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Book description
Table of contents.
- Brief Contents
- 1.1.1 Characteristics of Computers
- 1.2 Evolution of Computers
- 1.3.1 First Generation (1940 to 1956): Vacuum Tubes
- 1.3.2 Second Generation (1956 to 1963): Transistors
- 1.3.3 Third Generation (1964 to Early 1970s): Integrated Circuits
- 1.3.4 Fourth Generation (Early 1970s to Till Date): Microprocessors
- 1.3.5 Fifth Generation (Present and Beyond): Artificial Intelligence
- 1.4.1 Microcomputers
- 1.4.2 Minicomputers
- 1.4.3 Mainframes
- 1.4.4 Supercomputers
- 1.5.1 Components of a Computer System
- 1.5.2 How Does a Computer Work?
- 1.6 Applications of Computers
- Let Us Summarize
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2.1 Arithmetic/Logic Unit
- 2.2.2 Registers
- 2.2.3 Control Unit
- 2.2.4 System Bus
- 2.2.5 Main Memory Unit
- 2.2.6 Cache Memory
- 2.3.1 Processor to Memory Communication
- 2.3.2 Processor—I/O Devices Communication
- 2.4 Instruction Format
- 2.5 Instruction Cycle
- 2.6.1 CISC Architecture
- 2.6.2 RISC Architecture
- 2.6.3 Comparing the CISC with RISC
- 2.7.1 Power Supply (SMPS)
- 2.7.2 Motherboard
- 2.7.3 Ports and Interfaces
- 2.7.4 Expansion Cards
- 2.7.5 Ribbon Cables
- 2.7.6 Memory Chips
- 2.7.7 Storage Devices
- 2.7.8 Processors
- 2.8.1 Types of Number System
- 2.8.2 Conversion between Number Bases
- 2.9 Coding Schemes
- 3.1.1 Memory Representation
- 3.2 Memory Hierarchy
- 3.3.1 Types of RAM
- 3.4.1 Types of ROM
- 3.5 RAM, ROM and CPU Interaction
- 3.6 Types of Secondary Storage Devices
- 3.7.1 Magnetic Tape Organization
- 3.7.2 Advantages of Magnetic Tapes
- 3.7.3 Disadvantages of Magnetic Tapes
- 3.8.1 Storage Organization of a Magnetic Disk
- 3.8.2 Accessing Data from Magnetic Disk
- 3.9.1 Floppy Disk
- 3.9.2 Hard Disk
- 3.9.3 Zip Disk
- 3.9.4 Advantages of Magnetic Disks
- 3.9.5 Disadvantages of Magnetic Disks
- 3.10.1 Storage Organization of Optical Disk
- 3.10.2 Access Mechanism of Optical Disk
- 3.11.1 Compact Disk
- 3.11.2 Digital Versatile Disk
- 3.11.3 Blu-ray Disk
- 3.11.4 Advantages of Optical Disks
- 3.11.5 Disadvantages of Optical Disks
- 3.12.1 Basics of MO Reading
- 3.12.2 Basics of MO Recording
- 3.13.1 Pen Drive
- 3.13.2 External Hard Disk Drive
- 3.14 Memory Stick
- 3.15 Mass Storage Devices
- 4.1.1 Importance of Input/Output Devices
- 4.2.1 Keyboard
- 4.2.2 Pointing Devices
- 4.2.3 Speech Recognition
- 4.2.4 Digital Camera
- 4.2.5 Webcam
- 4.2.6 Scanners
- 4.2.7 Optical Character Recognition
- 4.2.8 Optical Mark Recognition
- 4.2.9 Magnetic-ink Character Recognition
- 4.2.10 Bar Code Reader
- 4.3.1 Printers
- 4.3.2 Plotters
- 4.3.3 Computer Output Microfilm
- 4.3.4 Monitor
- 4.3.5 Voice Response System
- 4.3.6 Projector
- 4.3.7 Electronic Whiteboard
- 4.3.8 Headphone and Headset
- 4.4 Computer Terminals
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Operating System: Definition
- 5.3 Evolution of Operating System
- 5.4 Types of Operating Systems
- 5.5.1 Process Management
- 5.5.2 Memory Management
- 5.5.3 File Management
- 5.5.4 Device Management
- 5.5.5 Security Management
- 5.5.6 User Interface
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 Features of Windows XP
- 6.3 Starting Windows XP Professional
- 6.4.1 Taskbar
- 6.4.2 Customizing Taskbar
- 6.4.3 Desktop Icons
- 6.4.4 Customizing the Desktop
- 6.5 My Computer
- 6.6.1 Recycle Bin
- 6.7 Windows Explorer
- 6.8 Windows Help and Support Centre
- 6.9 Searching in Windows XP
- 6.10 System Utilities in Windows XP
- 6.11 Control Panel
- 6.12.1 Calculator
- 6.12.2 Notepad
- 6.12.3 Paint
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 Different Editions of Windows 7
- 7.3.1 Aero Themes
- 7.3.2 Gadgets
- 7.3.3 Taskbar
- 7.3.4 Start Menu
- 7.3.5 Aero Effects
- 7.3.6 Jump Lists
- 7.4 Windows 7 Accessories
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2.1 Prerequisites of Information
- 8.2.2 Need for Information
- 8.3 Technology
- 8.4.1 Components of Information Technology
- 8.5 Present Scenario
- 8.6.1 Information Technology in Business
- 8.6.2 Information Technology in Manufacturing
- 8.6.3 Information Technology in Mobile Computing
- 8.6.4 Information Technology in Public Sector
- 8.6.5 Information Technology in Defence Services
- 8.6.6 Information Technology in Media
- 8.6.7 Information Technology in Education
- 8.6.8 Information Technology in Publication
- 8.7 Information Technology and the Internet
- 8.8 Careers in the IT Industry
- 9.1 Introduction
- 9.2 Multimedia: Definition
- 9.3.2 Graphics
- 9.3.3 Audio
- 9.3.4 Video
- 9.3.5 Animation
- 9.4.1 Desirable Features of Multimedia System
- 9.4.2 Data Compression
- 9.5.1 Multimedia and Education
- 9.5.2 Multimedia and Entertainment
- 9.5.3 Multimedia and Training
- 9.5.4 Multimedia and Business
- 9.5.5 Multimedia Interactive Kiosks
- 9.6.1 Characteristics of Virtual Reality
- 10.1.1 Developing a Program
- 10.1.2 Program Development Cycle
- 10.2 Algorithm
- 10.3.1 Flowchart Symbols
- 10.3.2 Guidelines for Preparing Flowcharts
- 10.3.3 Benefits of Flowcharts
- 10.3.4 Limitations of Flowcharts
- 10.4.1 Steps to Develop a Decision Table
- 10.4.2 Benefits of Decision Tables
- 10.4.3 Limitations of Decision Tables
- 10.5.1 Pseudocode Guidelines
- 10.5.2 Benefits of Pseudocode
- 10.5.3 Limitations of Pseudocode
- 10.6.1 Sequence Control Structure
- 10.6.2 Selection Control Structure
- 10.6.3 Repetition Control Structure
- 10.7.1 Unstructured Programming
- 10.7.2 Structured Programming
- 10.7.3 Object-oriented Programming
- 10.8 Characteristics of a Good Program
- 10.9.1 Types of Programming Languages
- 10.10.1 First Generation: Machine Language
- 10.10.2 Second Generation: Assembly Language
- 10.10.3 Third Generation: High-level Language
- 10.10.4 Fourth Generation
- 10.10.5 Fifth Generation: Very High-level Languages
- 10.11 Features of a Good Programming Language
- 11.1 Introduction
- 11.2.1 Relationship between Software and Hardware
- 11.3.1 System Software
- 11.3.2 Application Software
- 11.4 Installing and Uninstalling Software
- 11.5.1 Types of Software Piracy
- 11.5.2 Preventing Software Piracy
- 11.6 Software Terminologies
- 12.1 Introduction
- 12.2 Introduction to Office 2007 User Interface
- 12.3.1 Microsoft Office Word 2007
- 12.3.2 Microsoft Office Excel 2007
- 12.3.3 Microsoft Office Access 2007
- 12.3.4 Microsoft Office PowerPoint 2007
- 13.1 Introduction
- 13.2.1 Microsoft Word Environment
- 13.2.2 Getting Help
- 13.3.1 Creating a New Document
- 13.3.2 Opening an Existing Document
- 13.3.3 Saving a Document
- 13.3.4 Closing a Document and Exiting Microsoft Word
- 13.4.1 Inserting Text
- 13.4.2 Selecting Text
- 13.4.3 Formatting the Text
- 13.4.4 Aligning and Indenting Text
- 13.4.5 Formatting Style
- 13.4.6 Format Painter
- 13.4.7 Using Cut, Copy, and Paste in Word
- 13.4.8 Finding and Replacing Text
- 13.4.9 Undo and Redo
- 13.4.10 Bullets and Numbering
- 13.4.11 Header and Footer
- 13.5.1 Table Properties
- 13.5.2 Moving and Resizing Table
- 13.5.3 Formatting Text in Table
- 13.5.4 Adding and Deleting Rows and Columns
- 13.5.5 Converting Text to Table
- 13.5.6 Converting Table to Text
- 13.6.1 Using the Auto Spell and Auto Grammar Features
- 13.6.2 Using Spelling and Grammar Dialog Box
- 13.6.3 Using AutoCorrect Options
- 13.6.4 Using Synonyms and Thesaurus
- 13.7.1 Pictures
- 13.7.2 Editing a Picture
- 13.7.3 Drawing Objects
- 13.8.1 Components of a Mail Merge
- 13.8.2 Mail Merge Steps
- 13.9.1 Setting Page Margins
- 13.9.2 Print Preview
- 13.9.3 Printing the Document
- 14.1 Introduction
- 14.2.1 Microsoft Excel Environment
- 14.3.1 Creating an Excel Workbook
- 14.3.2 Opening an Existing Workbook
- 14.3.3 Saving Workbook
- 14.3.4 Closing a Workbook
- 14.4.1 Entering Data in Cells
- 14.4.2 Navigating through Cells
- 14.4.3 Naming of a Range of Cells
- 14.4.4 Editing a Worksheet
- 14.4.5 Using Cut, Copy, and Paste in Excel
- 14.4.6 Finding and Replacing Cells
- 14.4.7 Undo and Redo
- 14.5.1 Functions
- 14.5.2 Using AutoSum
- 14.5.3 Formulas
- 14.6.1 Creating Charts
- 14.6.2 Using Chart Toolbar
- 14.6.3 Saving a Chart
- 14.7 Sorting
- 14.8.1 Setting Page Layout
- 14.8.2 Print Preview
- 14.8.3 Printing Worksheets
- 15.1 Introduction
- 15.2.1 Microsoft PowerPoint Environment
- 15.3.1 Creating a New Presentation
- 15.3.2 Opening a Presentation
- 15.3.3 Saving a Presentation
- 15.3.4 Closing a Presentation
- 15.4 Working with Different Views
- 15.5.1 Choosing Design Template
- 15.5.2 Using Masters
- 15.5.3 Working with Slides
- 15.5.4 Working with Text
- 15.5.5 Formatting the Text
- 15.5.6 Working with Graphics
- 15.5.7 Adding Multimedia
- 15.5.8 Running Slides
- 15.5.9 Package for CD
- 15.6.1 Setting Page Layout
- 15.6.2 Printing Presentation
- 16.1 Introduction
- 16.2.1 Components of Data Communication
- 16.2.2 Data Transmission Mode
- 16.2.3 Analog and Digital Data Transmission
- 16.2.4 Data Communication Measurement
- 16.3.1 Guided/Wired Media
- 16.3.2 Unguided/Wireless Media
- 16.4.1 Amplitude Modulation (AM)
- 16.4.2 Frequency Modulation (FM)
- 16.4.3 Phase Modulation (PM)
- 16.5.1 Multiplexers
- 16.5.2 Asynchronous and Synchronous Transmission
- 16.6.1 Circuit Switching
- 16.6.2 Packet Switching
- 16.6.3 Message Switching
- 16.7.1 Types of Computer Networks
- 16.8.1 Bus Topology
- 16.8.2 Ring Topology
- 16.8.3 Star Topology
- 16.8.4 Tree Topology
- 16.8.5 Mesh Topology
- 16.9.1 The OSI Model
- 16.10 Network Devices
- 17.1 Introduction
- 17.2 Evolution of Internet
- 17.3 Basic Internet Terms
- 17.4 Getting Connected to the Internet
- 17.5.1 Electronic Mail (E-mail)
- 17.5.2 File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
- 17.5.3 Telnet
- 17.5.4 Internet Relay Chat (IRC)
- 17.5.5 Chatting and Instant Messaging
- 17.5.6 Internet Telephony
- 17.5.7 Video Conferencing
- 17.5.8 Commerce through the Internet
- 17.5.9 Newsgroups (Usenet)
- 17.5.10 Mailing Lists (Listserver)
- 17.6.1 Static Component
- 17.6.2 Dynamic Component
- 18.1 Introduction
- 18.2.1 Web Browser Features
- 18.2.2 Opening Internet Explorer
- 18.2.3 Internet Explorer Environment
- 18.3 Browsing Internet Using Internet Explorer
- 18.4.1 E-mail Address Structure
- 18.4.2 Checking E-mails
- 18.4.3 Sending E-mails
- 18.4.4 E-mail Attachments
- 18.4.5 How E-mail Works
- 18.4.6 Netiquette
- 18.4.7 Advantages and Disadvantages of E-mail
- 18.5.1 Features of E-mail Client
- 18.5.2 Opening Outlook Express
- 18.5.3 Creating an Account
- 18.5.4 Sending E-mails Using Outlook Express
- 18.5.5 Checking E-mails Using Outlook Express
- 18.5.6 Creating Newsgroup Account
- 18.6.1 Searching the Internet
- 18.6.2 Refining the Search
- 18.7.1 Features of Messenger
- 18.7.2 Getting Started with Yahoo Messenger
- 18.7.3 Sending Instant Messages
- 18.7.4 Sending Files
- 19.1 Introduction
- 19.2.1 Security Threats
- 19.3.1 Virus
- 19.3.2 Other Destructive Programs
- 19.3.3 Affecting Computer System
- 19.3.4 Protecting Computer System
- 19.4.1 Secret Key Cryptography
- 19.4.2 Public Key Cryptography
- 19.4.3 Hash Function
- 19.5.1 How Is Digital Signature Used?
- 19.6.1 How Firewall Works?
- 19.6.2 Types of Firewall
- 19.7.1 User Requirements
- 19.7.2 User Possessions
- 19.7.3 Biometric Technique
- 19.8.1 Backup Methods
- 19.8.2 Online Backups
- 19.8.3 Recovery Tools
- 19.9.1 Awareness
- 19.9.2 Security Policy
- 20.1.1 Data versus Information
- 20.2.1 Basic Database Terms
- 20.3.1 Entity
- 20.3.2 Attribute
- 20.3.3 Relationship
- 20.4.1 Sequential Files
- 20.4.2 Direct Files
- 20.4.3 Indexed Sequential Files
- 20.5.1 Need for DBMS
- 20.5.2 Benefits of DBMS
- 20.5.3 Components of a DBMS
- 20.5.4 Database Administrator
- 20.5.5 Database Languages
- 20.5.6 Data Dictionary
- 20.6.1 Data Independence
- 20.7.1 Hierarchical Database Model
- 20.7.2 Network Database Model
- 20.7.3 Relational Database Model
- 20.7.4 Object-oriented Database Model
- 20.8.1 First Normal Form (1NF)
- 20.8.2 Second Normal Form (2NF)
- 20.8.3 Third Normal Form (3NF)
- 20.9.1 Centralized Database
- 20.9.2 Distributed Database
- 20.10 Data Warehousing and Data Mining
- 21.1.1 Communicating with Database Using SQL
- 21.1.2 Characteristics of SQL
- 21.1.3 Brief History of SQL
- 21.2.1 Data Types
- 21.2.2 SQL Syntax
- 21.3.1 CREATE TABLE Command
- 21.3.2 ALTER TABLE Command
- 21.3.3 DROP TABLE Command
- 21.4.1 INSERT Command
- 21.4.2 UPDATE Command
- 21.4.3 DELETE Command
- 21.4.4 SELECT Command
- 21.5.1 Combining Queries Using UNION
- 21.6 Nesting Select Statements (Subquery)
- 22.1 Introduction
- 22.2 Starting Microsoft Office Access 2003
- 22.3.1 Creating and Saving a Database
- 22.3.2 Opening a Database
- 22.3.3 Closing a Database and Exiting Microsoft Access
- 22.4 Microsoft Access Environment
- 22.5.1 Creating a Table in Design View
- 22.5.2 Creating a Table Using Wizard
- 22.5.3 Adding, Modifying, and Deleting Records
- 22.5.4 Navigating a Table
- 22.6.1 Creating a Simple Query Using Wizard
- 22.6.2 Running a Query
- 22.6.3 Sorting Query Results
- 22.6.4 Using SQL in Microsoft Access
- 22.7.1 Creating a Form Using Wizard
- 22.8.1 Creating a Report Using Wizard
- 23.1 Introduction
- 23.2.1 Types of E-Commerce
- 23.2.2 Processes in E-Commerce
- 23.2.3 Types of Electronic Payment
- 23.2.4 Advantages of E-Commerce
- 23.2.5 Disadvantages of E-Commerce
- 23.3.1 How EDI Works?
- 23.3.2 EDI Benefits
- 23.3.3 EDI Limitations
- 23.4 Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)
- 23.5 Smart Card
- 23.6 Internet Prootcol Television (IPTV)
- 23.7 Blogging
- 23.8 Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
- 23.9 Brain Computer Interface (BCI)
- 23.10.1 Pen Size Computer
- 23.10.2 Napkin PC
- 23.10.3 Roll Top Computer
- 23.10.4 B-membrane PC
- 23.10.5 USB Memory Stick
- 24.1.1 What Is Intelligence?
- 24.1.2 Turing Test
- 24.2.1 Domain Areas of AI
- 24.2.2 Brief History of AI
- 24.3.1 Knowledge Acquisition
- 24.3.2 Knowledge Organization
- 24.3.3 Knowledge Manipulation
- 24.3.4 Knowledge Representation
- 24.4.1 Uninformed Search
- 24.4.2 Informed Search
- 24.5.1 Uses of NLP
- 24.6.1 Characteristics of Expert System
- 24.6.2 Applications Areas of Expert System
- 24.6.3 Users in Expert Systems
- 24.6.4 Benefits of Expert Systems
- 24.6.5 Limitations of Expert Systems
- 24.7.1 Benefits of Neural Networks
- 24.7.2 Applications of Neural Networks
- 24.8 AI Languages
- Acknowledgements
Product information
- Title: Introduction to Information Technology, 2nd Edition
- Author(s): ITL Limited ITL Education Solutions Limited
- Release date: January 2012
- Publisher(s): Pearson Education India
- ISBN: 9789332525146
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Books. Econometric Analysis. William H. Greene. Pearson Education, Limited, 2012 - Business & Economics - 1228 pages. For first-year graduate courses in Econometrics for Social Scientists.This title is a Pearson Global Edition. The Editorial team at Pearson has worked closely with educators around the world to include content which is ...
Pearson Education Limited, 2012 - English language - 208 pages. TheOfficial Guide to PTE Academic provides comprehensive information about the test, over 200 practice tasks on CD-ROM, analysis of sample answers, test-taking tips and more. The first and only official guide for PTE Academic written by the developers of the test itself, it ...
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Product information. Title: Introduction to Information Technology, 2nd Edition. Author (s): ITL Limited ITL Education Solutions Limited. Release date: January 2012. Publisher (s): Pearson Education India. ISBN: 9789332525146. Introduction to Information Technology incorporates the major changes that have taken place in the field of information ...
Pearson Education Limited, Dec 1, 2012 - Business & Economics - 683 pages. The goal of every marketer is to create more value for customers. The authors of this new European Edition have aimed to create more value for you by building on a classic marketing text with its well-established customer-value framework and complimenting it with an ...
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Greene-2140242 A01˙GREE3568˙07˙GE˙FM January 19, 2011 20:15 SEVENTH EDITION ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS INTERNATIONAL EDITIONQ William H. Greene New York University
2012 Topics Accounting, Bookkeeping, Accountancy Publisher Harlow : Pearson Education Limited Collection internetarchivebooks; inlibrary; printdisabled Contributor Internet Archive Language English. XXVII, 779 pages ; 25 cm + Includes index Notes. Cut-off text on some pages due text runs into the gutter.
Pearson have kindly given permission for this chapter to uploaded on Researchgate. By the end of this chapter you should be able to: • define ontology, epistemology and axiology, and explain ...
A comprehensive introduction to research methods in business for students planning or undertaking a dissertation or extensive research project in business and management. The sixth edition of Research Methods for Business Students brings the theory, philosophy and techniques of research to life and enables students to understand the practical relevance of the research methods.
The street of Krasnogorsk. Krasnogorsk ( Russian: Красногорск) is a city in Moscow Oblast in Russia. It is the administrative center of Krasnogorsky District of Moscow Oblast. As of 2010, Krasnogorsk has 196,896 people. In 2024, Islamic State killed over 130 people in a massacre at Crocus City Hall .
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Geographic coordinates of Elektrostal, Moscow Oblast, Russia in WGS 84 coordinate system which is a standard in cartography, geodesy, and navigation, including Global Positioning System (GPS). Latitude of Elektrostal, longitude of Elektrostal, elevation above sea level of Elektrostal.
Elektrostal Geography. Geographic Information regarding City of Elektrostal. Elektrostal Geographical coordinates. Latitude: 55.8, Longitude: 38.45. 55° 48′ 0″ North, 38° 27′ 0″ East. Elektrostal Area. 4,951 hectares. 49.51 km² (19.12 sq mi) Elektrostal Altitude.
Books. New Success Pre-Intermediate Teacher's Book for DVD-ROM Pack. Grant Kempton. Pearson Education, Limited, Feb 10, 2012 - Foreign Language Study - 144 pages. *12 thematic units each consisting of 8 pages * Each unit clearly divided into sections (Grammar and Listening, Reading and Vocabulary, Vocabulary, Listening and Speaking, Writing ...
Cities near Elektrostal. Places of interest. Pavlovskiy Posad Noginsk. Travel guide resource for your visit to Elektrostal. Discover the best of Elektrostal so you can plan your trip right.