write an essay about federalism in nepal

Essay On Federalism in Nepal | 500+ Words Essay

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Table of Content

• Introduction To Federalism

Key Features of Federalism

Nepal's history.

• Benefits of Federalism in Nepal
• Challenges and Solutions of Federalism

Empowering Locals

Cultural preservation.

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Federalism in Nepal

Introduction.

Federalism is a system of government that divides power and authority between a central government and multiple smaller, regional governments. In the context of Nepal, federalism was introduced in 2015 as a significant transformation in the country's governance structure. This change aimed to address historical disparities, empower local communities, and promote inclusive development.

Nepal's federalism model consists of three levels of government: federal, provincial, and local. The federal government handles matters of national importance, such as foreign policy and national security. The provincial governments focus on issues that impact their respective regions, while local governments handle community-specific concerns. This division of power allows decisions to be made at the level closest to the people, ensuring better understanding and responsiveness.

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Benefits of Federalism

Federalism in Nepal has brought several benefits. Firstly, it has promoted inclusivity by giving a voice to different ethnic and cultural groups. Each province can make decisions that reflect their unique needs and priorities. Secondly, federalism has enhanced local governance. Local governments are more aware of local challenges and can tailor solutions accordingly. Thirdly, it has encouraged economic development by allowing regions to exploit their resources and opportunities more effectively.

Challenges and Solutions

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One of the significant achievements of federalism in Nepal is the empowerment of local communities. Local governments now have authority over education, health, and infrastructure development. This has led to faster decision-making and implementation of projects that directly benefit the people. It has also encouraged civic engagement as citizens actively participate in local governance processes.

Federalism in Nepal is a transformative step towards a more inclusive and prosperous nation. It addresses historical disparities, empowers local communities, and encourages sustainable development. While challenges exist, proper coordination, capacity-building, and cultural preservation efforts can help overcome them. As Nepal's youth, understanding and actively participating in this federal structure will shape the country's future, fostering unity in diversity and building a stronger Nepal for generations to come.

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Federalism: Challenges and Opportunities in Nepal

Molung Educational Frontier

It is assumed that the main aspect of the Constitution of Nepal promulgated on September 20, 2015 is the transfer of power from central/federal to the provincial and local government. However, the devolution process has not been satisfactorily experienced as had been expected when it was promulgated by the overwhelming majority of the then Constituent Assembly. One of the reasons for this slow progress might be some confusion and/ or problem in matters of power sharing between different levels of governments. So, the primary objective of the researcher is to review the power sharing modality existing in the new constitution on different sectors and areas of the state machinery. This paper focuses on the federal structure, demography, power sharing between the provincial and local level, opportunities and challenges of federalism in Nepal. It argues that the restructuring initiatives have not been successful in minimizing the political, social, economic, regional and ethnic inequalit...

Related Papers

Journal of South Asian Studies

Keshav K Acharya

This paper examines the core attributes and characteristics of federalism such as state restructuring, power-sharing, ensuring fundamental rights, and intergovernmental relationships. These are underpinned by constitutional provisions of 2015. Both primary and secondary information were used as a data sources. However, the constitution 2015 and citizens' responses were used as major sources of information. Seventy-two key informant interviews were administered purposely to triangulate the results. Findings indicate that the state was reformed into 7 provinces, and 753 local government units. However, much debate and discussions could not take place adequately on behalf of the state regarding the state restructuring process, nor had any established principles and criteria been used. As a result, there are many doubts have been emerged to implement federalism at the grassroots level. Although the government saying was that few indicators were designed to restructure the local governments, the political parties mainly Madheshi and identity-based sub-regional groups differed to the government decision. In addition, the constitution gives legislative, executive, and judiciary functions to all levels of governments, while capacity restraints, and lack of adequate legal procedures; federation have been extending its dominant role. Latterly, the inter-government relationship was adversely affected due for various reasons. For instance, firstly, imbalances of vertical and horizontal relationships; Secondly, provincial, and local governments' fiscal dependency on the federal government; and thirdly, power-seeking attitude of the bureaucracy. In the end, an applicable mechanism of service delivery and governance integrity is recommended for to effective federalization.

Dr. Vinod Kumar Bhardwaj

Nepal has been serious about establishing Federal model of constitution therein since there last movement for democracy, and especially after 2006 when the monarchy was completely thrown over, leaving zero scope for monarchial restoration there in Nepal. Of course it was a common agenda of all political parties therein and to greater extent it might be the willingness of external actors, but has happened after 2006 in Nepal in the name of finalization of the Constitution and formulation of federal model was not healthier. Besides, it was either more cautiousness or hyper sensitivity towards it that there happened a mass up and downs in politics, beginning with majority of Maovadies in first election and the crowning Prachanda as the Prime Minister of Nepal; and later thrown up of the same party to opposition status and bringing of Nepali Congress and UML coalition in power. As a result the country suffered for more than 9 years to get a constitution, which has been implemented on 20 th Sept. 2015 therein. The marathon for constitutional drafting and delineating federal territories was complicated by the political parties themselves, and whatever has been formulated is again seem to be tentative as it again not able to satisfy public grievances, especially that of Madhesies. It is essentially to mention that the adopted federal territories are more or less the same of Development Regions with some changes therein and creating a total 7 federal units in Democratic Federal state of Nepal. The implemented constitution is a sort of political compromise to fulfill their personal greed and not the public needs.

Dr Bishnu Raj Upreti

Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology

This study examines how far Nepal's current practice of federalism has progressed toward people's aspirations, based on power separation, public trust, power equalization, and intergovernmental relationships. Primary data was collected on purposively 72 key informant interviews, which were then triangulated by the KII response. Finding demonstrates that functions and authorities were devolved in accordance with the principle of separation of powers at all three levels of government. However, the constitutional provisions were completely disregarded, and power was centralized by an unholy alliance of political leadership and bureaucracy. Second, people expected the democratic government to take a welfare approach to ensure greater pluralism and alliances, but special interests of politicians for their election constituencies, as well as identity-based issues, caused havoc in the effective operation of federalism. Third, the provision of three tiers of power-sharing mechanisms was based on coexistence, cooperation, and coordination. However, the federal government appears hesitant to support sub-national governments due to the centralized mindset of bureaucrats and politicians. Fourth, the constitution has focused on intergovernmental relations, but such relationships fail due to imbalances in vertical and horizontal relationships, fiscal dependency, and the bureaucracy's power-seeking attitude. In the end, two key questions for the discussions are raised. First, the institutionalization of accountability at the local level is it a true commitment, or is it merely an ivory tower? Second, the provision of autonomy has been used as a means of transformation or simply as a bargaining tool at the local level?

Tejaswi Sharma

Marcus Brand

One of the key agendas of Nepal’s aborted constitution building process was the endeavor to restructure Nepal into a federal state. The divisions among the main political parties on this issue, reflective of larger divergences among various social and ethnic groups in Nepal’s society, were probably among the prime reasons why the process ultimately failed and why the peace process that began in 2006 has therefore still not come to a formal conclusion. At the same time, the work of the Constituent Assembly has resulted in considerable consensus about how the state in Nepal should be decentralized, in a manner qualitatively different from all earlier decentralization efforts. Even if Nepal has not been given a new Constitution, and even if federalism remains a vague and contested concept for many of Nepal’s people, the path towards more effective, decentralized and inclusive governance is really the only alternative for the country – which appears to be understood by political and bureaucratic elites alike. And yet, too little has been done to prepare for any eventual implementation of a new Constitution whose outlines are clear and tangible enough to expect a significant degree of state restructuring. Efforts to support Nepal’s constitution building process must therefore be accompanied by dedicated and long-term programmes to prepare and facilitate the transition from the currently over-centralized and unitary system to a more shared, inclusive and flexible form of governance for the country. This chapter analyses the early efforts of preparing Nepal for the legal and administrative changes a federal state structure would bring, beginning in 2009 and intensifying in 2010, and summarizes the developments since then, including the eventual dissolution of the Constituent Assembly in 2012. An earlier version of this analysis was written for key stakeholders in the constitution building process – the Constituent Assembly, the Government of Nepal, political parties, civil society, representatives of the institutions that needed to be created, and Nepal’s development partners, in September 2009, at a time when the timely conclusion of the since-aborted constitutional drafting process still seemed within reach. A particular focus then was on the how the constitution building process, and in particular a new formula for sharing powers between the centre and the to-be-created provinces would impact on Nepal’s relationship with its development partners.

Essays on Constitutional Law

A plethora of scholars' contribution elucidates that the constitution of Nepal which was promulgated by deliberative process is a key instrument to deconstruct the federalism. However, little was done to well establish the federalism as an apparatus of socio-economic transformation. This paper examines the core attributes and characteristics of federalism by analysing the constitutional provisions such as state restructuring, power sharing, delevering fundamental rights, and intergovernmental relationships. Both primary and secondary information were used as data source. However, the Constitution 2015 was used as major sources of information. Later, seventy-two key informant interviews were done purposively to triangulate the results. Findings indicate the state was restructured into 7 provinces and 753 local government units. However, no single well-known theory and indicators were adapted to delineate the provinces. Although few indicators were designed to restructure the local governments, the political parties mainly Madheshi were differed to the government decision. In addition, constitution gives legislative, executive and judiciary functions to all levels of governments, while capacity restraints, and lack of legal procedures; federation has been extending its dominant role. Latterly, inter-government relationship was adversely affected due to various reasons. First, imbalances of vertical and horizontal relationships. Second, provincial and local governments' fiscal dependency on federal government. Third, power seeking attitude of the bureaucracy. At the end, an applicable mechanism of service delivery, and governance integrity are recommended for effective federalization.

Federalism Conference Pokhara Presentation

Proceedings: 12th National and International Conference on Humanities and Social Sciences

Maki Ito Tsumagari

Federalism comes in many varieties: Some federations are highly centralized with concentration of power in the central government, while some others are more decentralized with extensive autonomy and discretion allocated to sub-federal units. As the youngest federal country in the world, Nepal holds a unique position to share ongoing experiences of how its transfer from a unitary to federal state is unfolding. By tracing a case of setting up and operationalizing Provincial Public Service Commission, a key administrative infrastructure for sub-federal governments to become able to recruit and manage civil service staffing, this study attempted to provide an insight into Nepal's transfer to federalism. The study approached the case from explanatory angle in pursuit of illuminating truth behind the phenomenon observed. The study found that there is a systemic force within the pre-existing political and bureaucratic domains that impede swift launch of Provincial Public Service Commission to serve their constituency. Although the eventual outcome is still open to be seen, from what can be extrapolated from the case, the study concluded that Nepal's federal balance seems to be shaping up into a more centralized, "weakly federal" model.

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The Question of Federalism in Nepal

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André Lecours, The Question of Federalism in Nepal, Publius: The Journal of Federalism , Volume 44, Issue 4, Fall 2014, Pages 609–632, https://doi.org/10.1093/publius/pjt030

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In 2012, a Nepali Constituent Assembly tasked with drafting a federal constitution was dissolved after four years of wrangling over federalism issues. This article develops three explanations for why federal structures have yet to take shape in Nepal. It argues that consensus on federalism hides a reluctance by key actors to build a federal system; that while some political forces want federal structures based on ethnic identities, two of the three main political parties have little appetite for “identity-based federalism”; and that political actors hold antagonistic ideas about federalism and what it should achieve. More broadly, the article speaks to cases of “holding together” federalism stemming from previously unitary states.

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Federalism in Nepal – Major Discourses and Key Challenges

• Conference: Interaction programme organised by White-House Graduate School of Management, New Baneshwor on 24 May 2016
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• Nepal Centre for Contemporary Research (NCCR)

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The Federalism Debate in Nepal

June 18, 2017.

This volume, published by UNDP's Support to Participatory Constitution Building in Nepal, is solely dedicated to federalism, as it was undoubtedly the major contentious issue that ultimately led to the demise of the first Constituent Assembly without producing a new constitution. The issue remains the same as for the second Constituent Assembly – how to divide Nepal into federal units and how to share power between the centre and the federal units.

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Federalism in Nepal: An Appraisal Issue for Implementing Prospective Scenario

16 Pages Posted: 15 Jun 2022

Dr.uttam khanal

Nepal open university; City education foundation

Date Written: June 3, 2022

Federalism it is very crucial to know about the successful story and bitter experience of federal nations so that Nepal can be couscous on its challenging factors. The federalism of United States of America, Switzerland and Ethiopia is made here in brief. The peace, development and prosperity of any nation are directly proportional to the political stability of that nation. The causes of political instability of any nation are dissatisfaction of people with the government due to various unsatisfactory activities carried out by government/political parties. The main causes of dissatisfaction of the people with the government are on all the functions of legislature, executive and judiciary. So, Nepal has being a multi ethnic, religious and cultural state having survived with a unitary culture. It would be a great challenge to every federal unit to substitute unitary political culture by a federal culture. It is certain that in initial stage have facing competitive federalism where the constituent governments of federation may compete with each other in offering their own range of public services and tax structures to enhance overall socio-economic efficiency. The state did not address this diversity in time and the expectation of people increases in such a way that their expectations could be fulfilled only in the federal system. The unitary system has failed to mobilize the resources for balanced development. There is important role of local government to systematically distribute opportunities, ensures access, participation of marginalized poor, and exploited inclusive of rights during security for all people.

Keywords: federalism, diversity, ethnicity, power sharing, implementation, state

Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation

Uttam Khanal (Contact Author)

Nepal open university ( email ).

Manbhawan, Jawalakhel, Lalitpur Lalitpur, 3 09771 Nepal

City education foundation ( email )

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Federalism in Nepal – The Federal System of Government in Nepal

Get here a post about the Federal System of Government in Nepal. We have posted some information, facts about the Federal System of Government in Nepal. This system is new for South Asian country Nepal. There are many challenges and opportunities in the federal system of governance in Nepal.

We can’t ignore the federal system of governance in Nepal challenges and opportunities. Do You know why is federal system felt necessary in Nepal? This post may help you with my question “why is the federal system felt necessary in Nepal?”

The Federal System of Government in Nepal

Nepal is a landlocked sovereign country located in South Asia. It is located in the Himalayas and bordered to the North by the People’s Republic of China, and to the South, East and West by the Republic of India. It occupies an area of 1,47,181 Sq. Km.

It is one of the richest countries in the world in terms of bio-diversity due to its unique geographical position and altitude variation. Our country ranges from 60m above the sea level to the highest point on earth Mt. Everest at 8,848 meters.

There are broadly two concepts of the system of government: Unitary & Federal. Nepal practiced the unitary system of government throughout its recorded history. However, it has been felt that it was not effective for the development and unity of the country. This was visibly expressed by the people during the People’s Movement-II in 2062/63 BS.

The course of history got changed in 2063 BS. People raised voices for a federal system of government. Nepal was then declared as the Democratic Federal Republic by the Interim Constitution-2063 BS. Now, we are in the process of making a ‘New Nepal’ on the federal concept.

See: about 7 provinces of Nepal 

We elected a ‘Constituent Assembly’ to write a new constitution on this concept on 28 th Chaitra 2064 BS. But it was failed due to various reasons in its mission and got dissolved after four years. The election for the Constituent Assembly-II was successfully conducted on 4 th Marga 2070 BS.

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One hundred and twenty-two (122) political parties participated in this election, and 30 of them got representation in the Constituent Assembly-II. This Constituent Assembly has owned the fundamental concepts adopted by the Constituent Assembly-I and is working to promulgate a new constitution of Nepal .

There is a necessity of a federal system in Nepal. The necessity of federal system in Nepal is clean and clear. The unitary system of government has been practiced in Nepal for a long time. Balance and proportional development through the concept of regional development have been a major effort under the unitary system.

But we can’t ignore the importance of the federal system in Nepal. But, this effort has been confined only in the blue print. We will, of course, get advantages of federalism in Nepal. We must consider more about resource allocation in federalism in Nepal.

Poverty, regional imbalance and unemployment still remained a major problem in the country. Therefore, federalism was raised as a political agenda against the unitary system after the success of people’s movement II, 2062/063.

The second amendment of the Interim Constitution of Nepal 2063 endorsed the concern of Nepalese people through different political parties to make Nepal a federal country. The first meeting of the first Constituent Assembly, which was held on 15 th Jestha 2065 declared Nepal as “Federal Democratic Republic Country”.

However, the Constituent Assembly (Jestha 2065-2069) could not settle the various issues regarding the determination of federal units in Nepal. So, the federal system is not yet implemented in Nepal.

SEE Also: essay on federalism in Nepal and its future

What is the federal system?

The federal system is a political system where a country is divided into different autonomous states or provinces. Each state or province has a separate government along with its federal government in the center. Generally, there are three administrative units under the federal system. They are the central government, state government, and local bodies.

Features of Federal (Central) Government

• Foreign affairs
• National monetary policy
• National security and military management
• The national highway, railway, postal service
• Big hydropower, multi-provincial project

Features of Provincial (State) Government

• Formulate state policies and laws
• Mobilize state security force and maintain public security
• Carry out local development activities
• Construct development infrastructures
• Preserve language, art, culture and other heritage

In the USA, the state government is responsible for the affairs related to the state including education and health. The central or the federal government is responsible for the external defense, national monitor policies, foreign affairs, and military mobilization.

In the federal system, when the state government is found to be ineffective and unsuccessful or when the national emergency is declared, the federal government controls and directs the respective states until another appropriate arrangement is made.

See: List of 7 States in Nepal

The concept of federalism in Nepal is born some years ago but now Nepal is on the way of the concept of federalism in Nepal. Although there are some challenges of the federal system in Nepal and Nepali is ready to face the challenges of the federal system in Nepal. But after facing the challenges of the federal system in Nepal, We will get benefits of the federal system in Nepal. pal.

NeAt present about 28 countries of the world is having the federal system. This system is in practice in India, the USA, Canada, Belgium, Spain, Australia, Ethiopia, South Africa, etc. In this system, states are formed on the basis of geographical structure, race, and language, population, natural and human resources, etc.

Why is the federal system felt necessary in Nepal?

There are many causes of the necessity of a federal system in Nepal. We have pointed out some points about the necessity of the federal system in Nepal. Know about Why is federal system felt necessary in Nepal?

1. The structure of Nepalese society is of multi-ethnic, multi-lingual, and multi-cultural. The state did not address this diversity in time and the expectation of people increased in such a way that their expectations could be fulfilled only in the federal system.

2. For healthy, sound competitive and proportional development of all the nooks and corners of the country.

3. Development regions were created for decentralization but powers, authority and development activities were centralized in the capital. The development has not reached every nook and corner of the country.

4. The unitary system had failed to mobilize the resources for balanced and justifiable development.

Advantages or Good Aspects of the Federal System in Nepal

No political system is perfect in itself. Every political system has its good and bad aspects. Some good aspects of the federal system are:

⇒ Maintains close relation between the state and its people. ⇒ Conflict may settle at the local level. ⇒ Maximum use of means and resources. ⇒ Does not hamper the country even if the central government is dissolved. ⇒ No need to depend on the center for everything. ⇒ Increment of public participation in government activities. ⇒ Accelerate development activities. ⇒ Local and ethnic art, culture and heritage can be well protected.

⇒ Helps to maintain balanced population distribution. ⇒ Rapid and harmonious development in a nation ⇒ Smooth and effective running of the administration ⇒ Sustainable utilization of means and resources ⇒ Decentralization of power ⇒ Less burden to the central government in administrative affairs ⇒ Equal representation of people in the development and other works ⇒ Concept of self-reliance develops and dependency on others is discouraged ⇒ Maximum participation of people in development and decision making.

Demerits of Federalism

⇒ Unhealthy and unnecessary competition may take place between the provinces for development. ⇒ Overlapping of work between the provinces. ⇒ The country may divide or split. ⇒ Expensive form of government

Challenging Aspects of the Federal System in Nepal

Besides the good aspects of the federal system it may create some problems and challenges, like:

⇒ Unequal distribution of means and resources between the states may cause unequal development and misunderstanding among the states.

⇒ There may be a conflict between the states regarding the use of natural resources of border areas.

⇒ The Federal system of government is more expensive so that there may be a lack of sufficient budget for its successful operation. ⇒ There may be a misunderstanding between the federal government and the provincial government regarding the sharing of power and authorities.

⇒ The provinces may demand a different and a separate state which can threaten the national integrity and indivisibility of the nation

⇒ The cultural and ethnic diversity can cause a challenge regarding the state language and maintain equal recognition to all cultural groups.

The Major Difference in the federal government and State government

The basic functions and criteria are different from each other between central and provincial governments in federalism.

In this way, there is always a check and balance on the activities of the central government and provincial governments. Though the provincial governments are autonomous, they are controlled by the provision of law. State restructuring is a process of political re-imagination of the state as per the changed circumstances.

In this process, there can be a readjustment in the internal political division of the nation, devolution of power to the local bodies a°d state can be more ‘  democratic and inclusive with special arrangements to who is left behind.

Facts into Consideration in Federalism

While dividing Nepal into federal units, various aspects need to be kept under consideration. First, it should recognize the capacity and resources available in the country. Whether a nation can afford such a system or not should be given due value. Second, the total number of provinces should be fixed scientifically, not as a whim. Next, the naming process of the provinces should be done on the three bases (without disintegrating the unity):

(i) geographical identity or resources,

(ii) ethnicity or caste, and

(iii) the mixed form of both.

All in all, the strength and recognition of the nation and citizen should not be ignored at any cost.

We all know that our present constitution promulgated on 3 Asoj, 2072 has adopted federalism and republicanism. Federalism is a dual government system in which there are parallel governments at the national level and local level. The constitution has highly encouraged decentralization of power and public participation. Actually, the Constitution has provided for three levels of government. They are as follows:

1. Federal government:

This is the national level government situated in the capital of the country i.e. Kathmandu. It consists of the national legislature, executive, and judiciary. The President is the head of the state and the Prime Minister is the head of the government i.e. the executive. According to the Constitution, there are two houses in the federal legislature; the House of Representative (lower house) and the National Assembly (upper house). The Supreme Court is the judicial organ of the federal government.

2. Regional government:

In addition to the national government in the capital, there is an autonomous provincial government in each of the provincial states. The executive there is headed by the Chief Minister. Each state has its own legislature and judiciary (high court), too.

3. Local governments:

There are also governments at a local level of village/town and district. According to the new constitution, the executive power of local levels is vested in village executive (guan Palika) and municipal executive (Nagar Palika).

They have the power to direct, control and conduct the governance system of village and town level respectively. There is also village/town assembly that works as the local legislature of village/town. In addition, there is a legislative body in each district. It is called the District Assembly.

District Assembly

According to the Constitution of Nepal, there is a District Assembly in each district. It consists of the Chairmen and Vice-Chairmen of all village executives (guan Palika) as well as the Mayors and Deputy Mayors of all municipalities within the concerned district. Th e first meeting of the District Assembly is held within 30 days after the publication of final results of the elections of the Village Assemblies and Town Assemblies.

District Coordination Committee

Similarly, there is a District Coordination Committee in every district. It consists of a Chairman, a Vice Chairman and maximum of 9 members including at least 3 women and a Dalit or minority citizen elected by the District Assembly. It performs all the tasks that are to be carried out from the side of the District Assembly.

The powers and functions of the District Assembly are as follows.

• To coordinate among the village governments (guan Palika) and municipal governments (Nagar Palika) within the district
• To monitor the development and construction activities in order to maintain a balance in them
• To coordinate between the federal and provincial offices within the district and the village governments (guan Palika) and municipal governments (Nagar Palika)
• To carry out other functions according to the laws of the provincial states

Any member of a Village Assembly or a Town Assembly will be eligible for the post of the Chairman, Vice Chairman or member of the District Coordination Committee of the concerned district. Once elected to any of the posts, he/she will automatically lose his/her post in the Village Assembly or Town Assembly. The tenure of the Chairman, Vice Chairman and members of a District Coordination Committee will be 5 years from the date of appointment.

Powers of the Local Levels

The powers of the local levels (village/town governments as well as district-level governments) as stated by the Constitution are as follows,

• Town police
• Cooperative organizations
• Operation of FM radios
• Local taxes (property tax, house rent tax, service tax, land revenues, etc.)
• Management of local services
• Collection of local statistics and records
• Development of plans and projects of local levels
• Basic and secondary education
• Basic health and sanitation
• Management of local market, environmental conservation, and biodiversity
• Local roads, village roads, agricultural roads, and irrigation
• Management of village assembly, town assembly, district assembly, local courts reconciliation and mediation
• Management of local records
• Distribution of land and house ownership certificates
• Agriculture and animal husbandry, management of agro-products, animal health, and cooperatives
• Management of senior citizens, disabled and the weak
• Collection of the statistics of the unemployed
• Management, operation, and control of the agricultural expansion
• Drinking water, micro-hydro projects, alternative energy
• Disaster management
• Conservation of watersheds, wildlife, and mines as well as minerals
• Preservation and development of language, culture and fine art

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Article Writer: Ram Hari Poudel, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal

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Amid harsh scrutiny following revelations that 23 Chinese swimmers failed drug tests in 2021, China called for more intensive testing of U.S. track and field competitors.

China is trying to fight fire with fire in the face of persistent doping allegations that have dogged its swimmers at the Paris Olympics.

The China Anti-Doping Agency called Thursday for more intensive testing of U.S. track and field competitors, citing in a news release past doping scandals and questioning how the U.S. Anti-Doping Agency handled them.

Repeated blasts from the Chinese agency have been echoed by reports in the government-controlled state media complaining about double standards applied to Chinese competitors. The reports have highlighted the more than 600 tests undergone by Chinese swimmers at the Paris Games with no violations found.

The World Anti-Doping Agency and World Aquatics have acknowledged that 23 Chinese swimmers tested positive for a banned substance ahead of the Tokyo Olympics. The results were not made public until revealed by media reports earlier this year, with both bodies accepting the Chinese explanation that the positive tests were caused by tainted food.

After the details emerged, the United States launched an investigation under a law passed in 2020 giving federal authorities power to investigate sports doping and cover-ups.

In a meeting in Paris this week, the head of the China’s Olympic delegation told his American counterpart that China hopes the United States will stop its “long-arm jurisdiction” and ensure that athletes from all countries can participate smoothly and safely in the 2028 Summer Games in Los Angeles and the 2034 Winter Games in Salt Lake City, according to an account in an official Chinese sports newspaper.

China’s anti-doping agency and its state media have zeroed in on an American sprinter, Erriyon Knighton, who was competing Thursday in the 200-meter finals. Knighton tested positive for a banned substance in March but the U.S. Anti-Doping Agency said an arbitration panel determined it came from contaminated meat, allowing him to compete.

The Chinese agency issued a release Tuesday accusing the U.S. agency of double standards. It followed up Thursday with the release calling for more testing of U.S. track and field competitors.

Some competitors from other countries spoke out about the controversy as China won 12 medals in swimming in Paris, including a gold in the men’s 4×100 medley relay that ended a decadeslong U.S. dominance of that event. Chinese swimmers have denied cheating.

U.S. swimming legend Michael Phelps doubled down on his support for tougher sanctions, including a lifetime ban for anyone who tests positive for a banned substance.

British swimmer Adam Peaty, whose team missed out on a medal by finishing fourth in the relay, blasted a system that allowed the Chinese swimmers who tested positive to compete.

“As an honorable person, I mean, you should be out of the sport,” he said, “but we know sport isn’t that simple.”

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