if they need to exit a lease early. Such a situation may occur if a tenant must relocate or shut down a business before the lease ends.

The landlord (lessor) is typically not a party to this new contract. However, the assignee must meet the terms of the original lease. In specific cases, the landlord must sign a consent to allow a tenant to assign the lease, and some may want to vet the assignee before consenting.

The Lease Assignment Agreement outlines the terms of the agreement, assigns responsibilities for breaches, and documents each party’s acceptance.

Let’s discuss how this document works and how you can create yours.

Who Needs A Lease Assignment?

Lease assignments are used by commercial or residential tenants to “sell” a lease to another person. If they cannot assign the lease, the tenant must pay rent for a space they aren’t using until the agreed-upon period is complete. However, they may pass the lease if they find a willing tenant.

The new tenant is known legally as the assignee, and the original tenant is the assignor. Assigning a lease frees you to a great extent because the landlord knows someone else has taken your place.

Lease Assignment is different from subletting a premise. In a sublease, the tenant creates a different contract, which may include a different rent amount. However, the relationship between the tenant and landlord remains the same as in the signed lease. The tenant is responsible for collecting and remitting payment to the landlord and ensuring no breaches occur.

The Role of the Landlord in a Lease Assignment

The landlord rightly expects that a tenant stays responsible for their lease until it expires. However, because of constant changes, they may anticipate a tenant wanting to exit a lease early. Therefore, many lease agreements include provisions for possible assignments.

Even when a lease agreement does not have such a provision, the tenant can negotiate a deal with the landlord. Depending on your jurisdiction, the original lease sometimes contains language requiring that the landlord not unreasonably object to a lease assignment.

Still, some landlords may want to vet the new tenant like they did the first. If your landlord decides to screen the new tenant as they did with you, they may review the following information:

• Financial status: This is especially important to the landlord if you pass on rent responsibility to the new tenant. The landlord will want proof that the assignee will make on-time payments. Checking the new tenant’s finances works in your favor because most leases will hold you accountable for missed and late payments even after you assign the contract to another person.
• Restrictions on modifications and activity: The landlord may need to know beforehand if the new tenant intends to make significant alterations to the property. If they think the proposed changes are too extensive, they may deny you permission to assign the lease. The same applies to changes in use.
• Likelihood of compliance: To determine whether the assignee will comply with the lease, a landlord may require references by former landlords.

Many landlords avoid the extra work, preferring that you remain liable. Therefore, you need to choose a trustworthy tenant and ensure they understand their obligations and responsibilities regarding the lease.

Information to Include in a Lease Assignment Agreement

Ensure your lease assignment agreement contains all necessary information so that it releases you of as much responsibility as possible.

The Type of Lease

State whether the lease is for a commercial or residential property.

Personal Information

The lease should have the names, addresses, and other information about the assignor, assignee, and landlord.

Include the physical address of the property to identify it. You may also include the size and other descriptions.

Length of the Assignment

The length of the assignment is the time left on the lease. Afterward, the new tenant may enter into a new contract with the landlord to continue using the premises. Include the effective and end dates of the assignment.

Liabilities

Outline your liabilities. Although you are exiting, your name stays on the original lease. Discuss with the assignee and the landlord to determine which liabilities you are keeping and how breaches will be resolved.

Date When You Signed the Original Lease

It’s essential to include the date the original lease took effect. Remember that the terms and conditions of that lease apply to the assignment.

Landlord’s Consent

Sometimes, the landlord’s permission to assign a lease is included as a section in the assignment agreement. However, many use a separate document to obtain the landlord’s consent and then attach it to the assignment agreement.

Unless both parties sign the contract in agreement, it remains void.

You generally do not need to include the details of the lease agreement, but the new tenant needs a copy to determine whether they agree to its terms before signing the assignment.

Easy Legal Docs has created an adaptable Lease Assignment Agreement template to get you started. Landlords, tenants, and other businesses find our collection of legal documents versatile and easy to download for free when they need them.

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Lease Assignment Agreement Template

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Lease Assignment Agreement FAQs

What is a lease assignment agreement.

A Lease Assignment Agreement is a legally binding contract between a lessee (assignor) and a new tenant (assignee). It can be used for commercial or residential properties. Tenants use this document to pass their contract obligations to a third party if they need to exit a lease early. Such a situation may occur if a tenant must relocate or shut down a business before the lease ends.

Is the tenant liable for breaches after assigning a lease?

It depends on the terms of the assignment. If the landlord releases you of responsibility, then the assignee is liable. However, if the original lease holds you liable, the landlord may pursue you and the assignee for compensation.

What is the difference between a sublease and a lease assignment?

Assigning a lease transfers ownership of an existing lease. The assignee takes the tenants' place in the lease. Subletting requires creating a separate contract between a tenant (sublessor) and a subtenant (sublessee). In a sublease, the lease agreement with the landlord remains in place, so the tenant is still responsible.

Are there alternatives to lease assignment?

If you don't have the option to assign because your landlord denies it or the lease prohibits it, check whether the contract has a "Break Clause" and the requirements for getting out early. Alternatively, you may sublet the property to another person.

Can an assignee assign a lease?

How many times a lease is assigned depends on the landlord. Leases that span a decade or more may go through several assignments in their lifetime. The conditions set in the first agreement determine whether an assignee may pass responsibilities to a new person.

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Assignment Of A Lease: Everything You Need To Know! 📃

The assignment of a lease is a legal process that allows a tenant to transfer or “sell” their lease to another party. This can be a complex process, but understanding the steps involved can help make it easier. Whether you are a landlord, tenant or prospective lease buyer or “assignee”, this guide will provide you with the information you will need to navigate the assignment of a lease.

As an existing leaseholder or commercial tenant, there are plenty of reasons why you might want to exit your business lease early. Perhaps your current premises are no longer suitable for the needs of your growing business, or maybe your business is in financial difficulty, and you need to find a lease with more favourable terms.

There are also a range of options when it comes to deciding how to exit a lease or change the occupational status of a property before the specified lease term end date.

Some of the most common include:

• Assignment of a lease, which involves selling or passing the existing lease (and remainder of the lease term) onto another party or business, who assume the role of occupational tenant;
• Terminating the lease by exercising a break option (either a rolling break option or termination of the lease on a fixed break date) by serving a formal notice on your landlord in accordance with the break clause of your lease; or
• Subletting your premises or a permitted part (with the prior consent of your direct landlord) and adopting the role of intermediate landlord yourself.

Unfortunately, exiting a lease early is not always a simple process and can be costly. A lease is a legal contract, with binding provisions and if you breach its terms, your landlord could take you to Court, sue you for damages, take remedial action and/or forfeit the lease and take back possession of the premises, depending on the nature and extent of the breach in question. Opting to pursue a process such as assigning the lease to a new tenant can make exiting a lease early possible in theory, but there are many factors that should be considered before beginning this process.

If you are thinking of trying to leave your lease early, it is advisable to obtain independent legal advice from an appropriately experienced commercial property solicitor before taking any action.

If you require legal advice or assistance on getting out of a commercial lease please call us on 0800 086 2929 , email [email protected] or complete our Free Online Enquiry Form .

In addition to office meetings, we also offer remote meetings via telephone and video conferencing software so can assist you wherever you are based.

What is assignment of a lease?

The process of assignment of a lease is essentially selling the lease to a third party (the “assignee”).

If you are a commercial property tenant, your lease likely contains a clause that would in principle allow you to assign your lease to a new tenant, subject to receiving your landlord’s prior approval and further subject to complying with certain conditions; these would usually be set out in your lease and commonly involve any number of the following:

• You as outgoing tenant providing an Authorised Guarantee Agreement (or AGA) for New Leases (post-1995), if it is reasonable in the circumstances to provide one, by way of a guarantee of the new tenant’s (assignee’s) payment of the lease rents and performance of the lease covenants going forward; and/or
• Provision of a Guarantor of requisite standing from the incoming tenant (assignee), being an individual, Director or Company, dependent on the landlord’s specific requirements; and/or
• Provision of a Rent Deposit (commonly equivalent to 3-6 months’ worth of the annual rent prescribed by the existing lease) for the landlord to hold as security; and/or
• Modern leases usually reserve a right in addition for the landlord to impose any further conditions that would be reasonable in the circumstances. Your landlord will expect this new tenant to meet the same expectations they originally set for you, and you will probably need the landlord (or indeed superior landlord’s) consent in writing before the assignment can be completed. The process for obtaining the landlord’s consent to the arrangement usually involves providing references for the proposed assignee, evidence of their financial viability and ability to comply with the lease covenants, payment of the landlord’s legal or other professional costs (e.g those of their surveyor) and the landlord being joined to a formal Licence to Assign, which would document their consent to your proposed assignment.

Whilst  your landlord is usually obliged not to  unreasonably withhold or delay their response to your application or their consent to  the proposed assignment, they are not guaranteed to provide consent and are under no obligation to give their consent if the new tenant does not  meet their standards or in the event that you cannot sufficiently evidence the proposed assignee’s ability to pay the rent(s) and comply with and perform the tenant covenants set out in your lease – so it would be  wise to be fully informed and selective  regarding the nature and identity of the proposed assignee and confident in their status and ability, in advance of you approaching your landlord with your application .

There are likely to be restrictions regarding if and when you can assign your lease, specified within the provisions of the lease document. Some common restrictions include not allowing lease assignments of part only of the premises (as opposed to the whole), if the term  is for a short period only, and not allowing the lease to be assigned if the lease would be due to end imminently, or indeed if there is a material ongoing breach of the lease terms, such as allowing the property to fall into disrepair or significant rent arrears.

Once a lease has been assigned, the assignee will become the new tenant and will be responsible for payment of the lease rent(s) and ensuring compliance with all of the tenant’s obligations in the lease, including covenants in relation to repair and maintenance of the property.

What checks will a landlord make before permitting assignment of a lease?

Before consenting to the assignment of a lease to a new tenant, your landlord will want to carry out checks to ensure the tenant you have found is a suitable replacement tenant. These checks can include:

Financial status

Your landlord will want to see evidence – usually in the form of business bank account statements – that the new tenant is an active registered company in a strong financial position.

Statements from previous landlords that the tenant has leased property from, trade references from suppliers or other professional references (for example their accountants or banking manager) will be required to show that the tenant is reliable and doesn’t have a history of missing payments or otherwise neglecting their responsibilities as a tenant or business client.

Proposed use of the premises

Your landlord will probably be looking for a new tenant to intend to use the premises in broadly the same way as you have done in the past as the lease will specify what use is permitted and if there are any restrictions on usage.

If the use of the premises is to be altered or updated it is imperative that a change of use application is made to the landlord and to the extent necessary, the local authority or planning authority. Proper consents or planning permission(s) are to be sought in advance from the local or planning authority and if approved and required, a lease variation reflecting the change of use documented in writing; for example, these provisions could form part of the Licence to Assign, to which the landlord would be joined as a party.

Likelihood of requesting alterations to the building

Your landlord will require advance notice of any alterations or fitting out works the new tenant may wish to make at the premises, and in some cases written permission in the form of a Licence to Alter, setting out plans, specifications and method statements will be required; so it would be good to have these documents prepared in readiness, for the landlord to approve. It is likely that a landlord could withhold their consent for assigning the lease to any tenant intending to make large-scale or structural changes to a property, or those that would adversely impact the energy efficiency of the property (or building of which it forms part)  and especially if the proposed plans vary significantly from the remit of alterations that are generally permitted in principle under the existing lease.

What liabilities will you have when assigning a lease?

It is important to recognise that the assignment of a lease to a new tenant does not automatically exempt you from all liabilities related to that tenancy and the property going forwards. In fact, once the lease assignment is complete you can still be liable should the new tenant miss any payments or otherwise breach the terms of the lease.

The nature and extent of what you could be held liable for depends on when your lease first began. If you entered your lease before 1 st January 1996 (Old Leases) you, as original tenant, will remain liable for all payments due under the lease and performance of the lease covenants for the duration of the lease term including from any subsequent tenants– even if you no longer occupy the property and if the lease is assigned several more times after you. This doctrine is known as “privity of contract” and is usually dealt with by subsequent tenants entering into an express indemnity covenant with the original/former tenant, establishing a chain of indemnity covenants, where there are a series of subsequent lease assignments

For “New Leases” that were entered into after 1 st January 1996, the Landlord and Tenant (Covenants) Act 1995 applies and for such modern leases, as outgoing tenant you would (if reasonably required in the circumstances) be required to sign an Authorised Guarantee Agreement (AGA). This means you would guarantee rental payments and compliance with the tenant covenants of the lease for the next tenant (your assignee and direct successor), but not any further tenants. An AGA may also provide the landlord with the option to require you to take on a new lease (on the existing terms) or pay the landlord a lump sum, often equivalent to 6 months’ worth of the annual rent.

What does lease assignment cost?

On the other hand, if the rent under the new lease is below the market rate, the new tenant may instead want to pay you a premium. These are commercial terms that a local valuation agent or surveyor would be best placed to provide you with input on.

It is highly recommended to involve your solicitor (and consider the cost of their advice) when opting to pursue a lease assignment, so as not to inadvertently break the terms of your lease and potentially leave yourself open to court action or forfeiture of your lease, from your landlord. You may also be required to cover your landlord’s legal costs and other professional fees (e.g. the fees of their agents and/or surveyors) in consideration of your application for lease assignment.

How to get out of a commercial lease – what are the alternatives?

Assignment of a lease is not the only way to exit a commercial lease and depending on your circumstances, the provisions of your lease and in the context of your professional relationship with your current landlord, it may not always be the best commercial option for you.

Some alternative ways to get out of a commercial lease early include:

Exercising a break option

Some leases incorporate a “break clause” or early “break option” which offers one party or both parties the opportunity to end the lease early in certain circumstances. Read your lease carefully to check if it contains a clause such as this, and if it does, what terms and conditions are involved, for example do you have the benefit of a rolling break option or is a fixed break date specified? Any time limits specified in the lease, provisions for giving of notice and compliance with any conditions must be strictly followed, in order for the break option to be valid. It is worth mentioning that business leases benefiting from the protection of the security of tenure provisions of the Landlord and Tenant Act 1954 cannot contain a break option for the landlord.

Negotiating a lease exit and surrender

If your contract does not include a break clause, your landlord may still be open to you exiting the lease early by way of lease surrender, subject to payment of a lump sum, as consideration. You would need to negotiate the specific terms of your exit and your landlord may require a pay-out to offset the inconvenience of having to market the property again, their loss of guaranteed rental income and to cover any dilapidations. You would enter a formal Deed of Surrender with the landlord.

Compared to lease assignment, negotiating an exit from your lease should provide a clean break with no further liabilities, but we would recommend seeking legal advice to confirm that you were exiting the contract cleanly.

Subletting the premises

A final option to consider when looking at how to exit your commercial lease early is subletting. If your contract allows it, you can take on the role of intermediate landlord by finding and leasing your property to a new subtenant.

You can use the rental income received from your new direct tenant to cover your own superior lease rent payments and obligations, but in return you would be expected to take an active role managing the property and deal with the sub-tenant directly, ensuring they comply with any superior covenants and requirements of the landlord and you would be required to promptly arrange remediation of any breaches.

You will need to comply with the provisions of your existing lease with regard to subletting which would usually include obtaining your direct landlord’s prior written consent to the arrangement, payment of their legal and/or other professional fees (e.g. surveyors costs), seeking their approval of the form of sublease and entering into a Licence to Sublet.

Need assistance with assignment of lease?

Exiting a lease early can be a complex process, whether you choose to do so by arranging the assignment of your lease or by one of the other means mentioned above.

Lease assignment is an effective way for tenants to exit a commercial lease early. However, this can be a slow process and you will incur costs.

Contacting a solicitor at an early juncture is advisable so that you are appropriately advised at the outset of any key considerations and potential pitfalls. For example, even though you are selling the lease, you could potentially remain liable afterwards; dependent on the age of the lease and whether or not you have entered into an AGA.

Gurkiran Notay is a Senior Associate in our Commercial Property Department and has a wealth of experience in dealing with commercial lease assignments.  She assists and advises clients across the UK.  In addition to office meetings in Elstead, Surrey, Gurkiran offers remote meetings via telephone or video conferencing software so would be pleased to assist you wherever you are based.

Make a Free Enquiry

If you are considering how to get out of a commercial lease or have any queries relating to any of the issues discussed in this article, please get in touch with our of our experienced property lawyers by calling 0800 086 2929 , emailing [email protected] or completing our Free Online Enquiry Form .

The content of this article is for general information only. The information in this article is not legal or professional advice. If you require legal or professional advice you should obtain independent expert advice from qualified commercial property solicitors such as those within our firm .

Call us 24/7 on 0800 086 2929 or complete our Free Enquiry Form below

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Assignment and Assumption of Lease and Landlord Consent

You can use a Lease Assignment to outline the terms for assigning the responsibilities of a lease to someone else. You need to make sure that the landlord has given his or her consent for the Lease Assignment to go into effect. The terms of assignment, consent of the lessor, and acceptance by the assignee are covered in this Lease Assignment, including the length of the assignment, consent of the person taking over the lease, and acceptance by you, the current lease holder. A Lease Assignment transfers the rights and obligations of an existing lease from one tenant to another.

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This form has been prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not constitute legal advice, advertising, a solicitation, or tax advice. Transmission of this form and the information contained herein is not intended to create, and receipt thereof does not constitute formation of, an attorney-client relationship. You should not rely upon this document or information for any purpose without seeking legal advice from an appropriately licensed attorney, including without limitation to review and provide advice on the terms of this form, the appropriate approvals required in connection with the transactions contemplated by this form, and any securities law and other legal issues contemplated by this form or the transactions contemplated by this form.

ASSIGNMENT AND ASSUMPTION OF LEASE AND LANDLORD CONSENT

THIS ASSIGNMENT AND ASSUMPTION OF LEASE AND LANDLORD CONSENT (" Agreement ") is effective as of _________________ (the “ Effective Date ”), between  _____________  a ________________ corporation (" Assignor "), and ________________   a ________________ corporation (" Assignee ") who agree as follows:

A.              Lease .  ________________ a Delaware corporation (“ Landlord ”), and Assignor, as tenant, are parties to that certain Master Lease dated as of ________________  (the “ Master   Lease ”), pursuant to which Assignor leased from Landlord, and Landlord leased to Assignor, certain premises consisting of approximately ________________ rentable square feet located ________________ (the “ Leased Premises ”) in the building with a street address of ________________________________  (the “ Building ”).  A true, correct and complete copy of the Lease is attached hereto as  Exhibit “A”  and is by this reference incorporated herein and made a part hereof.  The Lease is scheduled to expire on ________________. 

B.         Assignor desires to transfer and assign all of its right, title and interest, as subtenant, in, to, and under the Lease to Assignee, and Assignee wishes to assume all of Assignor's duties, liabilities, and obligations thereunder.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is acknowledged, the parties mutually covenant and agree as follows:

1.               Assignment .  Assignor, for and in consideration of the payment of rent and the performance of all of the Lease covenants by Assignee as successor subtenant under the Lease, does hereby grant, assign, and convey to Assignee all of Assignor’s right, title, and interest in and to the Lease, for the residue of the term of the Lease, at the rent and other charges set forth in the Lease and subject to the conditions contained in the Lease and henceforth to be performed and observed by Assignee.    

2.               Performance of Lease Covenants and Conditions; Assumption . For the benefit of Assignor and Landlord and Landlord, Assignee hereby assumes all rights, duties, and obligations of the subtenant under the Lease and Assignee hereby covenants and agrees to perform all of the duties and obligations of the subtenant pursuant to the Lease from and after the Effective Date as if Assignee were the original subtenant thereunder. Assignee shall make all payments of rent, additional rent, and other sums due under the Lease from the subtenant thereunder, for the period from and after the Effective Date, when due and payable strictly in accordance with the terms, covenants, and conditions of the Lease.

3.               Letter of Credit .  Within three (3) business days following the full execution of this Agreement by the parties hereto, Landlord’s execution of its consent and Landlord’s execution of the Landlord’s Consent, each as set forth below, Assignee shall deliver to Landlord a letter of credit which satisfies the requirements of Section 21 of the Lease.  Within three (3) business days following Landlord’s receipt of such Letter of Credit from Assignee, Landlord shall return the original Letter of Credit to Assignor and thereafter such original Letter of Credit shall be void and of no further force or effect. 

4.               Possession . Assignor hereby tenders, and Assignee hereby accepts, possession of the Premises in its “AS IS,” “WHERE IS,” AND “WITH ALL FAULTS” condition. Assignor makes no representations or warranties with respect to the physical condition of the Premises or the suitability thereof for Assignee’s use.

5.               Assignment and Subleasing . Subject to the provisions of the Lease, Assignee may assign the Lease, or sub-lease all or any portion of the Premises, but Assignee must also obtain Assignor’s prior written consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed. As a condition of granting such consent to an assignment, Assignor may require that the new assignee assume the obligations of the subtenant under the Lease and take subject to all of the terms and conditions contained both in the Lease and this Agreement and as a condition of consenting to any lease, Assignor may require that each sublessee agree, by an express provision in its lease, to be bound by all of the terms and provisions of the Lease and this Agreement.  If Assignee assigns the Lease or leases the Premises, in whole or in part, Assignee shall nevertheless remain liable to Assignor for the full performance of Assignee’s obligations under the Lease and this Agreement.

6.               Entry . Assignee agrees that Assignor may at any time during the regular business hours enter upon the Premises for purpose of inspecting the same.

7.               Insurance . Assignee agrees to maintain in effect all of the insurance coverages required to be maintained by the subtenant under the Lease and to provide evidence of such insurance to Assignor from time to time. Assignee agrees to name Assignor as an additional insured under the general liability insurance carried by Assignee with respect to the Premises.

8.               Lease Amendments or Modifications . Assignee shall not enter into any lease amendments or modifications of the Lease with Landlord without the prior written consent of Assignor, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed.

9.               Broker Commissions; Fees .  Assignee acknowledges and agrees that Assignee shall be solely responsible for the payment of all broker commissions in connection with this Agreement.  Each of Assignee and Assignor represents and warrants to the other that it has taken no act nor permitted any act to be taken pursuant to which it or the other party hereto might incur any claim for brokerage commissions or finder’s fees in connection with the execution of this Agreement other than Jones Lang LaSalle representing Assignee and CBRE representing Assignor.  Each party agrees to indemnify, defend and hold the other harmless against all liabilities and costs arising from a breach of such representation and warranty, including, without limitation, for attorneys’ fees and costs in connection therewith.  In addition, Assignee shall pay any fees charged by Landlord and Landlord in connection with obtaining the consent of each of them.

10.            Indemnification.    Assignee hereby indemnifies and holds Assignor and its officers, directors, shareholders, members, affiliates, representatives, agents, employees, successors and assigns harmless from and against all claims, damages, demands, losses, expenses and costs incurred, arising out of, or in connection with Assignee’s failure, from and after the Effective Date, to observe, perform and discharge any and all of the subtenant’s covenants, obligations and liabilities in connection with the Lease.  Assignor hereby indemnifies and holds Assignee and its officers, directors, shareholders, members, affiliates, representatives, agents, employees, successors and assigns harmless from and against all claims, damages, demands, losses, expenses and costs incurred, arising out of, or in connection with Assignor’s failure to the extent accruing prior to the Effective Date, to observe, perform and discharge any and all of the subtenant’s covenants, obligations and liabilities in connection with the Lease.

11.            Defaults under Lease . Within two (2) days after receiving any notice from Landlord relating to the performance of the obligations of the subtenant under the Lease, Assignee shall send a copy of such notice to Assignor. Within two (2) days after receiving any notice from Landlord relating to the performance of any obligations of the subtenant under the Lease, Assignor shall send a copy of such notice to Assignee. If Assignee is in default under the provisions of the Lease or this Agreement, and if Assignee fails to cure such default within fifteen (15) days after receipt of notice from Landlord or Assignor specifying the nature of such default with respect to non-monetary defaults and two (2) business days with respect to monetary defaults, then Assignor may reenter the Premises, with or without process of law, and cure such default, in which event Assignee shall promptly reimburse Assignor for all costs and expenses with regard thereto, or, at Assignor’s option, Assignor may repossess and enjoy the Premises as of Assignor’s first and former estate and either declare this Agreement to be terminated at no further force or effect or, without terminating the same, Assignor may reassign the Lease to itself or others or sublet the Premises to itself or others, in whole or in part, for the account of Assignee, in which event Assignee shall promptly reimburse Assignor for any rent deficiencies and other charges, costs, reasonable attorneys’ fees, or expenses so incurred by Assignor with respect thereto.

12.            Attorneys’ Fees .  In any action between the parties to enforce any of the terms or provisions of this Agreement, the prevailing party in the action shall be entitled to recover from the non-prevailing party, in addition to damages, injunctive relief or other relief, its reasonable costs and expenses, including, without limitation, costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees, as the court shall determine.  Any such attorneys’ fees and other expenses incurred by either party in enforcing a judgment in its favor under this Agreement shall be recoverable separately from and in addition to any other amount included in such judgment, and such attorneys’ fees obligation is intended to be severable from the other provisions of this Agreement and to survive and not be merged into any such judgment.

13.            Successors and Assigns .  This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their respective successors and assigns.

14.            Severability .  If any provision of this Agreement shall be held invalid or unenforceable for any reason and to any extent, the remainder of this Agreement shall not be affected, but shall be enforced to the greatest extent permitted by law.

15.            Governing Law .  This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of California.

16.            Counterparts .  This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts.  All such counterparts, when taken together, shall comprise the fully executed Agreement.  Signatures of the parties transmitted by facsimile or electronic mail in PDF format shall be deemed to constitute originals and may be relied upon, for all purposes, as binding the transmitting party hereto.  The parties intend to be bound by the signatures transmitted by facsimile or electronic mail in PDF format, are aware that the other party will rely on such signature, and hereby waive any defenses to the enforcement of the terms of this Agreement based on the form of the signature.

17.            Notices .  For purposes of this Agreement, the notice addresses for Assignee and Assignor shall be as follows:

_____________________

Attn: ________________

18.            Warranty and Authority .  Each party represents that this Agreement has been executed by its duly authorized representative.

19.            Condition Precedent .  This Agreement is not and shall not be effective unless and until each of Landlord and Landlord provides its consent to this Agreement.  If either Landlord or Landlord fails to consent to this Agreement with thirty (30) days after delivery of this Agreement to Landlord and Landlord then either Assignor or Assignee may terminate this Agreement by written notice thereof to the other party at any time prior to receipt of Landlord’s and Landlord’s consent and in such event neither Assignor nor Assignee shall have any obligations to the other party under this Agreement.  Assignee shall reasonably cooperate with Assignor to obtain Landlord’s and Landlord’s consent, including providing Landlord and Landlord with financial information and other information requested by Landlord and Landlord

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement has been executed as of the Effective Date set forth above.

LANDLORD’S CONSENT

By its execution below, Landlord consents to this assignment of the Lease to Assignee and acknowledges the continuance of the Lease by and between Assignee and Landlord.  Landlord is not a party to the assignment and executes this document for the limited purpose of granting its consent.  The consent to this assignment shall not act as or be deemed as a waiver of Landlord’s right to consent to any subsequent assignment or lease in accordance with the terms of the Lease.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, so long as Assignee delivers to Landlord a letter of credit which satisfies the requirements of Section 21 of the Lease then within three (3) business days following Landlord’s receipt of such Letter of Credit from Assignee, Landlord shall return the original Letter of Credit to Assignor and thereafter such original Letter of Credit shall be void and of no further force or effect.

Landlord, Inc.

By:                                                      

Its:                                                       

LANDLORD CONSENT TO ASSIGNMENT OF LEASE

By its execution below,  Landlord consents to this assignment of the Lease to Assignee and acknowledges the continuance of the Lease by and between Assignee and Landlord.  Landlord is not a party to the assignment and executes this document for the limited purpose of granting its consent.  Landlord’s consent shall not relieve or discharge Landlord from any of its obligations under the Master Lease, whether or not such Default should occur by fault of the Assignee.  The consent to this assignment shall not act as or be deemed as a waiver of Landlord’s right to consent to any subsequent assignment or lease in accordance with the terms of the Master Lease.

Landlord’s consent is conditioned upon payment by Landlord of all Rent and any other charges due under the Master Lease at the time of the assignment (notwithstanding that such charges may be billed following the date of the assignment).

a ________________ corporation

By:                                               

Its:                                               

(see attached)

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How do I avoid future liabilities on assignment of my commercial lease?

by Levi Solicitors | May 10, 2017 | Blog Posts

If you own a business and operate from a property under a commercial lease, your lease will contain various obligations to your landlord.  Should you wish to sell the business and assign your interest in the lease to the new owner, it is important to be aware that your liabilities under the lease may still continue after assignment.

The law on assignment of leases

Leases granted on or before 31 December 1995 are known as “old tenancies” . Where a tenant assigns an old lease to a new tenant (“assignee”), the tenant remains liable for the obligations under the lease.

The Landlord and Tenant (Covenants) Act 1995 (“the Act”) introduced a new type of tenancy known as a “new tenancy” .  These are tenancies granted on or after 1 January 1996.

Where a tenant assigns a new tenancy, he will automatically be released from the lease’s covenants (liabilities and obligations). This means that the assignee will have full responsibility when he takes over the lease.

On first glance, it would therefore appear that the law protects tenants on assignment of the lease. This potentially leaves landlords in a position where they have a tenant they didn’t choose (the assignee); with the risk that they may not comply with their obligations under the lease. For this reason, s16 of the Act allows landlords to require tenants to enter into an Authorised Guarantee Agreement (AGA) as a condition of the landlord’s consent to assign the lease.

What is an Authorised Guarantee Agreement?

An AGA is the tenant effectively guaranteeing any future breaches of covenant by the assignee. This means that if the assignee fails to pay rent, the landlord can demand payment from the tenant.

As a tenant’s liability is automatically released on assignment of a lease, the tenant must consent to enter into the AGA for it to be a valid agreement. However, in order to obtain consent from your landlord to assign the lease, he may require the tenant to enter into an AGA. This leaves the tenant having to choose between remaining in the property, or agreeing to guarantee the assignee’s performance of the lease.

What do I do next?

Firstly, check your lease. Are there any restrictions on assigning the lease to a third party?

If you wish to sell your business and are required to enter into an AGA, make sure you are confident that the incoming tenant is able to pay the rent and perform the other obligations under the lease. Consider whether the new tenant is a business start-up or whether they are an established business with good accounts.

If you are unsure of your obligations to your landlord and the effect of assigning your lease, our specialist business transfer department can help. Call us today on 0800 988 7756 .

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