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Essay on “Pros and cons of Globalization” [CSS 2021]

“pros and cons of globalization” [2021].

Essay on the topic “Pros and cons of Globalization”

Pros and cons of Globalization

I. Introduction II. Some aspects of Globalization III. Pros of Globalization

  • Increased economic integration and growth
  • Access to a wider range of goods and services
  • Job creation and increased wages
  • Improved living standards
  • Increased competition
  • Cultural exchange and understanding
  • Spread of technology and knowledge
  • Access to foreign markets
  • Reduction of poverty
  • Increased political and economic cooperation

IV. Cons of Globalization

  • Loss of jobs and declining wages in some industries
  • Widening income inequality
  • Environmental degradation
  • Loss of cultural identity
  • Loss of control over economic policy
  • Spread of diseases
  • Exploitation of workers
  • Loss of small businesses
  • Dependence on foreign markets
  • Threat to national security

V. Conclusion

Pros and cons of Globalization (CSS Essay 2022)

The term “globalization” refers to the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of the world’s economies, cultures, and populations, brought about by advances in communication, transportation, and technology. Globalization has led to the growth of international trade and investment, and the spread of ideas and information. It has also brought benefits such as greater access to a wider range of goods and services, and the spread of technology and innovation. However, globalization has also been criticized for its negative impacts, including increased inequality, loss of cultural diversity, and negative environmental effects. In this paper, we will explore the pros and cons of Globalization.

One of the key aspects of globalization is the increasing flow of international trade. As countries have become more interconnected, they have also become more reliant on each other for the production and exchange of goods and services. This has led to the growth of international trade, with countries specializing in the production of certain goods and services, and then exporting them to other countries. For example, many developing countries have become major exporters of manufactured goods, while developed countries have become major exporters of services.

Another important aspect of globalization is the increasing flow of international finance. As countries have become more interconnected, they have also become more reliant on each other for the flow of capital. This has led to the growth of international financial markets, with investors able to buy and sell stocks, bonds, and other financial instruments on a global scale. This has made it easier for companies to access capital and has also made it possible for people to invest in foreign markets.

Globalization has also had an impact on culture. As people have become more interconnected, they have been exposed to different cultures, and have adopted some of the customs and values of other countries. This has led to a growing cultural homogenization, as people around the world have become more similar in terms of their values, beliefs, and ways of life.

Overall, globalization has brought many benefits, such as increased trade, improved access to capital, and greater cultural exchange. However, it has also had its downsides, such as increased competition, job displacement, and the loss of cultural diversity. As countries continue to become more interconnected, it will be important for them to find ways to manage the negative effects of globalization, while also continuing to reap the benefits.

Pros of Globalization

Increased economic integration and growth:.

Globalization has led to increased trade and investment among countries, resulting in higher economic growth and increased prosperity.

Access to a wider range of goods and services:

Globalization has made it possible for people to access a wider range of goods and services, including those that may not be available in their own countries.

Job creation and increased wages:

Globalization has led to the creation of jobs in a variety of industries, particularly in the manufacturing and service sectors. It has also led to increased wages in many countries, as workers have been able to take advantage of the increased demand for their skills.

Improved living standards:

Globalization has contributed to improved living standards in many countries, as people have been able to access better education, healthcare, and other essential services.

Increased competition:

Globalization has increased competition among businesses, forcing them to become more efficient and innovative in order to survive. This has led to improved products and services for consumers.

Cultural exchange and understanding:

Globalization has facilitated the exchange of ideas and cultures among different countries, promoting understanding and tolerance among people from different backgrounds.

Spread of technology and knowledge:

Globalization has facilitated the spread of technology and knowledge across the world, leading to improved productivity and innovation.

Access to foreign markets:

Globalization has made it easier for businesses to access foreign markets, allowing them to expand their operations and increase their revenues.

Reduction of poverty:

Globalization has contributed to the reduction of poverty in many countries, as increased trade and investment have led to economic growth and job creation.

Increased political and economic cooperation:

Globalization has promoted political and economic cooperation among countries, leading to increased stability and security on a global scale.

Cons of Globalization

Globalization can also lead to a loss of sovereignty and control over national affairs, as decisions made by international organizations and multinational corporations can have a significant impact on a country’s economy and society. It can also lead to a homogenization of cultures and the loss of diversity, as global influences can overpower local traditions and practices. Globalization can also contribute to human rights abuses, as some companies may prioritize profits over the well-being of their workers and the communities in which they operate.

Loss of jobs and declining wages in some industries:

Globalization has led to the outsourcing of jobs from developed countries to developing countries where labor is cheaper. This has resulted in job losses and declining wages in some industries in developed countries.

Widening income inequality:

Globalization has led to increased prosperity in many countries, but it has also contributed to the widening gap between the rich and the poor. This has resulted in increased income inequality in many countries.

Environmental degradation:

The increased trade and economic activity associated with globalization has led to environmental degradation, as more natural resources are consumed and waste is produced.

Loss of cultural identity:

Globalization has facilitated the spread of Western culture, leading to the erosion of traditional cultures and values in some parts of the world.

Loss of control over economic policy:

Globalization has made it more difficult for governments to control their own economic policies, as they are increasingly influenced by global economic forces.

Spread of diseases:

Globalization has facilitated the spread of diseases across the world, as people and goods move more easily from one country to another.

Exploitation of workers:

Globalization has led to the exploitation of workers in some countries, as companies seek to maximize profits by paying low wages and providing poor working conditions.

Loss of small businesses:

Globalization has led to increased competition from larger, multinational corporations, making it difficult for small businesses to survive.

Dependence on foreign markets:

Globalization has made many countries dependent on foreign markets for their economic growth, leaving them vulnerable to economic shocks in other parts of the world.

Threat to national security:

Globalization has made it easier for terrorists and other non-state actors to operate across borders, posing a threat to national security.

In a nutshell , globalization has brought many benefits to the world economy, including increased trade and investment, greater access to a wider range of goods and services, and the spread of technology and innovation. However, it has also led to increased inequality, both within and between countries, as well as a loss of cultural diversity and negative environmental impacts. Therefore, it is important for countries to carefully consider the potential pros and cons of globalization and take steps to address its negative effects.

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Pros and Cons of Globalization CSS ESSAY 2021

Pros and Cons of Globalization

Table of Contents

Thesis Statement

Globalization has brought numerous advantages and disadvantages to the world, impacting various aspects of society, economy, and culture. In this This essay we will explore the pros and cons of globalization, highlighting its benefits in terms of economic growth, technological advancements, and cultural exchange, while also discussing its challenges related to inequality, cultural homogenization, and environmental concerns.

Introduction

Globalization has become a defining feature of the modern world, shaping various aspects of society, economy, and culture. As nations have become more interconnected and interdependent, it is important to examine the pros and cons of this phenomenon. While globalization has brought numerous benefits such as economic growth, technological advancements, and cultural exchange, it has also presented challenges including inequality, cultural homogenization, and environmental concerns. This essay will explore these pros and cons, shedding light on the complexities of globalization.

Exposition: Understanding Globalization

Globalization can be defined as the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of nations in various aspects, including trade, communication, and technology. It has its roots in historical developments such as the expansion of trade routes and colonialism. However, it has gained momentum in recent decades due to advancements in transportation, communication, and the liberalization of trade policies. Globalization has enabled the flow of goods, services, capital, and information across borders, leading to increased global integration.

Pros of Globalization

Economic growth and development.

One of the key advantages of globalization is the potential for economic growth and development. Increased trade and investment opportunities have opened up new markets and expanded access to consumers worldwide. Businesses can now reach customers in different countries, leading to job creation, enhanced productivity, and overall economic prosperity. Globalization has also facilitated the transfer of technology and knowledge, fueling innovation and economic progress.

Technological Advancements

Globalization has accelerated the dissemination of information and knowledge through advancements in technology. The rapid exchange of ideas and expertise has led to breakthroughs in various fields, driving technological advancements. Innovations in areas such as communication, transportation, and medicine have transformed industries and improved the quality of life. Global collaboration and knowledge sharing have become easier, fostering scientific and technological progress.

Cultural Exchange and Diversity

The interconnectedness brought about by globalization has facilitated cultural exchange and diversity. People have greater exposure to diverse cultures, ideas, and perspectives from around the world. This exposure enriches societies by promoting cross-cultural understanding, tolerance, and appreciation. The exchange of artistic, literary, and culinary traditions has broadened cultural horizons, fostering a global tapestry of diversity and creativity.

Cons of Globalization

Economic inequality.

Despite the potential for economic growth, globalization has also led to increased economic inequality. The benefits of globalization are not evenly distributed, and wealth and resources tend to concentrate in the hands of a few. Developing countries often face challenges in competing with more developed nations, leading to disparities in wealth and living standards. Additionally, the exploitation of cheap labor in some parts of the world has raised concerns about fair trade practices and workers’ rights.

Cultural Homogenization

The dominance of Western cultural values and consumerism is a significant challenge posed by globalization. As global markets expand, there is a tendency for cultural homogenization, where local traditions and identities are marginalized or eroded. The influence of Western media, fashion, and entertainment can overshadow indigenous cultures, leading to the loss of cultural diversity. Preserving and promoting local traditions and languages becomes crucial in maintaining cultural richness and identity.

Environmental Concerns

Globalization has also raised environmental concerns. The increased movement of goods and people has resulted in higher carbon emissions and an ecological footprint. The overexploitation of natural resources to meet global demand poses threats to biodiversity and ecosystems. Environmental challenges, such as climate change and deforestation, require international cooperation and sustainable practices to mitigate their impact.

Addressing the Challenges

To manage the challenges of globalization, various strategies can be employed.

Economic Reforms and Redistribution

Implementing fair trade practices, ensuring workers’ rights, and promoting inclusive economic policies are essential in reducing economic inequality. Progressive taxation can help redistribute wealth and address disparities in income distribution.

Preserving Cultural Diversity

Supporting local arts, traditions, and languages is crucial in preserving cultural diversity. Governments and communities can take measures to protect and promote their cultural heritage, fostering intercultural dialogue and understanding.

Sustainable Development and Environmental Stewardship

Investing in renewable energy, adopting sustainable production and consumption practices, and strengthening international agreements on climate change and environmental protection are necessary steps in addressing environmental concerns. Global cooperation is vital in tackling shared environmental challenges.

Case Studies and Examples

Numerous case studies demonstrate both the positive impacts and negative consequences of globalization. For instance, countries like China and India have experienced remarkable economic growth and poverty reduction as a result of globalization. On the other hand, social unrest and environmental degradation have been observed in some regions due to unsustainable development practices.

Globalization is a multifaceted phenomenon with both benefits and challenges. While it has contributed to economic growth, technological advancements, and cultural exchange, it has also raised concerns regarding inequality, cultural homogenization, and environmental sustainability. Addressing these challenges requires a balanced approach that maximizes the benefits of globalization while mitigating its negative impacts. By promoting inclusive economic policies, preserving cultural diversity, and embracing sustainable practices, societies can navigate the complexities of globalization and create a more equitable and sustainable world.

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World as a Global Village: Learning to Live Together | CSS Essay

World as a Global Village: Learning to Live Together | CSS Essay

World as a Global Village: Learning to Live Together | CSS Essay Outline

1. introduction.

Globalization has led to the economic, political and socio-cultural integration making the world a global village. The prospects of learning to live together are, however, still evolving amid the hurdles persisting to check its course.

2. Aspects of Global Village

Globalization of economy Global integration of politics Global village of socio-cultural integration

3. Contemporary Manifestations of ‘Learning to Live Together in Global Village’

Internet and its global use International Political Community Global Economic Organizations

4. World Learning to Live Together

The case study of Iran and P5+1 Nuclear Deal The Melting of Ice between Cuba and the US The traditional rivals of South Asia and the efforts to live together

5. Hurdles in the Learning of Global Village to Live Together

Criticism on globalization as a threat to national interests Gap between the Global North and the Global South Economic, literary, cultural and technological backwardness Clash of Interests Clash of Civilizations Weak international institutions

6. Ways to Learn to Live Together

Strengthening the global institutions Minimizing the ideological difference between civilizations Pursuing mutual interests and fighting common threats Liberalism of trade Dialogue to be the first choice of conflict resolution

7. Conclusion

The term global village was coined by Marshall McLuhan, a Canadian philosopher and a public intellectual, in the beginning of the 1960s. He had a vision of technology reducing the size of the globe to that of a village, with information floating freely and simultaneously from one end to the other. McLuhan believed that interconnectivity on such a scale had the ability to heighten human awareness and bring together all political and social functions.

World is called a global village by the virtue of globalization which is a multi-faceted process. Globalization is integration of everything. It can be integration of political, cultural and technological prospects. The most apparent manifestation of globalization is economic and political integration. Similarly, the globalization which plays major role in making the world a global village comes in shape of technological integration.

Global village is attributed with sharing information, products, investments and profits. In political terms global village is featured by presence of an evolved international community at the platform of the UN. The growth of an integrated village brings several benefits to the masses as well as states along with causing trouble for the national interests.

Considering the dimensions of global village, the economic integration has brought the world closer and dependable on each other. Multinational companies, global economic forums and cross-border investments; all play vital role in making the world a global village.

For many, globalization is equated with economic interdependence. At the dawn of the 21st century, the scale and magnitude of global economic interaction appears to be unprecedented The volume of capital flows far exceeds that of the past. The developing world, too, have increasingly become a part of global trade and capital flows Contemporary patterns of economic globalization suggest the emergence of a new international division of labor In short, the world has reached a stage in which one can meaningfully refer to one global economy.

Political integration of the world states which helps to unite global village becomes obvious at the platform of the United Nations. This institution has 193 member states which discuss and decide upon all the important political events of international prospects. International political security, regional and global alliances against terrorism, international treaties on nuclear non-proliferation; all reveal the political integration of the global village.

Another important aspect of global village is socio-cultural integration. It is the mixing of cultural values and customs to evolve the new ones. Apparent manifestation of socio-cultural integration in the global village comes in the shape of fashion, traditions and practices one adopts after getting inspired by another culture through books and movies most of the times.

These all aspects of globalization render the global village to learn to live together. This becomes possible when the world states interact and find mutual interests. Those interests might be political, economic or social.

Multinational organizations and global institutions represent another manifestation of how the world is learning to live together. European Union, for example, represents togetherness of the European nations. Similarly, ASEAN is the association of South East Asian nations for attaining definite economic goals. In South Asia SAARC emerges to be an organization for regional cooperation. IMF and the World Bank bring the world closer in monetary aspects. Muslim states of the world form OIC as their distinct body. NATO is a military alliance of European and American nations. Thus, in all ways, world states practice the art of living together for the obvious reasons.

Recently two important developments in the global political context occurred that reflect how the nations are learning to live together. First came the nuclear deal between Iran and P5+1. Iran and the US had been at daggers drawn since the Iranian Revolution of 1979. The country also went to develop nuclear weapons secretly unless came to the knowledge of international community. This led to the beginning of talks between Iran and the Permanent Five members of the UN Security Council along with Germany.

The deals bore positive results after years of negotiations. This proves how the global states are learning to live together in the global village. Today, Iran is back in the mainstream international transactions. The danger to the global village has been averted.

Second case comes from the continents of America. The United States and the Latin American state of Cuba remained in rift since 1959 when Cuba was revolutionized by the forces of Fidel Castro. The Castro government was unfavorable to the US throughout the years of the Cold War. The US has for long imposed embargo on the island state of Cuba. The ice however melted previous year when the Pope visited both the countries helping them to normalize relations. This visit was followed by initiating diplomatic relations between both the countries after more than 70 years. This case also reveals the willingness and practice of the world to live together in the global village.

Third case study can be made on the South Asian states of India and Pakistan. Both the countries have several territorial disputes along with ideological and historical differences. They have fought two full-scale wars and a number of other skirmishes. But both find no solution in offensive methods. Comprehensive dialogue between both the states has been revived recently which reflects that they are learning to live together as peaceful neighbors though it’s tough.

Living together in the global village brings fruits of harmony, peace, trade and unity. But at the same time smaller states becomes victim of the evils of globalization. For example, World Trade Organization aims at lowering the trade tariffs across the globe. This brings free trade for the global village but not the fair trade. Developing states find it difficult to lower the tariffs on the limited products they export to earn revenue.

Along with this major hurdle there are several other obstacles in the learning of global village to live together. One major hurdle is clash of interests and priorities. Not all the world states prioritize the same things on their respective national agendas. Some times in the wake of global village’s mantra the national interests of the states are at stake. This declines confidence of those states on the virtues of global village.

Clash of civilizations is another theory which undermines the art of learning to live together. The theory given by Huntington speaks for the grounds of clash between the world states in the future would be cultural. This puts stones in the way of global integration.

Further the structural flaws in the international institutions which help in strengthening the hegemony of a few powerful states also impede the process of learning to live together. In order to ensure better working of global village international institutions are to be strengthened ending all the undue influence upon them.

People need to find the common goals and mutual interests in order to learn the art of living together in the global village. States need to collectively fight the common threats at the same time. Preference of liberalism over realism can be more beneficial in achieving this goal.

In compact, nations depend on each other. This level of dependence when reaches its peak, the world begins to become a global village. Hurdles in the way of globalization persists amid the efforts of international community to unite on the points of mutual interests.

Thriving institutions and corporations recognize the benefits of a diverse workforce and acknowledge how communication and technological advancements foster creativity within the team. Every culture contributes its own insight into an issue, introducing new ideas, awakening inspiration and driving success.

Don’t be afraid of differences or change! Make technology your friend, remain mindful of your environment, and recognize the endless benefits of our multicultural society to foster business success within the Village.

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Advantages and Disadvantages of Globalization Essay

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When discussing the drawbacks and benefits of globalization, essays tend to be on the longer side. The example below is a brief exploration of this complex subject. Learn more in this concise globalization pros and cons essay.

Introduction

  • Benefits and Disadvantages of Globalization

Reducing Negative Effects

In today’s world, globalization is a process that affects all aspects of people’s lives. It also has a crucial impact on businesses and governments as it provides opportunities for development while causing significant challenges. This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of globalization using evidence from academic sources. The report also suggests how governments and companies may implement to reduce the negative impact of the process.

Benefits and Drawbacks of Globalization

Globalization is a complex concept that can be defined by the process of interaction between organizations, businesses, and people on an international scale, which is driven by international trade. Some people may associate it with uniformity, while others can perceive it as the cause of diversification. The reason for such a difference in public opinion is that globalization has both advantages and disadvantages that should be analyzed.

The most significant positive aspects of globalization include global economic growth, the elimination of barriers between nations, and the establishment of competition between countries, which can potentially lead to a decrease in prices. Globalization supports free trade, creates jobs, and helps societies to become more tolerant towards each other. In addition, this process may increase the speed of financial and commercial operations, as well as reduce the isolation of poor populations (Burlacu, Gutu, & Matei, 2018; Amavilah, Asongu, & Andrés, 2017).

The disadvantages of globalization are that it causes the transfer of jobs from developed to lower-cost countries, a decrease in the national intellectual potential, the exploitation of labor, and a security deficit. Moreover, globalization leads to ecological deficiency (Ramsfield, Bentz, Faccoli, Jactel, & Brockerhoff, 2016). In addition, this process may result in multinational corporations influencing political decisions and offering unfair working conditions to their employees.

Firms and governments can work on eliminating the negative effects of globalization in the following ways. For example, countries should work on microeconomic policies, such as enhancing opportunities for education and career training and establishing less rigid labor markets. In addition, governments can build the necessary institutional infrastructure to initiate economic growth. To solve the problem of poor working conditions, it is vital to establish strict policies regarding minimum wages and the working environment for employees. A decrease in the national intellectual potential may be addressed by offering a broad range of career opportunities with competitive salaries, as well as educating future professionals on how their skills can solve problems on the local level.

Companies, in their turn, may invest in technologies that may lead to more flexible energy infrastructure, lower production costs, and decrease carbon emissions. They can also establish strong corporate cultures to support their workers and provide them with an opportunity to share their ideas and concerns. Such an approach may eliminate employees’ migration to foreign organizations and increase their loyalty to local organizations. It is vital for companies to develop policies aimed at reducing a negative impact on the environment as well by using less destructive manufacturing alternatives and educating their employees on ecology-related issues.

Globalization has a significant impact on companies, governments, and the population. It can be considered beneficial because it helps to eliminate barriers between nations, causes competition between countries, and initiates economic growth. At the same time, globalization may result in a decrease in the national intellectual potential, the exploitation of labor, and ecology deficiency. To address these problems, organizations and governments can develop policies to enhance the population’s education, improve working conditions, and reduce carbon emissions.

Amavilah, V., Asongu, S. A., & Andrés, A. R. (2017). Effects of globalization on peace and stability: Implications for governance and the knowledge economy of African countries. Technological Forecasting and Social Change , 122 (C), 91-103.

Burlacu, S., Gutu, C., & Matei, F. O. (2018). Globalization – Pros and cons. Calitatea , 19 (S1), 122-125.

Ramsfield, T. D., Bentz, B. J., Faccoli, M., Jactel, H., & Brockerhoff, E. G. (2016). Forest health in a changing world: Effects of globalization and climate change on forest insect and pathogen impacts. Forestry , 89 (3), 245-252.

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Essay on Globalization and National Economies for CSS

Globalization and national economies essay for css.

Globalization and National Economies: Globalization, the growing connections among countries, has affected national economies. This essay looks at how globalization impacts economies worldwide, discussing the benefits, and challenges it brings.

Introduction

Globalization has turned the world into a global village, where countries are connected through technology, trade, investment, and cultural exchange. While it has led to big economic growth and development, it also has challenges for national economies. Understanding the two sides of globalization is very important for making policies that maximize benefits and reduce problems among countries.

Benefits of Globalization

One of the biggest benefits of globalization is economic growth. By opening up markets, countries can trade goods and services more easily, which leads to increased production and consumption. For example, developing countries can export raw materials to developed nations, which turn export finished products, creating a cycle of economic activity that boosts growth.

Another benefit is the flow of FDI (FDI Stands for Foreign Direct Investment ). Big companies invest in different countries, creating and improving infrastructure. This inflow of money leads to technology transfer, where advanced technologies from developed countries are introduced to developing economies, boosting productivity and competitiveness.

Globalization also promotes cultural exchange and the spread of ideas. This exchange can lead to better education and health standards as countries follow best practices around the world. For example, medical advancements can be quickly shared globally, improving healthcare.

Challenges of Globalization

Despite its benefits, globalization has several challenges. One major problem is the difference it creates between rich and poor countries. While some nations have thrived, others have lagged, widening the economic gap. This inequality can cause social and political tensions, as seen in various parts of the world.

Moreover, globalization can affect local industries . Small and medium-sized businesses in developing countries often struggle to compete with large and multinational corporations. This can lead to job losses and the decline of local economies, as seen in many agricultural and manufacturing sectors worldwide.

Environmental damage is another critical concern. The push for industrialization and economic growth often leads to overuse of natural resources, pollution, and biodiversity loss. Global trade can worsen these issues by promoting production practices that are not environmentally sustainable.

Balancing Globalization

To maximize the benefits of globalization while reducing its negative impacts, countries need to follow balanced policies. Investments in education and skills development are necessary to prepare the workforce for the global economy.

Environmental rules should be made stricter to support sustainable development. International cooperation is crucial in addressing global challenges such as climate change and economic inequality. Organizations like the United Nations (UN) and the World Trade Organization ( WTO ) are vital in facilitating this cooperation.

Globalization is a powerful force that shapes national economies in complex ways. While it offers opportunities for growth, innovation, and cultural exchange, it also presents significant challenges, including economic disparity and environmental concerns. By adopting balanced and inclusive policies, countries can harness the positive aspects of globalization while addressing its drawbacks, ensuring a more fair and sustainable global economy.

This balanced approach will help nations thrive in the connected world of today, fostering economic prosperity and social well-being for all.

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Pros and Cons of Globalization – CSS Essay

Note: The topic “Pros and Cons of Globalization” came in the CSS Essay Paper – 2021. The admin attempted the following essay and cleared this exam.

Globalization is defined as the free flow and movement of people, ideas, information, and goods across borders.

The main motive behind free trade and globalization was mutual interests and gains. Countries opened up their borders. Ultimately, it marked the beginning of a new era defined by the free movement of goods and people across the border.

Primarily, it was the end of World War II that marked the setting up of global institutions like the United Nations, the International Court of Justice, the World Trade Organization (erstwhile General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade), etc.

It was believed that these institutions will help in maintaining peace in the world and avoid another major global war or conflict.

So, is globalization good? Does it provide a win-win situation for every country? Are there some drawbacks or cons of globalization too? Let’s dig into details to find answers.

5 Major Pros of Globalization

1. globalization offers mutual cooperation & development.

With the advent of globalization, today’s states are cooperating with each other in the field of education, science, and technology. Moreover, states are working on the basis of mutual intelligence sharing for enhanced security.

For instance, in the recent pandemic crisis, how China has sent medical supplies and teams across borders and oceans clearly highlights the essence of globalization. Those states that were missing ventilators, vaccines, etc got help from other states in fighting Covid-19.

There are multiple regional-level and global-level organizations active today. For example, SAARC, ASEAN, SCO, UNO, WTO, etc all work for the mutual interests of the member countries.

2. Globalization offers more Peace in the World

The pre-globalized world had witnessed two great wars in the 20 th century and many even before that. While the states were not interconnected, they remained suspicious of each other’s strengths, motives, and activities. They lacked mutual interests and goals.

Such interdependency has altogether dismissed the chances of any major global conflict in the future.

3. More Employment Opportunities for Individuals in a Globalized World

Moreover, today people also find opportunities to find lucrative jobs across borders. For instance, the report says that 2.7 million Pakistani expatriates are living in Saudi Arabia and working there. It is entirely due to the globalized world that these Pakistani got a chance to better living.

Moreover, educated people also find better opportunities for better employment across borders.

4. Market Competition keeps the Prices Down

Another major benefit of globalization and free trade is that the prices of commodities remain down.

5. Better Educational Opportunities for Students

In today’s globalized world, where people can freely move across borders, students get better educational opportunities.

So, students do not actually have to move abroad but attend classes from the comforts of home.

4 Prominent Cons of Globalization

As we have discussed some prominent pros of globalization, let us also highlight some major cons of globalization.

1. Exploitation of Poor States by the Rich States

Globalization is said to be a new version of colonialism. During colonialism , rich states exploited poor states by taking their raw materials and dumping finished goods in their markets for financial gains.

We can say that globalization further fosters unequal relations between countries or companies.

2. Globalized world poses threats to Cultures | Cultural Assimilation

As with globalization comes great intermingling of people through the cross-border movement of people.

For instance, if we take the example of Pakistan, the people of Pakistan are adopting western culture, learning their (English) language, adopting their lifestyle, dressing like them, and largely becoming oblivion to their own unique cultural norms and values . This is happening because of globalization.

3. Emerging Non-Traditional Security Threats

For instance, the spread of the Swine Flu, Ebola Virus, and Covid-19, to name a few, was the result of well-interconnectivity in the world.

4. Growing Terrorism 

Globalization also offers terrorists a healthy atmosphere to spread and grow. Today, terrorist networks are fast spreading and growing.

Moreover, the spread of ISIS, the Taliban, and various other terrorist organizations is also a fallout of globalization. These terrorist outfits are recruiting people from across the world with great ease in today’s globalized and connected world.

Wrapping Up

However, today, world communities together with mutual cooperation can work on eliminating the drawbacks of globalization.

We can only hope for a better future for the world through mutual cooperation of states and the strengthening of globalization.

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Globalization: A Weapon for Colonisation or a Tool for Development

Globalization is a phenomenon that has been shaping the world for decades. It refers to the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of countries through trade, investment, and communication. Globalization has brought many benefits to the world, such as increased economic growth and cultural exchange. On the other hand, it has also been criticized for exacerbating inequality and contributing to the colonization of developing countries. This article will explore the different ways in which globalization can be seen as a weapon for colonization or a tool for development. Let’s start with all the details:

The Impact of Globalization on Colonization

Globalization has had a significant impact on the colonization of developing countries. One of the main ways in which globalization has contributed to colonization is through the exploitation of resources and labor in these countries. Multinational corporations have been able to access resources and labor at a cheaper cost in developing countries. On the other hand, they are also exploiting the lack of regulatory oversight and weak labor laws. This has led to the extraction of resources. These include minerals and oil, and the establishment of labor-intensive industries, such as textiles and electronics, in developing countries.

Another way in which globalization has contributed to colonization is through the imposition of economic policies that favor developed countries. The World Trade Organization (WTO) and other international institutions have imposed trade policies that have forced developing countries to open their markets to competition from developed countries. They are also limiting their ability to protect their own industries. This has led to the erosion of local industries, resulting in the loss of jobs and economic opportunities for people in developing countries.

Also Read: Causes of Bad Governance in Pakistan

Furthermore, globalization has also enabled multinational corporations to exert control over the economies of developing countries. It is through the control of key sectors such as telecommunications, media, and banking. This has resulted in the concentration of economic power in the hands of a few corporations. And, it has led to the suppression of local businesses, further exacerbating inequality and poverty in developing countries.

globalization

In summary, globalization has had a significant impact on the colonization of developing countries through the exploitation of resources, labor, and economies. It has enabled multinational corporations to exert control over the economies of developing countries and has resulted in the erosion of local industries and businesses, exacerbating inequality and poverty.

The Role of Globalization in Development

Despite the negative impacts of globalization on colonization, it can also play a positive role in the development of developing countries. One of the main ways in which globalization can contribute to development is through increased economic growth. Globalization has led to the expansion of trade and investment, which has resulted in increased economic growth in developing countries. This has led to the creation of jobs and increased income for people in these countries, improving their standard of living.

Another way in which globalization can contribute to development is through the transfer of technology and knowledge. Multinational corporations and developed countries have been able to transfer technology and knowledge to developing countries through foreign direct investment and trade. This has led to the development of new industries and the improvement of existing ones, resulting in increased productivity and economic growth.

Furthermore, globalization has also enabled developing countries to access new markets, which has led to increased exports and economic growth. Developing countries have been able to increase their exports to developed countries, which has led to increased income and job opportunities for people in these countries.

Also Read: Importance of Free Speech Essay

In summary, globalization can play a positive role in the development of developing countries through increased economic growth, transfer of technology and knowledge, and access to new markets. It has the potential to improve the standard of living and create job opportunities for people in these countries. However, it’s important to note that for these benefits to materialize, it’s crucial for developed countries and international organizations to implement policies that are fair, equitable, and sustainable.

The Pros and Cons of Globalization

Pros of globalization include:.

  • Increased economic growth and efficiency: Globalization allows countries to specialize in certain industries and sell their products to a global market. It is leading to increased productivity and economic growth. It also allows for the free flow of capital, technology, and ideas, leading to more efficient use of resources and economic growth.
  • Increased access to foreign goods and markets: Globalization allows consumers to have access to a wider variety of goods and services at lower prices. It also allows businesses to expand into new markets and increase their customer base.
  • Spread of technology and information: Globalization leads to the spread of technology and information, which can improve living standards and promote innovation.
  • Increased cultural exchange: Globalization leads to increased cultural exchange, which can promote understanding and tolerance among different cultures and peoples.
Also Read: Earthquake Safety Information by Japan

Cons of Globalization include:

  • Displacement of workers and loss of jobs in certain industries: Globalization can lead to the outsourcing of jobs to countries with lower labor costs. This is resulting in job losses and wage stagnation for workers in developed countries.
  • Increased income inequality: Globalization can lead to increased income inequality as the benefits of economic growth are not distributed evenly among all segments of society.
  • Potential cultural homogenization: Globalization can lead to the spread of western culture and values, potentially leading to the loss of traditional cultures and ways of life.
  • Environmental degradation: Globalization can lead to increased pollution and resource depletion as countries industrialize and consume more resources to produce goods and services for export.
  • Dependence on other countries: Globalization leads to increased dependency on other countries for resources, goods, and services. This can lead to vulnerable situations in case of any adverse political or economic situation in those countries.

In conclusion , globalization can be seen as both a weapon for colonization and a tool for development. On one hand, it can lead to the displacement of workers and loss of jobs in certain industries, increased income inequality, and cultural homogenization. On the other hand, it can lead to increased economic growth and efficiency, increased access to foreign goods and markets, and the spread of technology and information. Ultimately, the effects of globalization will depend on the policies and actions taken by governments and other actors to mitigate its negative impacts and maximize its potential benefits for all people.

It is important for nations to approach globalization with a holistic perspective, and to ensure that the benefits are distributed equitably among all segments of society. This can be achieved through active participation and collaboration in global governance, and by creating policies that promote sustainable development and social inclusion.

Also Read: Reminiscence of the 2022 Year of Unexpectations

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globalization essay css

Impacts of Globalization on Developing Countries

Impacts of Globalization on Developing Countries

  • Dr. Sobia Sangrasi
  • July 15, 2023
  • Featured , PMS Ministerial Essays
  • 38049 Views

PMS Ministerial Solved Essays | Impacts of Globalization on Developing Countries

This PMS Ministerial essay is attempted by Sobia Sangrasi on the given pattern, which Sir Syed Kazim Ali  teaches to his students, who have consistently been qualifying their CSS, and PMS essays. Sir Syed Kazim Ali has been Pakistan’s top English writing and CSS, PMS essay and precis coach with the highest success rate of his students. The essay is uploaded to help other competitive aspirants learn and practice essay writing techniques and patterns.

How To Attempt 25-Marks PMS Ministerial Essay?

Unlike CSS or PMS essays, the essays asked in the PMS ministerial or any descriptive examinations in Pakistan are of 25-marks. All you need to qualify for the PMS ministerial essay paper is to understand the topic, create an outline displaying the proper plan of your essay and write an introduction precisely carrying the thesis statement. An introductory paragraph of such essays is a 150- to 200-word paragraph that gives your examiner a quick overview of your essay and its organization. It should express your thesis (or central idea) and your key points. Remember, the introductory paragraph is a concise summary of the essay, upon which your success standstill. However, the body of your essay will develop and explain these ideas much more thoroughly. As you will see in the solved essay below, the proportion of your introduction that you dedicate to each kind of information and the sequence of that information might vary, depending on the nature and genre of the essay you select. Nevertheless, in some cases, some of this information is implied rather than stated explicitly. For better preparation, revise my lectures on how to attempt a 20 or 25 marks essay, write its outline and introduction and prove your arguments with relevant evidence in the essay’s body paragraphs. 

globalization essay css

1- Introduction

  • Globalization, the unbridled movement of information, technology, and products across the borders, is a dynamic phenomenon in the contemporary world.
  • Globalization has transformed each facet of life
  • No nation is immune from the effects of globalization

2- Understanding the term globalization

  • Globalization means integration and cooperation of all nations in all spheres of life for the enhancement of common interest
  • Globalization is a multidimensional process

3- Positive impacts of globalization on developing countries:

3.1. Economic impacts

  • Case in point: Rising of Indian average growth rate up to 5.9 per cent
  • Case in point: Philippines and Pakistan
  • Case in point: Example of Ford’s Lyman car

3.2. Socio-cultural impacts

  • Case in point: China and India’s development reducing world poverty
  • Case in point: Formation of laws for the protection of women
  • Case in point: WHO report and positive effects on Bangladesh, India

3.3. Political impacts

  • Case in point: A case study of Pakistan
  • Case in point: Eradication of COVID-19 and mutual fight against terrorism, extremism and poverty
  • Case in point: Role of the United Nations in achieving peace and harmony

4- Negative impacts of globalization on developing countries:

4.1. Economic impacts

  • Demolishing local industry of states
  • Case in point: A case study of Pakistan and Bangladesh
  • Case in point: Case of Pakistan

4.2. Socio-cultural impacts

  • Case in point: Arab countries; Syria, Lebanon
  • Case in point: Incidence of COVID-19
  • Case in point: Case of China

4.3. Political impacts

  • Case in point: USA using the land of Pakistan for the Afghan war and war on terror
  • Case in point: USA trying to implement her ideology across the world
  • Demolishing the difference between domestic and foreign policies

5- Critical analysis

6- Conclusion

globalization essay css

Globalization, the unbridled movement of information, technology, and products across borders, is a dynamic phenomenon in the contemporary world. Broadly considered an economic phenomenon, globalization has visibly transformed each facet of life by and large. No nation is immune from its impacts, whether it be a developed or developing state. On the bright side, globalization is playing a pivotal role in the development of developing countries by providing several opportunities, such as easing the way of doing business, accelerating the flow of technology, increasing trade opportunities, alleviating poverty, simplifying the way of eradicating environmental hazards etc.  For instance, China, a developing nation once struggling to have its say in international comity, has successfully challenged the American hegemony by actively participating in the era of globalization.  However, under all the seemingly positive effects of globalization on the growth and prosperity of developing nations, there lies the enormity of challenges, like demolishing local industries, increasing migration of skilled labour and youth across nations, raising environmental hazards, and destroying the sovereignty of the nations, that can leave such nations at the verge of extinction.  For instance, developing countries like Africa and some rural areas of China suffer from the highest poverty rates.  In short, in order to reap maximum benefits from globalization, which has become the need of time, developing countries need to learn how to swim in the river of globalization by adopting balanced strategies.

“Globalization will make our societies more creative and prosperous, but also morvulnerable.”                                                                             – Lord Robertson

Literally, globalization means integration and cooperation of all nations in all spheres of life for the enhancement of common interests. Globalization is a multidimensional process. Its impacts can extend to economics, politics, social, cultural aspects etc. Multiple dimensions of the process are interrelated and reinforcing. In economic terms, globalization has widened access to products and services and increased trade and foreign direct investment (FDI). In the same manner, the socio-cultural impacts of the process are even deeper, changing the concept of personal identity. Individuals are connecting throughout the world, adopting similar cultures. For this very purpose, global actors, such as global media corporations, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), multi-national companies (MNCs) have played an influential role. As a result of globalization, the world is becoming more homogenised and cultural differences are eradicated, driven by the force of technological advancements. Thus, with regard to different fields, globalization has been defined by multiple scholars. Globalization, according to Holm and Sorensen, is the “intensification of economic, political, social, and cultural relations across the border.”

Considering the various dimensions of globalization, it has impacted developing nations both positively and negatively. Initiating with merits, globalization has provided nations with a large room to prosper by dwindling trade barriers and enhancing FDI. Liberalisation has allowed multiple national and international companies to trade in countries and create an environment of competence among companies, adding to the economic growth of states. Besides, steps taken by many developing nations to open up markets by removing tariffs and freeing up their markets have paved the way for developed nations to invest in such states, creating job opportunities for the masses. For instance, the Indian economy greatly benefited from globalization. In the 1970s, the Indian annual growth rate was 3 per cent. However, in the 1980s, the average annual growth rate of India touched the margin of 5.9 per cent. Thus, globalization not only aid India in raising its growth rate substantially but also improves its position globally.

Similarly, remittances are the main source of skyrocketing the economy of a state. Globalization has provided the path for augmenting remittances. Remittance inflows help boost countries’ balance of payment. For instance, in 2019, Philippines remittances inflows of $34bn helped reduce the current account deficit by more than 10 per cent of GDP; in Pakistan, remittances averaged to 3657.95 million USD from 2002 to 2023 . Moreover, the advancement of science and technology has significantly reduced the cost of transportation and communication. The time-space compression effect of technological progress has declined the cost of international trade and investment, which makes it possible to organize and coordinate global production. For instance, Ford’s Lyman car is designed in Germany; its gearing system is formed in Korea, its pump in the USA, and the engine in Australia. It is globalization that has made this kind of production possible. Thus, economic globalization has led to fruitful results taking the state’s economy to its zenith.

In the same fashion, globalization, by reducing trade barriers and uplifting the export sector of nations, has not only opened the door of opportunities for developed nations but also significantly reduced the poverty level of developing countries. The rapid expansion of foreign trade made by developing nations generated demand for resources and energy; such emerging states started consuming 50 per cent of global energy production. This led them to increase their manufacturing and compete effectively in the world market. For instance, around 50 per cent of computers produced come from China. Thus, in the last two decades, India and China have started growing at a faster pace than already rich nations; the rapid development of both nations has caused world poverty to decline immensely . Further, globalization has provided a wonderful platform for women to raise their voices against patriarchy and injustice by paving the way for them to know about their rights. It assists women to engage in different facets, including social, political, economic, cultural, and sports. Also, t he constitution guarantees rights for women. A number of laws, such as the Prevention of Anti-women Practices ( 2011) in Pakistan and the Convention on Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (1993) in India , have empowered women to work fearlessly. Ergo, by providing education and awareness, globalization has led women to develop by leaps and bounds.

Additionally, globalization has significantly contributed to the education and health sector of developing nations. Health and education are basic objectives to improve any nation. Through substantial economic growth, developing states are able to invest in the education and health sector. Through globalization, several international organisations, like WHO, UNESCO, and NGOs, are trying to eradicate illiteracy and lethal diseases from the world. Hence, a number of countries have alleviated the illiteracy rate, including India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka etc., and the enormity of diseases, like AIDS, swine flu, Polio, and bird flu, has been reduced greatly. According to WHO, “With globalization, more than 85 per cent of the world’s population can expect to live for at least sixty years, and this is actually twice as long as the average life expectancy 100 years ago”.

Politically globalization has proven beneficial for the political structure of developing countries as well. Globalization has suppressed authoritarian government and flourished democratic forms of government across the world. Through globalization, democracy has flourished worldwide, enabling each person to enjoy their rights to the fullest. For instance, despite the fact that Pakistan has been a democratic state since its inception, inept leadership, unnecessary military intervention, and corrupt practices have made it more of an authoritarian government. Globalization, through media and technology, has made the public aware of their rights and power, thus, enabling them to protest against authoritarian rulers and help flourish democratic norms. Similarly, the process has provided easier access to information regarding environmental hazards or health issues. For instance, many diseases, like AIDS, influenza, and polio, have been eradicated. Currently, COVID-19, the deadliest virus, has been successfully exterminated due to globalization . Easier access to information and the flow of goods and services have helped the masses to get rid of the deadliest impacts of the virus. Likewise, developing nations, owing to globalization, are not left alone to fight the menace of global warming, terrorism, extremism, and poverty. International organizations and countries are working mutually to eradicate such menaces from their roots.

“While globalization will make the world smaller and more accessible, we must continue to appreciate its vibrant diversity.”  –   Jean Philippe Courtois.

Moving forward, globalization has played an active role in making the world a peaceful place to live in. With the aid of integration and the interconnectedness of nations, the process has created an atmosphere of peace and harmony. It was only possible with the help of globalization that the cycle of world wars had ended. Over the past many years, a number of organizations have evolved, struggling hard to maintain peace and harmony. Among all, United Nations is the most renowned one presently. For instance, t he UN has worked hard to achieve peace and stability between Pakistan and India, Israel and Palestine, and Ukraine and Russia . While the main agenda of the UN is to achieve peace between different nations, it is also working to achieve developmental goals for developing states. With members from 185 nations, the UN is a prime example of a diplomatic global village. Delegations from each country come to an agreement about rules and policies and tend to have fewer conflicts.  Resultantly, globalization has turned up the wave of the political culture of developing nations.

Nevertheless, globalization is not always as glorious as it seems. A number of challenges are associated with globalization. To begin with, the process has significantly destroyed the lock businesses of developing nations by creating an environment of competition worldwide. The low barrier in cross-border trade has cleared the path for Multinational Companies and MNCs to expand their resources and power. Due to this, local industries are suffering because they cannot meet what is considered to be international standards. Miserably, products produced by these local industries are unable to compete with products from foreign nations in terms of quality, price or marketing strategy. Correspondingly, by creating an environment of competition within and among nations, globalization has caused the youth and skilled labour to move to developed nations in search of better employment. Due to this very fact, youth is compelled to work for developed nations to gain perks and privileges. For instance, the garment industry in Bangladesh employs four million people, but average workers earn less in a month than US workers earn in a day. It proved to be the death blow for industry and for the nation. Similarly, in search of better employment, more than 300 Pakistani nationals were killed in the sinking of an overcrowded fishing trawler off the coast of Greece. Thus, globalization is wreaking havoc on developing countries.

To add more, globalization has raised the dependency of developing nations on international institutions. In spite of focusing on self-help and self-reliant methods, developing nations are heeding foreign aid and loan. The very method is proving to be lethal for such poor nations as high interest is hindering them from investing in public. Such dependency has taken a number of developing nations below the poverty line, such as Tanzania, sub-Saharan African countries, and Pakistan. For instance, Pakistan has gone to IMF 23 times in 75 years, proving that developing nations are running their economies on such loans and aid. The external debt of Pakistan, according to World Bank, has reached to sixty-six million USD from 2002 to 2021. Hence, globalization has left developing states on the verge of extinction.

Next to it, globalization has adversely impacted the sociocultural structure of the nations. Owing to important tools of globalization, like TV, internet, and satellite, it is now easy to see what is happening worldwide, providing impetus for people to adopt Western culture. Consequently, developing countries have imitated Western culture, leaving traditional values and customs at a dead end. People connecting throughout the world are adopting the same culture. It is common to see teenagers wearing Nike T-shirts, and Adidas footwear, using Apple iPad, listening Hip Hop music, and eating at KFC, Macdonald’s and Domino’s. Many developing countries are concerned regarding the rapid rise of globalization as it is destroying their cultural and traditional values and norms. For instance, many Arab countries, including Syria, Lebanon, and Iraq, have been affected significantly as their cultural values have altered merely. They wear and behave like developed nations.

Correspondingly, globalization has seriously impacted the health sector across the world. Due to increasing trade and travel, a number of diseases, such as AIDS, Polio, Swine flu, and COVID-19, have found their path towards developing countries. This has influenced badly to life expectancy and living standards of such nations miserably. For instance, according to the World Bank report, “The AIDS crisis has reduced life expectancy in some parts of Africa to less than 33 years.” Moreover, at present, the emergence of COVID-19 puts the lives of the masses at stake globally. According to WHO, the deadliest virus has caused the demise of more than 6.86 million people worldwide. Ironically, such a massive disaster was the result of globalization. On the same note, developing nations are suffering from dire environmental hazards owing to the rise of globalization. The development of developing nations at a faster pace throughout the years has resulted in greater emissions of GHG. Owing to globalization, emerging countries, to make a greater profit, frequently put the environment at risk. The best example is China, which is constructing a new coal-fired power plant every week. Although coal is the cheapest and most abundant fossil fuel, it is most polluting as well. Ergo, China is often regarded as the world’s greatest source of CO2 emissions.

On political grounds, the most outweighing impact is overpowering transnational institutes, putting the nation’s sovereignty at stake. Such empowerment provides a path for international and transnational institutes to intervene in national affairs, violating the sovereignty of the nations. As aptly stated by Woodward, “Globalisation had diffused power away from states empowering individuals and groups to play their roles in world politics including wreaking destruction-that were once reserved for governments of states”. The aforementioned statement depicts the extent of transformation in world politics as a result of globalization. For instance, America used the land of pure during the Afghan war and the war on terror, which significantly impacted the sovereignty of the nation.

Besides, globalization is giving rise to a conflict of ideologies. The world is still a diverse place, with different nations having different systems of governance, like communism, capitalism, and democracy. Developing countries are facing huge challenges from developed nations to submit to their ideologies depending on benefits and risks provided rather than their own will. Such a sorry state of developing nations is due to globalization as it is working to make the rich richer and the poor poorer. As a result, developing nations have to live at the mercy of developed countries to make ends meet. For instance, the USA is incessantly working to implement her ideology across the world. In addition, the indulgence of international actors in national affairs has exterminated the distinction between domestic and foreign policies. Satirically, the nations have lost the position to have their say in international matters. Thus, the nations are obliged to act according to the policies of global economy regulating bodies.

Critically, the transition is a natural phenomenon. Globalization calls for the modernization of societies around the globe based on scientific and technological advancement. Societies are responding to the challenges of globalization, either by modernization based on scientific development or Westernization, imitating Western modernity, specifically in cultural terms. Globalization can work for all, be it a developed country or a developing nation. Emerging countries, with effective and adjustable policy measures, can curtail the cons of globalization. Menaces like uneven development, poverty, environmental and health hazards, and westernization can effectively be controlled by adopting balanced strategies.

In the powerful diagnosis, globalization is one of the contemporary issues. No nation can survive in isolation. It consists of both costs and benefits; the effects of the process depend upon the Socio-Political and economic conditions of the nations. Developing countries, including India, China, Jordan and Bangladesh, have significantly benefited from the process of globalization by increasing FDI, technological advancement, alleviating illiteracy, supporting women’s empowerment etc. On the other hand, the process also has numerous drawbacks, putting developing nations, like Pakistan, Afghanistan, and African countries, below the poverty line. Despite that, the negative impacts of globalization can be minimized by constant adjustment and control measures. In short, globalization can work for developing countries as well, provided that such nations can start giving serious thought to the negative and positive impact of globalization and formulating policies accordingly.

“Globalization is a great thing, but it needs a legal framework in which to blossom.”     –   Loretta Napoleoni

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